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This article is to share with you about the detailed use of python graphics development GUI library pyqt5 and the properties and methods of each control, the editor thinks it is very practical, so I share it with you to learn, I hope you can get something after reading this article, not to say much, follow the editor to have a look.

Import sysfrom PyQt5.QtGui import * from PyQt5.QtCore import * from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * class Demo (QWidget): def _ _ init__ (self): super (Demo) Self). _ _ init__ () # set main interface # set control # set layout # set signal def main (self): # slot function if _ _ name__ ='_ _ main__': app = QApplication (sys.argv) demo = Demo () demo.show () sys.exit (app.exec_ ())

Program startup screen

If _ _ name__ ='_ main__':app = QApplication (sys.argv) # original splash = QSplashScreen () splash.setPixmap (QPixmap ('images/splash.jpg')) splash.show () splash.showMessage (' string', Qt.AlignBottom | Qt.AlignCenter, Qt.white) demo = Demo () # original demo.show () # original splash.finish (demo) sys.exit (app.exec_ ()) # original

First, set up the main interface

Self.setWindowTitle ('title') # set the name of the form

Self.setWindowIcon ('path') # set the form icon

Self.resize (300,250) # change form size

Self.size () # get the size of the form

Self.width () # get the width of the form

Self.height () # get the height of the form

Self.setFixedWidth (int width) # set the width of the form

Self.setFixedHeight (int height) # set the height of the form

Self.setFixedSize (int width, int height) # set the size of the form

Self.setGeometry (int x, int y, int width, int height) # sets the window location

Self.frameGeometry () # get the size and position of the window

Self.move (int x, int y) # sets the location of the window

Self.pos () # get the coordinates of the upper left corner of the window

Self.setWindowFlags (QtCore.Qt.WindowMinimizeButtonHint) # disable maximize button

Self.setFixedSize (self.width (), self.height ()) # forbids stretching the window size

Second, set control 1, QMessageBox message box

1. Basic format

QMessageBox.information (QWidget, 'Title',' Content', buttons)

The first parameter is self, indicating that the information box belongs to our Demo window; the second parameter type is a string, filling in the title of the information box; the third parameter type is also a string, filling in the prompt content of the information box; and the last parameter is the button to be added to the information box. Use | to connect multiple buttons. The common types of buttons are as follows:

QMessageBox.Ok

QMessageBox.Yes

QMessageBox.No

QMessageBox.Close

QMessageBox.Cancel

QMessage.Open

QMessage.Save

2. Various types of boxes

QMessageBox.information message box QMessageBox.question question and answer box QMessageBox.warning warning box QMessageBox.critical error box QMessageBox.about about box

3. Interact with the message box

Choice = QMessageBox.question (self, 'Title',' Content', QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No) if choice = = QMessageBox.Yes: passelif choice = = QMessageBox.No:pass

2. Text edit box and text browse box

Instantiate a control

Self.text_edit = QTextEdit (self) # text edit box

Self.text_browser = QTextBrowser (self) # text browse box

Set signal

QTextEdittextChanged text has changed

Control method

QTextEditsetText ('Content') set text QTextEdittoPlainText () get text QTextEditsetTextColor (color) set text color QTextEditsetFont (font) set font

3. Various buttons

Both QPushButton,QToolButton,QRadioButton and QCheckBox inherit from the QAbstractButton class

Instantiate a control

Self.test_button = QPushButton ('Test', self) # instantiation button

Self.test_button = QPushButton ('& Download',self) # instantiate the button and set the shortcut key to Alt+D

Self.test_button = QToolButton (self) # tool button (text cannot be passed in initially)

Self.on_button = QRadioButton ('on', self) # radio button

Self.checkbox1 = three states of the QCheckBox ('Checkbox 1 check box, self) # check box: all selected, semi-selected, and unselected

Set signal

General Pressed triggers the signal when the mouse pointer is over the button and presses the left button. General Released triggers the signal when the left mouse button is released. General Clicked triggers the signal when the left mouse button is pressed and then released, or when the shortcut key is released. General Toggled triggers the signal QCheckBoxstateChanged check box when the marking state of the button changes.

