Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

UNIX system has been developed for nearly 30 years since Ken ThompsonKen Thompson and Dennis RitchieDennis Ritchie were developed in Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1969. However, the strange word that can not be found in the dictionary of "UNIX" is actually a homophonic word produced by teasing the MULTICS (MULTiplexed Information and Computing System) operating system.

In October 1957, the former Soviet Union launched the first man-made satellite, which made the then US President Ethan Howell decide to invest a huge amount of money to support and develop science. It was in this time and space that the United States Advanced Research projects Agency (ARPA, Advanced Research Projects Agency) was set up. The unit was responsible for promoting system development and other related programs, and became an important driving force in the development of electronic calculators in the United States at that time.

The 1960s was the era of the development of mainframe computers. Massachusetts Institute of Technology enjoyed a high position in the field of electronic calculators because it was the first to implement compatible time-sharing systems (CTSS, Compatible Time-Sharing System). In 1963, J. C. R. Licklider of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology promoted the MAC project. MAC, based on IBM mainframe computers, connected nearly 160 terminals scattered across the school district and faculty homes, allowing 30 users to share computer resources at the same time. The project was overwhelmed by 1965, so MIT decided to develop a larger time-sharing computer system. The new plan is MULTICS. A time-sharing computer system, the largest time-sharing computer system in computer history, attempts to connect 1000 terminals and support a time-sharing computer system with 300 users online at the same time. What she faces is the dual challenge that the time-sharing concept of the operating system is still being explored and shaped by various academic and research institutions, and that computer hardware needs to be redesigned.

At the time, MIT was looking for IBM to cooperate with the project, but IBM was too busy dealing with his own problems to cooperate with MULTICS. At this time, General Electronics (General Electric Company), or Strange, was developing its own mainframe, and seeing that the opportunity was not lost, it strongly invited MIT to participate in the specification of their GE 645mainframe. With strangely enthusiastic and proactive computer hardware, MIT found the talented Bell telephone Lab, which could not sell computers, to be responsible for contracting software projects. As a result, MULTICS's plan was developed jointly by three members, MIT, Strange and Bell telephone Laboratories, in 1965.

In 1969, after four years of struggle, the MULTICS project still failed to meet the original planning and design, and Bell telephone Labs decided to withdraw from the project. The MULTICS, which is not up to the original design, is still installed on Strange's GE 645mainframe computer for use by MIT. Strange faded out of the mainframe computer market less than a year after the project was hastily completed. In the future, the MULTICS project was ridiculed as Many Unnecessarily Large Table In Core Simultaneously.

Farmer I personally believe that the MULTICS project was born in 1965, when mainframe computers were about to start booming, and died in 1969, the most brilliant year for mainframe computers. If she succeeds in the late 1960s, she can definitely promote the "computer utility" that was widely regarded as ideal by computer pundits at that time. At the very least, the application model of mainframe computer development and resource concentration will not shrink rapidly in the early 1970s. Because if the MULTICS project is successful, it will at least make the use of mainframe computers at that time about 10 times larger. However, the MULTICS plan failed. She dealt a severe blow to the confidence of computer utilities who relied on mainframe computers in their development at that time. What's more, due to the lack of similar plans, there is no significant improvement in the efficiency of centralized mainframe computers, and accelerate the transformation of the catalytic calculator industry to find a new way. On the other hand, the experience of the failure of the MULTICS project also gave valuable experience and positive influence to the software engineers who participated in the project at that time.

A few years later, the remarkable failure of the AT&T,MULTICS project resulted in a remarkable success. A teasing her name was born. UNIX .

1. The father of free software

Richard M. Stallman 1984 GNU Copyleft OpenSource Free GPL

Father of 2.Linux

Linus Torvalds Linus. Torvaz 1991 www.kernel.org

Linus God came to China on June 19, 2017, and the Linux Foundation announced the establishment of a formal branch in China.

What can 3.Linux do? Linux and our common Windows, are operating systems, but the difference is: Windows: paid, not open source, mainly used for daily office, games, entertainment more. Linux: free, open source, mainly used in the server field, stable performance, security. For example: Sina, Baidu, Taobao and other Internet companies, they all use Linux servers; 95% of the servers of the global top 500 enterprises use Linux systems. 4. What skills can be mastered after learning? After completing the Linux Cloud Computing architect course, students can master: website server operation and maintenance, database operation and maintenance, automated operation and maintenance technology; be able to solve various problems in the process of operation and maintenance, such as slow website access; have the ability of public cloud operation and maintenance for small and medium-sized companies, such as Aliyun and Amazon cloud Master the construction and operation and maintenance of private cloud platforms for medium and large companies, such as construction and operation and maintenance of JD.com private cloud platform; be able to develop various operation and maintenance tools using Shell scripts; be able to develop and operate basic operation and maintenance platforms using Python; 5. To what extent can you finish the course?

Be competent as middle and senior operation and maintenance engineer in medium and large companies such as Sina, Sohu and JD.com

Qualified as a public cloud operation and maintenance architect for small and medium-sized companies

Ability to independently build or maintain private cloud platforms for large and medium-sized companies as a cloud computing engineer

Able to engage in Linux operation and maintenance development and cloud computing development positions

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