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Object-Oriented Technology and UML

Classic software engineering thinking divides software development into five phases:

Requirements Capture Phase

System Analysis and Design Phase

System Implementation Phase

Testing phase

Maintenance phase

UML (Unified Modeling Language) is an object-oriented standard modeling language. Its main function is to help users describe and model software system object-oriented (modeling is the process of mapping user's business requirements into codes to ensure that codes meet these requirements and can easily trace requirements). It can describe the whole process of software development from requirement analysis to implementation and testing.

The definition of UML in object-oriented technology and UML includes UML semantics and UML notation. It can be defined by the following five types of diagrams:

Use Case Diagram, describing system functions from the user's point of view and indicating the operators of each function.

Static diagram, including class diagram, object diagram and package diagram.

Behavior diagram, describing the interaction between the dynamic model of the system and the constituent objects, including state diagram and activity diagram.

Interactivity diagram, describing the interaction relationship between objects, including sequence diagram and cooperation diagram.

Implementation diagram, including component diagram and configuration diagram.

Components of UML

It consists of View, Diagram, ModelElement and GeneralMechanism.

Modeling Mechanism of UML

Static and dynamic modeling mechanisms

Static modeling mechanisms include Use Case Diagram, Class Diagram, Object Diagram, Package, Component Diagram and Deployment Diagram.

Dynamic modeling mechanisms include Message, State Diagram, Sequence Diagram, Collaboration Diagram and Activity Diagram.

Basic views of object-oriented technology:

1) The objective world consists of objects, any objective entity is an object, and complex objects can be composed of simple objects.

2) Objects with the same data and operations can be grouped into classes, where an object is an instance of a class.

3) A class can be derived from a subclass, which can have its own characteristics in addition to inheriting all the characteristics of the parent class.

4) Connections between objects are maintained through messaging. Let's take a look at object-oriented technology and the core elements of object-orientation in UML.

Core object-oriented elements:

1) Object

Objects can be concrete, tangible things, or intangible things or concepts.

An object is an abstraction of something in the problem domain or implementation domain

An object is an entity that encapsulates data objects and actions

Objects in a system may have different representations at various stages of the software lifecycle

2) Encapsulation

Encapsulation is an important principle of object-oriented methods.

Its two meanings are: combination and information concealment

3) Message

A message is a service request to an object.

A message packet

Message passing mechanism.

Category 4)

A class is a collection of objects that have the same data structure and the same operations

A class is an abstraction of an object

All that actually exists in the objective world are objects, not classes.

5) Inheritance

Inheritance is the most important characteristic of object-oriented programming language different from other languages

Inheritance is the mechanism by which a subclass automatically owns all the properties and operations of its parent class

Parent (superclass)

Subclasses (derived classes)

Inheritance is divided into two categories: single inheritance and multiple inheritance

6) Polymorphism

The same operation on different objects can have different interpretations and produce different execution results.

Classification: Polymorphism at compile time versus polymorphism at run time

7) Structure and connection

General/special structure

Overall/partial structure

instance connection

Message connection. Let's take a look at object-oriented technology and UML's object-oriented hierarchy and analysis principles, processes.

object-oriented development language

1) Object-oriented modeling languages

2) Object-oriented programming languages

Hierarchy of object-oriented analysis

The object model usually consists of five levels:

1. Class and object layers

2. Attribute layer

3. Service layer

4. Structural layer

5. Theme layer

Basic process of object-oriented analysis

1. Discover objects and abstract the definition of classes from objects

2. Identify the internal characteristics of the object

3. Identify external relationships of objects.

4. Divide themes and create theme maps.

5. Define use cases and build interaction diagrams.

6. Establish detailed instructions.

7. Prototype development.

Basic principles of object-oriented analysis

abstract principles

classification principle

aggregation principle

principle of relevance

Message communication principles.

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