Control method

General isDown () prompt button whether the general isChecked () prompt button has been marked whether the general isEnable () prompt button can be clicked by the user, whether the general isCheckAble () prompt button is a tagged generic setAutoRepeat () setting button, whether the user can automatically repeat the generic setShortcut ('Ctrl+D') setting button on time, whether the shortcut key QPushButtonsetCheckable (True) setting button has been selected, if setting True Indicates that the button will maintain the clicked and released state QPushButtontoggle () switch between button states QPushButtonsetIcon (QIcon ('button.png')) set icon QPushButtonsetEnabled () setting button can be used, when set to False, the button becomes unavailable, clicking it will not send a signal QPushButtonisChecked () to determine whether the button is marked, if so, return True If not, return the default state of the FalseQPushButtonsetDefault () setting button QPushButtonsetText ('text') set the display text of the button QPushButtontext () return the display text of the button QToolButtonsetArrowType (parameter 1) set the arrowhead type displayed on the button (parameter 2) set the style of button text and icon display QRadioButtonsetChecked (True) radio button set the check box to selected or unchecked QCheckBoxsetCheckState (Qt.Checked) check state Qt.Checked Unchecked state Qt.Unchecked and semi-selected state Qt.PartiallyCheckedQCheckBoxsetTristate (True) let a check box have three states QCheckBoxsetCheckState (Qt.PartiallyChecked) let a check box have three states QCheckBoxcheckState () get the status of the current check box The return value is int, 0 is unselected, 1 is semi-selected, and 2 is selected

Qt.NoArrow no arrow Qt.UpArrow up arrow Qt.DownArrow down arrow Qt.LeftArrow left arrow Qt.RightArrow right arrow

Qt.ToolButtonIconOnly displays icons only Qt.ToolButtonTextOnly displays text only Qt.ToolButtonTextBesideIcon text under icons Qt.ToolButtonTextUnderIcon text on top of icons Qt.ToolButtonFollowStyle unknown …

4. Label

Instantiate a control

Self.label = QLabel (self)

Control method

QLabelsetPixmap (QPixmap ('on.png')) sets the label QLabelsetAlignment (Qt.AlignCenter) sets the label alignment

5. Single-line text box

Instantiate a control

Self.lineedit = QLineEdit (self)

Control method

QLineEditsetFont (combobox.currentFont ()) set font QLineEditsetPlaceholderText () set text box display text QLineEditsetMaxLength () set text box maximum number of characters allowed to enter QLineEditsetReadOnly () set text to read-only QLineEditsetText () set text box content QLineEdittext () set text box content QLineEditsetDragEnable () set text box whether to accept dragging QLineEditselectAll () Select QLineEditsetFocus () to get focus QLineEditsetAlignment (parameter 1) align text QLineEditsetEchoMode with fixed value (Ref. Number 2) set the display format of the text box QLineEditsetValidator (parameter 3) set the validator of the text box (validation rules) Will restrict any possible input text QLineEditsetInputMask (parameter 4) to set the mask

Qt.AlignLeft horizontal alignment left alignment Qt.AlignRight horizontal alignment right alignment Qt.AlignCenter horizontal alignment Qt.AlignJustify horizontal adjustment spacing alignment Qt.AlignTop vertical alignment Qt.AlignBottom vertical alignment Qt.AlignVCenter vertical alignment

QLineEdit.Normal displays the characters entered normally, which is the default option QLineEdit.NoEcho does not display any input characters, is often used for password type input, and the length is confidential QLineEdit.Password displays the password mask characters related to the platform, rather than the actual input characters QLineEdit.PasswordEchoOnEdit displays characters when editing, and is responsible for displaying the input of password types

QIntValidator limits input integers QDoubleValidator restricts input floating-point numbers QRegexpValidator checks whether the input conforms to the regular expression

000.000.000.000 investors IP address, blank character is'_ 'HH:HH:HH:HH:HH:HH;MAC address 0000-00-00 date, white space character is space > AAAAA-AAAAA-AAAAA-AAAAA-AAAAA;# license number, white space character is' _', all letters are converted to uppercase

Set signal

As soon as the QLineEditselectionChanged selection changes, the signal will emit QLineEdittextChanged. When the text content is modified, the signal will emit QLineEditeditingFinished. When the editing text is finished, the signal will be emitted.

