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YUM command: get package information on RHEL and CentOS systems YUM literal translation is "Yellow Dog updater-modified (Yellowdog Updater, Modified)", it is an open source command line-based package manager front-end utility. It is widely used in RPM-based systems, such as RHEL and CentOS.

Yum is the main tool for obtaining, installing, deleting, and querying RPM packages in official distribution repositories and other third-party distribution repositories.

(LCTT translation note: use yum info to get the information of python package)

# yum info python Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * epel: epel.mirror.constant.com Installed Packages Name: python Arch: x86 * 64 Version: 2.6.6 Release: 66.el6_8 Size: 78k Repo: installed From repo: updates Summary: An interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language URL: http://www.python.org/ License: Python Description: Python is an interpreted, interactive Object-oriented programming: language often compared to Tcl, Perl, Scheme or Java. Python includes: modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and: dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and: libraries, as well as to various windowing systems (X11, Motif, Tk,: Mac and MFC). :: Programmers can write new built-in modules for Python in C or Clearing. : Python can be used as an extension language for applications that need: a programmable interface. :: Note that documentation for Python is provided in the python-docs: package. :: This package provides the "python" executable; most of the actual: implementation is within the "python-libs" package.YUMDB command: view package information on RHEL and CentOS systems yumdb info this command provides information similar to yum info, but it also provides additional information such as package check value, package type, user information (by whom). Since yum version 3.2.26, yum has started to store additional information outside the rpm database (as shown here, user indicates that the package was installed by the user, while dep indicates that the package was installed as a dependent package).

(LCTT translation note: use yumdb info to get information about python packages)

# yumdb info python Loaded plugins: fastestmirror python-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64 changed_by = 4294967295 checksum_data = 53c75a1756e5b4f6564c5229a37948c9b4561e0bf58076bd7dab7aff85a417f2 checksum_type = sha256 command_line = update-y from_repo = updates from_repo_revision = 1488370672 from_repo_timestamp = 1488371100 installed_by = 4294967295 reason = dep releasever = 6RPM command: view package information on RHEL/CentOS/Fedora system RPM literal translation For the Red Hat packet Manager (Red Hat Package Manager) This is a powerful command line package management tool under RedHat and its variants (such as RHEL, CentOS, Fedora, openSUSE, Megeia). It allows you to easily install, upgrade, delete, query and verify software on your system or server. The RPM file ends with .rpm. The RPM package consists of the software libraries it depends on and other dependencies, and it does not conflict with packages that are already installed on the system.

(LCTT translation note: use rpm-qi to query the specific information of nano packages)

# rpm-qi nano Name: nano Relocations: (not relocatable) Version: 2.0.9 Vendor: CentOS Release: 7.el6 Build Date: Fri 12 Nov 2010 02:18:36 AM EST Install Date: Fri 03 Mar 2017 08:57:47 AM EST Build Host: c5b2.bsys.dev.centos.org Group : Applications/Editors Source RPM: nano-2.0.9-7.el6.src.rpm Size: 1588347 License: GPLv3+ Signature: RSA/8 Sun 03 Jul 2011 12:46:50 AM EDT, Key ID 0946fca2c105b9de Packager: CentOS BuildSystem URL: http://www.nano-editor.org Summary: A small text editor Description: GNU nano is a small and friendly text editor.DNF command: view package information on Fedora system DNF means "stylish Yum (Dandified yum)" We can also think of DNF as the next generation of yum package manager (a branch of Yum) that uses the hawkey/libsolv library in the background. Ale Kozumpll í k began the development of DNF on Fedora 18 and officially released it on Fedora 22. The dnf command is used to install, update, search, and delete packages on Fedora 22 and later systems. It can automatically solve the problem of package dependency during package installation.

