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This article mainly introduces what the components formed by integrating cpu on a chip are in the computer. It is very detailed and has certain reference value. Friends who are interested must read it.

The components formed by integrating cpu on a chip are called microprocessors. Microprocessors are central processors composed of one or a few large-scale integrated circuits, which perform the functions of control components and arithmetic logic components.

The components formed by integrating CPU on a chip are called microprocessors.

A central processing unit consisting of one or a few large-scale integrated circuits. These circuits perform the functions of the control unit and the arithmetic logic unit.

The microprocessor can complete the operations such as fetching instructions, executing instructions, and exchanging information with external memory and logic components, so it is the operation control part of the microcomputer. It can form a microcomputer with memory and peripheral circuit chips.

Microprocessor (English: Microprocessor, abbreviation: μ P or uP) is a programmable special integrated circuit. A processor whose components are miniaturized into one or more integrated circuits. An integrated circuit that accepts an encoding instruction at one or more ends, executes the instruction and outputs a signal describing its state. These instructions can be entered, centralized, or stored internally. Also known as semiconductor central processing unit (CPU), is a major component of a microcomputer. The components of microprocessors are often installed on a single chip or in the same component, but sometimes distributed on different chips. In a microcomputer with a fixed instruction set, the microprocessor consists of an arithmetic logic unit and a control logic unit. In a microcomputer with a microprogram controlled instruction set, it contains an additional control storage unit [1]. When used to process general-purpose data, it is called the central processing unit. This is also the best known application (such as: AMD Ryzen CPU); dedicated to image data processing, called Graphics Processing Unit graphics processor (such as Nvidia GeForce 30X0 GPU); for audio data processing, called Audio Processing Unit audio processing unit (such as Creative emu10k1 APU) and so on. From a physical point of view, it is a semiconductor integrated circuit chip that integrates a large number of micro transistors and other electronic components.

It is called a microprocessor not only because it is smaller than the processor used in a mini-computer. The main difference is that the manufacturing process of the major chip manufacturers has entered a stage of 1 micron scale. For processor chips produced on a micron scale, manufacturers will use the word "micro" on the product name to demonstrate their own technology. As in many commercial advertisements today, the word "nanometer" often appears.

Long before the advent of microprocessors, the central processing unit of electronic computers experienced several important stages from vacuum tubes to transistors and then discrete TTL integrated circuits. Even before electronic computers, there were mechanical computers based on gears, axles and levers. Leonardo da Vinci, a famous Renaissance painter and scientist, made a similar design, but the backward manufacturing technology of that era simply did not have the ability to put it into practice. The invention of microprocessors made it possible for complex circuit groups to be made into single electronic components.

Since the early 1970s, the improvement of microprocessor performance has basically followed the famous Moore's Law in the IT world. This means that CPU's computing power has doubled every 18 months for more than 30 years. From supercomputers to notebook computers, the continuous rapid development of microprocessors has replaced many other forms of computing and become the source of computing power for all computer systems in all categories and fields.

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