Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

This article mainly introduces "how to become a good Java back-end programmer". In daily operation, I believe many people have doubts about how to become a good Java back-end programmer. The editor consulted all kinds of materials and sorted out simple and easy-to-use operation methods. I hope it will be helpful to answer the doubts about "how to become a good Java back-end programmer". Next, please follow the editor to study!

1) MVC framework: MVC pattern is a software architecture pattern in software engineering, which can divide the software system into three basic parts:

Model (Model), write the function that the program should have (implement algorithm, etc.), carry on data management and database design.

View (View), interface designers do graphical interface design.

The controller (Controller) is responsible for forwarding and processing the request.

The better-known MVC framework is SpringMVC, a lightweight Web framework based on request-driven types, designed to help us back-end programmers simplify development.

I personally like a more lightweight JFinal, developed by Chinese people, based on the Java language extremely fast WEB + ORM framework, its core design goal is rapid development, less code, easy to learn, powerful, lightweight, easy to expand, Restful, small projects I will choose to use JFinal, very convenient.

2) IoC framework: a framework that can implement dependency injection / control inversion, for which the Spring framework was born.

3) ORM framework: object-relational mapping (Object Relational Mapping) automatically persists objects in object-oriented language programs to relational databases by using metadata that describes the mapping between objects and databases.

MyBatis is the most popular ORM framework at present, which can shield the underlying database operation details, reduce a lot of template code, and support distributed features.

In order to uniformly solve the problems of sub-database and sub-table, read-write separation and fault recovery at the service level, we need a kind of database middleware, and MyCat is the most famous one.

MyCat is a database middleware based on Java language and a server that implements MySQL protocol. Front-end users can regard it as a database agent, which can be accessed by MySQL client tools and command line. The back-end can use MySQL native protocol to communicate with multiple MySQL servers, or use JDBC protocol to communicate with most mainstream database servers. Its core function is to divide databases and tables. With the master-slave mode of the database, it can also achieve the separation of read and write, which is very powerful.

4) caching framework: caching is usually used to solve the access problem of hot data, which can improve the query efficiency of data, especially in highly concurrent services, loading persistent layer data into the cache can prevent the database from being destroyed by a large number of requests. The most frequently used caching framework is Redis, without one, and Memcached is relatively common.

Redis is the most widely used cache middleware in the field of Internet technology. it is a combination of bold letters in the three words of Remote DictionaryService. Don't tell me, it's natural to read it together.

Redis is famous for its high performance, perfect documentation and concise source code, which is used by many large Internet companies at home and abroad, such as Ali, Tencent, GitHub, Stack Overflow and so on. Its version is updated very quickly, and its functionality is becoming more and more powerful. It was originally used as a cache database, but now it can be used to implement message queues.

It can be said that mastering Redis has become a basic skill that Java back-end programmers must possess.

5) Database: the vast majority of business data need to be persisted and stored in the database, and the mainstream relational databases are MySQL and Oracle.

MySQL and Oracle are now owned by Oracle, which makes great products, as does CEO Larry Elson, who is close friends with Steve Jobs. Oracle is heavier than MySQL and belongs to enterprise application. While MySQL is open source and powerful, so the market share has soared to the first place in recent years, leaving Oracle two streets away.

The mainstream non-relational databases are MongoDB and HBase, the latter is mainly used in the database field.

MongoDB is a distributed file storage database designed to provide scalable high-performance data storage solutions for Web applications. It stores the data as a document (similar to a JSON object), and the data structure is made up of key-value pairs, similar to Map in Java, which is much more efficient to access through key, right? This is also the most important feature of MongoDB.

6) search framework: at present, the widely used open source software are Solr and Elasticsearch, which are mainly used for full-text retrieval and query of various data dimensions, and the latter has gradually become the mainstream open source scheme of search engines.

Elasticsearch is a distributed, RESTful-style search and data analysis engine that addresses the emerging use cases. As the core of Elastic Stack, it centrally stores your data and helps you discover unexpected and unexpected situations.

7) message queue: at present, the most commonly used message queues are Kafka based on log design and RabbitMQ with heavy transaction. If you are not particularly sensitive to message loss, choosing Kafka can achieve higher performance.

Kafka is written by Scala and Java to provide a unified, high throughput and low latency platform for processing real-time data. Its persistence layer is essentially a "large-scale publish / subscribe message queue according to the distributed transaction log architecture", making it valuable as an enterprise infrastructure to deal with streaming data.

The main features of RabbitMQ are robust, easy to use, high performance, high concurrency, easy to expand clusters, and strong open source community support.

8) File storage: file storage needs to meet the following characteristics: reliability, disaster tolerance, stability, can ensure that files are not easily lost, but also can provide a rollback scheme in the event of an accident. Hadoop's HDFS is the most commonly used distributed file storage scheme at present.

In addition, there is an open source lightweight distributed file system-FastDFS, which can solve the problems of large amount of data storage and load balancing. Especially suitable for small and medium-sized files (suggested range: 4KB < file_size

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