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The content of this article mainly focuses on how to understand the basic structure of Linux. The content of the article is clear and clear. It is very suitable for beginners to learn and is worth reading. Interested friends can follow the editor to read together. I hope you can get something through this article!

To use Linux, you need to be familiar with the directory structure of Linux. Unlike the windows system, there is no difference between C disk and D disk, instead of file drive letters. Let's take a look at it.

/: cd to "/", which means going to the root directory.

The purpose of each directory is as follows:

Bin: this directory holds the necessary execution commands for the system.

Boot: the core file needed to start Linux. The image file is installed here.

Dev: external device storage directory

Etc: system configuration fil

Home: home directory for ordinary users. Each user will have a file under this directory, named after the user account name.

Lib: a shared library, which is used by almost all programs to start

Lost+found: when the file system is inconsistent due to software or hardware errors, it is also possible to put the problematic files into the lost+found directory

Media: Mount the USB disk, CD-ROM drive and other devices to the entire directory,

Misc: files or directories with unclear purpose or meaning can be stored in this directory.

Mnt: allows users to mount other file systems temporarily

Opt: the directory where the software is installed. JDK, for example, is empty by default.

Proc: this directory is a virtual directory where you can get system information.

Root: this directory is the system administrator, also known as the super-privileged user home directory.

Sbin: the system management program used by the system administrator.

Selinux: security mechanism, similar to windows's firewall

Srv:service abbreviation, this directory stores some of the data that needs to be extracted after the service is started.

Sys: this is a big change in the linux2.6 kernel. A new filesystem sysfs in the 2.6 kernel is installed in this directory.

Tmp: this directory is used to store some temporary files.

Usr: this is a very important directory where many of your applications and files are placed, similar to the program files directory under windows.

Var: there are things that are constantly expanding in this directory, and we are used to putting directories that are often modified in this directory. Including various log files.

Black standard black directory, need to pay close attention to.

Fixed IP address (this operation is optional, if the IP address changes frequently, it can be fixed)

1. View the network editor

2. Modify the IP address

3. Check the gateway, and the network segment should correspond!

4. Configure IP address

① to view the current basic syntax of ip:

[root@hadoop102 /] # ifconfig

Enter ② in the terminal command window

[root@hadoop102 /] # vim / etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

Go to the following page, delete the eth0 line, change eth2 to eth0, and copy the physical address

5. Modify the IP address

[root@hadoop104 /] # vim / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

There are 5 items that need to be modified:

IPADDR=192.168.11.106

GATEWAY=192.168.11.2

ONBOOT=yes

BOOTPROTO=static

DNS1=8.8.8.8

Before modification:

After modification:

Then: wq save exit.

6. Execute service network restart

7. Error is reported and reboot is restarted.

A fixed IP address is not a necessary step, as long as there are three servers and the ip address is stable.

What is Linux system Linux is a free-to-use and free-spread UNIX-like operating system, is a POSIX-based multi-user, multi-task, multi-threaded and multi-CPU operating system, using Linux can run major Unix tools, applications and network protocols.

Thank you for your reading. I believe you have some understanding of "how to understand the basic structure of Linux". Go ahead and practice it. If you want to know more about it, you can follow the website! The editor will continue to bring you better articles!

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