6. Drop-down selection box and digital adjustment box

Instantiate a control

Self.combobox_1 = QComboBox (self) # normal drop-down box (no content)

Self.combobox_2 = QFontComboBox (self) # Font drop-down box (font selection)

Self.spinbox = QSpinBox (self) # Digital adjustment box (default range 0-99)

Self.doublespinbox = QDoubleSpinBox (self) # floating point numeric adjustment box (default range 0.00-99.99)

Set signal

QComboBoxcurrentIndexChanged serial number changes QComboBoxcurrentTextChanged text changes QSpinBoxvalueChanged numbers change

Control method

QComboBoxaddItem (self.choice) add an option QComboBoxaddItems (self.choice_list) add multiple options QComboBoxcurrentIndex () get the current text serial number QComboBoxcurrentText () get the current text QComboBoxcurrentFont () get the current font QDoubleSpinBoxsetDecimals (int) set decimal places QSpinBoxsetRange (- 99,99) set range QSpinBoxsetSingleStep (1) set step size, that is, how many increments or decrements per click QSpinBoxsetValue (66) set the initial display value QSpinBoxvalue () get the value QSpinBoxsetValue (value) set the value of the adjustment box

7. Slide bar and knob

Instantiate a control

Self.slider_1 = QSlider (Qt.Horizontal, self) # horizontal slider

Self.slider_2 = QSlider (Qt.Vertical, self) # Vertical Slider

Self.dial = QDial (self) # knob

Set signal

QSlidervalueChanged value changes QDialvalueChanged changes dial value

Control method

QSlidersetRange (0,100) set range of slider QSlidersetMinimum (0) set minimum value QSlidersetMaximum (100) set maximum value QSlidervalue () get value QSlidersetValue (value) set value QDialsetFixedSize (100,100) size of fixed knob QDialsetRange (0,100) set dial value range QDialsetMinimum (0) set minimum value QDialsetMaximum (100) set maximum value QDialsetNotchesVisible (True) display scale

8. Timer and progress bar

Instantiate a control

Triggered when QTimertimeouttimer.start () ends

Control method

QTimerisActive () determines whether the timer is active QTimerstart (100) starts timer lasts 100ms QTimerstop () stops timer QTimersetSingleShot (True) only calls update_func () QProgressBarsetMinimum (0) sets minimum value QProgressBarsetMaximum (100) sets maximum value QProgressBarsetRange (0,100) sets range QProgressBarsetValue (value) sets progress bar current value QProgressBarreset () resets the value of progress bar

9. Digital display screen

Instantiate a control

Self.lcd = QLCDNumber (self) # Digital display screen

Control method

QLCDNumbersetDigitCount (10) sets the number of digits to display QLCDNumberdisplay (1234567890) displays digits QLCDNumbersetSegmentStyle (parameter 1) sets the display screen numeric style QLCDNumbersetSmallDecimalPoint (True) sets the display mode of the decimal point, if it is True, then occupies a place, if it is False, it will separately occupy QLCDNumberdisplay (0.123456789) display numbers QLCDNumberdisplay ('HELLO') display letters QLCDNumbersetMode (parameter 2) change the display mode of numbers

QLCDNumber.Outline0 makes the content float, its color is the same as the background color of the display screen QLCDNumber.Filled1 makes the content float, the color is the same as the window title color QLCDNumber.Flat2 makes the content flat display, the color is the same as the window title color

QLCDNumber.Hex0 hexadecimal QLCDNumber.Dec1 decimal QLCDNumber.Oct2 octal QLCDNumber.Bin3 binary

