Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

I. Web page compression

Nginx's ngx http .gzip _ module compression module provides the function of compressing the file content, allowing the Nginx server to compress the output before sending it to the client, so as to save the website bandwidth and enhance the user's access experience. The corresponding compression function parameters can be added to the configuration file to optimize the compression performance.

Compression function parameters

Gzip on: enable gzip compression output gzip_ min_ length 1k: set the minimum number of bytes of pages allowed to be compressed gzip_ buffers 416k: apply for 4 units of 16k memory as the compression result stream cache. The default value is to apply for memory space of the same size as the original data to store the gzip compression result zip_ http_ version: used to set to identify the http protocol version. The default is 1.1.At present, most browsers support gzip decompression, but the processing is the slowest and consumes server CPU resources gzip_ _ comp_ level 2: used to specify gzip compression ratio, 1 compression ratio is the smallest and processing speed is the fastest 9 the compression ratio is the largest, the transmission speed is fast, but the processing speed is the slowest. Use the default gzip_ types text/plain: compression type, which enables the compression function for which web documents gzip_ vary on: option allows the front-end cache server to cache pages compressed by gzip

Compression example demonstration

Compile and install the Nginx service

Step 1: remotely obtain the source code package on Windows and mount it to Linux

[root@localhost] # smbclient-L / / 192.168.235.1Enter SAMBA\ root's password: Sharename Type Comment- LNMP Disk [root@localhost ~] # mkdir / abc [root@localhost ~] # mount.cifs / / 192.168.235.1/LNMP / abcPassword for root@//192.168.235.1/LNMP: [root @ localhost ~] # [root@localhost ~] # ls / abcDiscuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip nginx-1.12.0.tar.gzerror.png nginx-1.12.2.tar.gzgame.jpg php-7.1.10.tar.bz2mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz php-7.1.20.tar.gz

2. Decompress the source package and download components

[root@localhost ~] # cd / abc [root@localhost abc] # tar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz-C / opt [root@localhost abc] # ls / optnginx-1.12.0 rh [root@localhost abc] # cd / opt [root@localhost opt] # yum install-y\ > gcc\ / / C language > gcc-c++\ / / C++ language > pcre-devel\ / / pcre language tool > zlib -devel / / compressed function library

3. Create program users and configure Nginx service-related components

[root@localhost opt] # useradd-M-s / sbin/nologin nginx// Creator user nginx And limit its non-login terminal [root@localhost opt] # cd nginx-1.12.0/ [root@localhost nginx-1.12.0] #. / configure\ / configure nginx >-- prefix=/usr/local/nginx\ / / specify installation path >-- user=nginx\ / / specify user name >-- group=nginx\ / / specify the group to which the user belongs >-- with- Http_stub_status_module// installation status Statistics Module

4. Compile and install Nginx

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0] # make & & make install

5. Optimize the Nginx service startup script and establish a command soft connection

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0] # ln-s / usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx / usr/local/sbin/ create nginx service command soft link to system command [root@localhost nginx-1.12.0] # systemctl stop firewalld.service / / turn off firewall [root@localhost nginx-1.12.0] # setenforce 0bat / turn off enhanced security function [root@localhost nginx-1.12.0] # nginx/ / input Nginx enables the service [root@localhost nginx-1.12.0] # netstat-ntap | grep 80 / / View port 80 of the service Shows that tcp 0 0 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 01. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. master * LISTEN 7520/nginx:

6. Systemctl manages nginx scripts

[root@localhost ~] # vim / lib/systemd/system/nginx.service # # create a profile [Unit] Description=nginx # # describe After=network.target # # describe the service type [Service] Type=forking # # background running form PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid # # PID file location ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx # # start the service ExecReload=/usr/bin/kill-s HUP $MAINPID # # configure ExecStop=/usr/bin/kill-s QUIT $MAINPID # # according to PID overload to terminate the process PrivateTmp= true [install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [root@localhost ~] # chmod according to PID 754 / lib/systemd/system/nginx.service # # set execution permission [root@localhost ~] # systemctl stop nginx.service # # close nginx [root@localhost ~] # systemctl start nginx.service # # enable nginx

7. Modify Nginx.conf file

[root@localhost ~] # cd / usr/local/nginx/conf/ [root@localhost conf] # vim nginx.confgzip on;# use the x key to delete the pound sign note gzip_min_length 1kscape # compression threshold gzip_buffers 4 16k buffers size is 4 16k buffer size gzip _ http_version 1.1 gzip_comp_level version # compression ratio, minimum 1, fast processing but slow transmission; maximum 9, slow processing but fast transmission Set 6 here, which is relatively moderate to the type format type gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\. Supported by gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css image/jpg image/jpegimage/png image/gif application/xml text/javascript application/x-httpd-php application/javascript application/json;#; # configuration disables gzip condition and supports regular expressions, which means that gzipgzip_vary on;# is not enabled below ie6 and allows the front-end cache server to cache gzip-compressed pages

8. Put the picture in the Nginx page and copy the picture to the site directory

[root@localhost conf] # cd.. / html/ [root@localhost html] # cp / abc/game.jpg. / [root@localhost html] # ls50x.html game.jpg index.html

9. Modify the content of the home page of the site

[root@localhost html] # vim index.htmlWelcome to nginx!

# # add the image path [root@localhost html] # systemctl stop nginx.service [root@localhost html] # systemctl start nginx.service [root@localhost html] # systemctl stop firewalld.service [root@localhost html] # setenforce 0 under the H2 tag

10. Open a Win10 virtual machine to verify web image compression

Install the fiddler.exe package grab software in the client and open a browser to visit the 192.168.235.158 web page

Second, webpage caching time

When Nginx returns the web page data to the client, the caching time can be set to facilitate direct return when making requests for the same content in the future, avoid repeated requests, speed up the access speed for static web pages, and do not set caching time for dynamic web pages. You can use fiddler to view the web page caching time in the Windows client.

Setting method

You can modify the configuration file to add expired parameters for specific content in the http section, or the server section, or the location section

Example

Modify the configuration file of Nginx and add the expires parameter in the location section

Location. (gifjpgliepglpnglbmplico) ${root html;expires 1d

Web page caching time example demonstration

1. Copy the picture to the site directory

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.0] # ls / abcDiscuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip nginx-1.12.2.tar.gzgame.jpg php-7.1.10.tar.bz2mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz php-7.1.20.tar.gznginx-1.12.0.tar.gz [root@localhost nginx-1.12.0] # cp / abc/game.jpg / usr/local/nginx/ Html/ [root@localhost nginx-1.12.0] # cd / usr/local/nginx/html/ [root@localhost html] # ls50x.html game.jpg index.html

2. Modify the index.html page of Nginx

[root@localhost html] # vim index.htmlWelcome to nginx!

# # add an image path under the H2 tag

3. Modify the Nginx .conf file

[root@localhost html] # vim / usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confuser nginx nginx;## enter this line entry separately, specify the user nginx, specify the group nginx location ~\. (gif | jepg | jpg | ico | bmp | png) ${root html; expires 1d; # # the above image types are cached for one day} [root@localhost html] # systemctl stop nginx.service [root@localhost html] # systemctl start nginx.service

4. Open a Win10 virtual machine for verification

Install the fiddler.exe package grab software in the client and open a browser to visit the 192.168.235.158 web page

These are all the knowledge points of today, friends should keep in mind!

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