(LCTT Note: use dnf info to view tilix package information)

$dnf info tilix Last metadata expiration check: 27 days, 10:00:23 ago on Wed 04 Oct 2017 06:43:27 AM IST. Installed Packages Name: tilix Version: 1.6.4 Release: 1.fc26 Arch: x86: 64 Size: 3.6m Source: tilix-1.6.4-1.fc26.src.rpm Repo: @ System From repo: @ commandline Summary: Tiling terminal emulator URL: https://github.com/gnunn1/tilix License: MPLv2.0 and GPLv3+ and CC-BY-SA Description: Tilix is a tiling terminal emulator with the following features:-Layout terminals in any fashion by splitting them horizontally or vertically:-Terminals can be re-arranged using drag and drop both within and between: windows:-Terminals can be detached into a new window via drag and drop:-Input can be synchronized between Terminals so commands typed in one: terminal are replicated to the others:-The grouping of terminals can be saved and loaded from disk:-Terminals support custom titles:-Color schemes are stored in files and custom color schemes can be created by: simply creating a new file:-Transparent background:-Supports notifications When processes are completed out of view:: The application was written using GTK 3 and an effort was made to conform to: GNOME Human Interface Guidelines (HIG). Zypper command: view package information on openSUSE systems zypper is a command line package manager that uses the libzypp library. Zypper provides functions such as software repository access, installation dependency resolution, package installation, and so on.

(LCTT Note: use zypper info to query the information of nano packages)

$zypper info nano Loading repository data... Reading installed packages... Information for package nano:-- Repository: Main Repository (OSS) Name: nano Version: 2.4.2-5.3 Arch: x86 Vendor: openSUSE Installed Size: 1017.8 KiB Installed: No Status: not installed Source package: nano-2.4.2-5.3.src Summary: Pico editor clone with Enhancements Description: GNU nano is a small and friendly text editor. It aims to emulate the Pico text editor while also offering a few enhancements.Pacman command: view package information on ArchLinux and Manjaro systems, Pacman, which means package Manager (package manager) utility. Pacman is a command line tool for installing, building, removing, and managing packages on Arch Linux. Its back end uses libalpm (Arch Linux package Manager (ALPM) library) to complete all functions.

(LCTT Note: use pacman-Qi to query bash package information)

$pacman-Qi bash Name: bash Version: 4.4.012-2 Description: The GNU Bourne Again shell Architecture: x86: 64 URL: http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/bash.html Licenses: GPL Groups: base Provides: sh Depends On: readline > = 7.0glibc ncurses Optional Deps: bash-completion: for tab completion Required By: autoconf automake bison Bzip2 ca-certificates-utils db dhcpcd diffutils e2fsprogs fakeroot figlet findutils flex freetype2 gawk gdbm gettext gmp grub gzip icu iptables keyutils libgpg-error libksba libpcap libpng libtool lvm2 m4 man-db mkinitcpio nano neofetch nspr nss openresolv os-prober pacman pcre pcre2 shadow systemd texinfo vte-common which xdg-user-dirs xdg-utils Xfsprogs xorg-mkfontdir xorg-xpr xz Optional For: None Conflicts With: None Replaces: None Installed Size: 7.13 MiB Packager: Jan Alexander Steffens (heftig) Build Date: Tue 14 Feb 2017 01:16:51 PM UTC Install Date: Thu 24 Aug 2017 06:08:12 AM UTC Install Reason: Explicitly installed Install Script: No Validated By: Signatureapt-cache command: check the message on the Debian/Ubuntu/Mint system The information apt-cache command can display a large amount of information in the apt internal database. This information is collected from different software sources in sources.list, so in a sense this information can also be thought of as some kind of cache. This information collection is performed when the apt update command is run.

(LCTT Note: use administrator privileges to query information about apache2 packages)