Setting layout 1. Instantiating layout

V_layout = QVBoxLayout () # Vertical layout

H_layout = QHBoxLayout () # horizontal layout

Form_layout = QFormLayout () # form layout

Grid_layout = QGridLayout () # Grid layout

2. Add placeholders to layout | controls | layout

Self.label.setAlignment (Qt.AlignCenter) # sets the centering mode

H_layout.addStretch (1) # set placeholder

V_layout.addWidget (self.user_label) # Vertical layout add Control

H_layout.addWidget (self.user_line) # horizontal layout add controls

All_v_layout.addLayout (v_layout) # Vertical layout add Vertical layout

All_h_layout.addLayout (h_layout) # horizontal layout add horizontal layout

Form_layout.addRow (self.user_label, self.user_line) # form layout add controls

Grid_layout.addWidget (self.user_label, 0,0,1,1) # Grid layout add controls

Grid_layout.addWidget (self.user_label, 0,0) # defaults to 1 row and 1 column

The addWidget () method of QGridLayout follows the following syntax:

AddWidget (widget, row, column, rowSpan, columnSpan)

Widget is the control to be added; row is the number of rows, 0 represents the first row; column is the number of columns, and 0 represents the first column; rowSpan indicates that you want the control to occupy several rows (the default row); columnSpan indicates that you want the control to occupy several columns (the default column).

3. Set as the final layout of the whole window

Self.setLayout (all_h_layout)

4. Various dialogs 1, color dialogs and font dialogs

Color = QColorDialog.getColor () # Color dialog box (hexadecimal values are saved in the color variable) if color.isValid (): # determine whether color is valid self.text_edit.setTextColor (color) font, ok = QFontDialog.getFont () # font dialog box if ok:self.text_edit.setFont (font)

2. Input dialog box

GetItem () get options from the drop-down box enter getInt () get integer value enter getDouble () get floating point value input getText () get string input getMultiLineText () get multi-line string input

Example:

Content, ok = QInputDialog.getText (self, 'title',' content')

Content, ok = QInputDialog.getInt (self, 'title',' content')

Content, ok = QInputDialog.getDouble (self, 'title',' content')

Content, ok = QInputDialog.getMultiLineText (self, 'title',' content')

Item, ok = QInputDialog.getItem (self, 'title',' content', list, 0, False)

The getItem (parent, str, str, iterable, int, bool) method needs to set several more parameters, the first three are the same as getText (), the fourth parameter is the option content to be added, the fifth parameter is the initially displayed option, and the last parameter is whether the option content is editable.

3. File dialog box

Path, _ = QFileDialog.getSaveFileName (self, 'title','. /', 'Excel Files (* .xlsx;*.xls);; All Files (*)') # choose to save the file

Path, _ = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName (self, 'title','. /', 'Excel Files (* .xlsx;*.xls);; All Files (*)') # Select a file

Path, _ = QFileDialog.getOpenFileNames (self, 'title','. /', 'Excel Files (* .xlsx;*.xls);; All Files (*)') # Select multiple files

Path, _ = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory (self, 'title','. /') # Select a folder

Parameters: specify the parent class, the title of the file dialog box, the path displayed when the dialog box opens, and the file extension filter

Set file extension filtering, separated by double semicolons.

'All Files (*); PDF Files (* .pdf);; Text Files (* .txt)'

5. Interface closing event

Def closeEvent (self, QCloseEvent): # close the event function if not self.saved: # if choice = QMessageBox.question (self,'','Do you want to save the text?') is not saved QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No | QMessageBox.Cancel) if choice = = QMessageBox.Yes: # if you need to continue saving self.saved_func () # call the function to save QCloseEvent.accept () # accept the close event elif choice = = QMessageBox.No: # if you don't need to continue saving QCloseEvent.accept () # accept the close event else: QCloseEvent.ignore () # ignore the close event

For more information on how to use the GUI library pyqt5 for python graphics development, please see the relevant links below

The above is about the detailed use of python graphics development GUI library pyqt5 and the properties and methods of each control, and comprehensively introduces the programming technology, operating system, database, web front-end technology and so on.

Type name

Control type signal description control type method description control type signal description control type method description parameter 1 arrow property

Parameter 2 style

Control type method description control type method description parameter 1 function

Parameter 2 function

Parameter 3 function

Parameter 4 function

Control type signal description control type signal description control type method description control type method description parameter 1 value description parameter 2 value description method usage

The above is the detailed use of python graphics development GUI library pyqt5 and the properties and methods of each control. The editor believes that there are some knowledge points that we may see or use in our daily work. I hope you can learn more from this article. For more details, please follow the industry information channel.

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