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This article mainly introduces the Python modularization and third-party module installation method related knowledge, the content is detailed and easy to understand, the operation is simple and fast, has a certain reference value, I believe that everyone after reading this Python modularization and third-party module installation method article will have a harvest, let's take a look.

Modular programming 1. What is a Modules?

The relationship between module and function A module can contain N functions

In Python, a file with a .py extension is a module.

The module contains classes, functions, and statements

A program project consists of N modules

Benefits of using modules:

Facilitate the import and use of other programs and scripts

Avoid function name and variable name conflict (the two modules have the same variable name does not conflict)

Improve the maintainability of the code

Improve the reusability of code

two。 Custom module

Create a module:

Create a new .py file with the same name as the standard module that comes with Python.

Import module:

First: import module name [as alias]

The second kind: from module name import function / variable / class

First kind

# the first import method: import mathprint (id (math)) print (type (math)) print (math) print (dir (math)) # View the attribute method print ('-') print (math.pi) print (math.pow) print (math.ceil (9.01) print (math.floor (9.999)) in math

The second kind

# the second import method imports only a portion of from math import piprint (pi) print (pow (2prim 3)) from math import powprint (pow (2prim 3)) specified in the module.

Similarly, it is the same way to import your own modules.

3. Execute in the form of a main program

Sometimes when we call the contents of other modules, because some statements are output in the definition of other modules, the output of the calling module will also be output when our current module outputs. At this time, we can add conditions to the output of the called module:

If _ _ name__=='__main__': pass

Pass will be executed only when this module is running in the main program

Packages in 4.python

Package: a hierarchical directory structure that organizes a set of modules with similar functions.

Function: code specification, avoid module name conflicts (different module names in different packages can be the same)

The difference between packages and directories:

The directory that contains the _ _ init__.py file is called a package

Directories usually do not contain _ _ init__.py files

Import of packages:

Import package name. Module name

Import pagekge.module_Aprint (pagekge.moudle_A.a) # calls a property or function of a module in a package import pagekge.module_A as mm # with the nickname print (mm.a)

Summary Note:

Only package or module names can be imported using the import start import method

Use from... Import import method can import packages, modules, functions, variables

Built-in modules commonly used in 5.Python

Import sysprint (sys.getsizeof (24)) print (sys.getsizeof (99)) print (sys.getsizeof (True)) print (sys.getsizeof (False)) import timeprint (time.time ()) # output second print (time.localtime (time.time () # output current time import urllib.request # print related to reptiles (urllib.request.urlopen ('http://www.baidu.com').read()) # read Baidu URL 6. Installation and use of third-party modules

The strength of Python is inseparable from the third-party module. There are a lot of people have written a lot of third-party modules to achieve a lot of functions, and we just need to install it to use it.

Installation

Pip install module name

Online installation mode

Take installing the schedule module as an example:

Step 1: windows logo + R brings up the window, type cmd, and click OK

Step 2: enter the name of the module to be installed by pip install+ and press enter

Step 3: enter python, enter into python interactive program, enter import + module name, enter enter, if no error is reported, the installation is successful!

Use

Import module name

Import scheduleimport timedef job (): print ('66666666') schedule.every (3) .seconds.do (job) while True: schedule.run_pending () # time to detect job is up or not time.sleep (1) this article on "Python modularization and third-party module installation methods" ends here, thank you for reading! I believe you all have a certain understanding of "Python modularization and third-party module installation methods". If you want to learn more, you are welcome to follow the industry information channel.

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