Sudo apt-cache show apache2 Package: apache2 Priority: optional Section: web Installed-Size: 473Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers Original-Maintainer: Debian Apache Maintainers Architecture: amd64 Version: 2.4.12-2ubuntu2 Replaces: apache2.2-common Provides: httpd, httpd-cgi Depends: lsb-base, procps, perl, mime-support, apache2-bin (= 2.4.12-2ubuntu2), apache2-utils Apache2-data (= 2.4.12-2ubuntu2) Pre-Depends: dpkg (> = 1.17.14) Recommends: ssl-cert Suggests: www-browser, apache2-doc, apache2-suexec-pristine | apache2-suexec-custom, ufw Conflicts: apache2.2-common (APT command: view package information on Debian/Ubuntu/Mint system APT means Advanced Packaging tool (Advanced Packaging Tool) Just like how DNF will replace YUM, APT is a substitute for apt-get. Its rich command line tools include all the following command functions such as apt-cache, apt-search, dpkg, apt-cdrom, apt-config, apt-key, etc. We can easily install the .dpkg package through apt, but we can't do this through apt-get, and there are other similar functions that can't be done with apt-get. Therefore, apt-get is replaced by apt because it does not address the above reasons for the lack of functionality. $apt show nano Package: nano Version: 2.8.6-3 Priority: standard Section: editors Origin: Ubuntu Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers Original-Maintainer: Jordi Mallach Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug Installed-Size: 766 kB Depends: libc6 (> = 2.14), libncursesw5 (> = 6) Libtinfo5 (> = 6) Suggests: spell Conflicts: pico Breaks: nano-tiny (dpkg command: view the package information on the Debian/Ubuntu/Mint system dpkg means Debian package manager (Debian package manager). Dpkg is a command-line tool for installing, building, removing, and managing Debian packages on Debian systems. Dpkg uses aptitude (because it is more mainstream and user-friendly) as a front-end tool to do all the functions. Other tools such as dpkg-deb and dpkg-query use dpkg as the front end to implement the function. Although the system administrator still uses dpkg from time to time to perform software installation tasks when necessary, he uses the latter mostly because of the robustness of apt, apt-get, and aptitude. $dpkg-s python Package: python Status: install ok installed Priority: optional Section: python Installed-Size: 626 Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers Architecture: amd64 Multi-Arch: allowed Source: python-defaults Version: 2.7.14-2ubuntu1 Replaces: python-dev (= 2.7.14-2ubuntu1) Pre-Depends: python-minimal (= 2.7.14-2ubuntu1) Suggests: python-doc (= 2.7.14-2ubuntu1) Python-tk (> = 2.7.14-1 ~) Breaks: update-manager-core (we can also use the-p option of dpkg This option provides information similar to dpkg-s, but it also provides the check value and package type of the package. (LCTT translation note: view python3 package information with dpkg-p) $dpkg-p python3 Package: python3 Priority: important Section: python Installed-Size: 67 Origin: Ubuntu Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug Architecture: amd64 Multi-Arch: allowed Source: python3-defaults Version: 3.6.3-0ubuntu2 Replaces: python3-minimal (= 3.6.3-1 ~), libpython3-stdlib (= 3.6.3-0ubuntu2) Dh-python Pre-Depends: python3-minimal (= 3.6.3-0ubuntu2) Suggests: python3-doc (> = 3.6.3-0ubuntu2), python3-tk (> = 3.6.3-1 ~) Python3-venv (> = 3.6.3-0ubuntu2) Filename: pool/main/p/python3-defaults/python3_3.6.3-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb Size: 8712 MD5sum: a8bae494c6e5d1896287675faf40d373 Description: interactive high-level object-oriented language (default python3 version) Original-Maintainer: Matthias Klose SHA1: 2daec885cea7d4dc83c284301c3bebf42b23e095 SHA256: 865e509c91d2504a16c4b573dbe27e260c36fceec2add3fa43a30c1751d7e9bb Homepage: http://www.python.org/ Task: minimal, ubuntu-core Ubuntu-core Description-md5: 950ebd8122c0a7340f0a740c295b9eab Supported: 9maptitude command: view the package information on the Debian/Ubuntu/Mint system aptitude is the text interface of the Debian GNU/Linux package management system. It allows users to view a list of installed packages and perform package management tasks such as installing, upgrading, and deleting packages. These management behaviors can also be performed from the graphical interface. $aptitude show htop Package: htop Version: 2.0.2-1 State: installed Automatically installed: no Priority: optional Section: universe/utils Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers Architecture: amd64 Uncompressed Size: 216k Depends: libc6, libncursesw5 (> = 6), libtinfo5 (> = 6) Suggests: lsof, strace Conflicts: htop:i386 Description: interactive processes viewer Htop is an ncursed-based process viewer similar to top But it allows one to scroll the list vertically and horizontally to see all processes and their full command lines. Tasks related to processes (killing, renicing) can be done without entering their PIDs. Homepage: http://hisham.hm/htop/ above is all the content of the article "how to check package Information for Linux". Thank you for reading! 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