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The main content of this article is to explain "what is the original chain scalability UTXO model". Interested friends may wish to take a look. The method introduced in this paper is simple, fast and practical. Let's let the editor take you to learn "what is the original chain extensibility UTXO model?"

The user model is an important data structure that needs to be determined at the beginning of the original chain. The team's choice is focused on two typical model systems, the Account model and the UTXO model. Like most other block chain designs, choosing the model determines the important implementation of the protocol layer. The two models have their own advantages and disadvantages. Different block chains will judge the scene they want to focus on.

The Origin of UTXO (from the brilliant Satoshi Nakamoto)

Satoshi Nakamoto's design of Bitcoin has brought the whole world into the era of digital currency. Bitcoin originated from Satoshi Nakamoto, while UTXO comes from Bitcoin. Naturally, UTXO comes from the brilliant Satoshi Nakamoto. Advantages of UTXO:

In terms of version control, svn is a centralized database to keep a ledger, which is naturally contrary to the design of the blockchain. Git is a decentralized database, but it will store too much redundant data, which is definitely a big discount for distributed performance. The UTXO database is a git that gets rid of the historical baggage and stores only the last version. Simple and practical.

UTXO has a natural anonymous effect, an account corresponding to unspent transactions is difficult to find, such as Monroe currency is a mixed currency to achieve privacy.

In terms of performance, because UTXO is an independent data record, there is a great deal of parallelism that can improve the verification speed of blockchain transactions.

The ease of implementation of the design-abandoning the UTXO account model in Yi Tai Fang

Gavin Wood, the designer of the Yitaifang Yellow Book, has a deep understanding of UTXO. Since UTXO has so many advantages, why did he abandon UTXO? At this time, you should ask a question, what is the biggest highlight of Tai Fong? You are sure to answer: smart contract. It is precisely because of the consideration of smart contracts that it is difficult for Gavin Wood to implement Turing's complete intelligent contract (a versatile supercomputer) based on UTXO. On the other hand, the account model is naturally object-oriented, and every transaction is nonce++ on the corresponding account. The state of the world is introduced to make it easy to manage accounts, and every transaction changes the state of the world. This corresponds to the real world, and every small change will change the world.

Pursue higher performance

The account model of Ethernet Square easily implements the supercomputer model. However, performance has been an insurmountable hurdle. In terms of performance, utxo can naturally run in parallel, while the ethernet workshop based on the world state is difficult to expand. Gavin Wood recognizes this, of course, but it's hard to change. Then it would be better to use rust with functional programming characteristics to rewrite Ethernet Square, which is also a compromise.

Thinking of Biyuan chain

According to the law of negation of negation in Marxist philosophy, the development and change of things is spiraling up. In the field of blockchain is also suitable, a step forward, but also need to step back half a step. To implement a stack virtual machine based on UTXO model, it will still lose flexibility. It is extremely difficult and impractical to use UTXO to combine Ethernet EVM. It is like using Haskell language to achieve cpp style object-oriented programming, which does not have any practical significance. There is no silver bullet in the world, than the original chain must abandon the part, the compromise part can better adapt to the scene.

Under the premise of adopting Bitcoin UTXO's easy parallel computing model, we have also made targeted improvements by adding an asset number field so that different assets can handle transformations in the same transaction, as long as the total input equals the total output.

However, in order to make the data easy to manage and program, we introduce the concept of the world state of Etay Fang, each asset maintains a global world state, which is quick to find, unchangeable, simple and easy to provide proof. Its implementation will refer to the PAT tree of Ethernet Square (an extended cardinality tree), the merkle tree of Bitcoin, and the IAVL tree of cosmos (an immutable balanced binary tree). All outputs of each asset will have an index count in a global UTXO database (the count of each output cannot exceed 1, and when parallel computing is maintained, an output can be used by at most one BVM instance, ensuring data consistency). BVM is an intelligent contract virtual machine model implemented by the original chain. The execution of each transaction will instantiate a BVM instance. Only in the BVM instance can the world state of each asset be updated on the premise of validity and consistency. BVM can create multiple "contract sandboxie" instances in parallel, and the operation of the contract in sandboxie is not affected by the outside world.

The original intention of Biyuan chain is to solve the problem of registration and transfer of digital assets. For public chain projects, keeping concise, efficient and focused is to ensure security. The new extended UTXO model is based on this scenario to achieve fusion and improvement.

At this point, I believe you have a deeper understanding of "what is the extensibility UTXO model than the original chain". You might as well do it in practice. Here is the website, more related content can enter the relevant channels to inquire, follow us, continue to learn!

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