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This article mainly introduces "what is the jmeter interface test process". In daily operation, I believe many people have doubts about what is the jmeter interface test process. Xiaobian consulted various materials and sorted out simple and easy to use operation methods. I hope to help you answer the doubts about "what is the jmeter interface test process"! Next, please follow the small series to learn together!

I. Introduction to Jmeter

Jmeter is a pure Java open source project developed by Apache, which can be used for interface testing and performance testing.

Jmeter is highly portable and can run across platforms.

Jmeter can implement distributed loads.

Jmeter is multithreaded, allowing concurrent sampling through multiple threads or simultaneous sampling of different functions through separate threads.

Jmeter is highly scalable.

II. Jmeter installation

1. Install JDK, must be JDK version 1.7 or above, recommended version 1.8

2. Enter the official website: jmeter.apache.org/download_jmeter.cgi to download the latest version of Jmeter, and extract it to a non-Chinese directory after downloading, such as D:\

3. Configure Jmeter environment variables.

(1)New variable: JMETER_HOME: D:\apache-jmeter-5.2.1

(2)Add the following variables to the front of the CLASSPATH variable: %JMETER_HOME%\lib\ext\ApacheJMeter_core.jar;%JMETER_HOME%\lib\jorphan.jar;

(3)Add the following variable to the beginning of PATH variable: %JMETER_HOME%\bin;

4. Enter D:\apache-jmeter-5.2.1\bin, double-click jmeter.bat, or enter jmeter command in dos window to open jmeter interface, installation is successful.

For true zero-base: install as follows:

Install jmeter under windows? How to install JMeter on Mac? So Easy! Write to jmeter entry friends!

III. Set Jmeter language to Chinese environment

1. Temporary settings

Jmeter Menu Bar Select OptionsàChoose LanguageàEnglish (Simplified)

This method, after restarting the software and into the English environment.

2. Permanent settings

Enter apache-jmeter-5.2.1\bin directory, find "jmeter.properties" file, add "language=zh_CN" after line 37 of the file, save it and then open jmeter to permanently change into Chinese environment.

IV. Main components of Jmeter

Test plan: It is the starting point for testing with JMeter and a container for other JMeter test components.

Thread group: represents a certain number of users, which can be used to simulate users sending requests concurrently. The actual request content is defined in the Sampler, which is contained by the thread group.

Configuration element: Maintain the configuration information required by Sampler and modify the requested content according to actual needs.

Preprocessor: responsible for working before the request, often used to modify the request settings

Timer: responsible for defining the delay interval between requests.

6. Sampler: It is the smallest unit for sending requests to the server and recording response information and response time in performance tests, such as HTTP Request Sampler, FTP Request Sample, TCP Request Sample, JDBC Request Sampler, etc. Each different type of sampler can send different types of requests to the server according to the set parameters.

Post-processor: responsible for working after the request, often getting the returned value.

Assertion: Used to determine whether the result of the request response is as expected by the user.

Monitor: responsible for collecting test results and determining how the results are displayed.

Logic controller: You can customize the behavior logic of JMeter sending requests, which can be used in combination with Sampler to simulate complex request sequences.

V. Scope and execution order of Jmeter components

1. Component scope

Configure Components: Affects all components within its scope.

Preprocessor: Executes before each sampler element in its range.

Timer: Every sampler in its range is active

Postprocessor: Executes after each sampler element in its range.

Assertion: Check the result of each sampler element executed within its scope.

Monitor: Information collected and presented for each sampler element within its range.

Summary: Determine the scope of each component from its hierarchy.

2. Component execution sequence:

Configuration Components-> Preprocessor-> Timer-> Sampler-> Postprocessor-> Assertion-> Listeners

Notes:

1. Components such as preprocessors, postprocessors, and predicates can only work on samplers, so they won't be executed if there aren't any samplers in their scope.

2. If there are multiple components of the same type in the same scope, they are executed sequentially in the order in which they appear in the test plan.

VI. Jmeter interface test flow

The basic steps for interface testing with Jmeter are as follows:

1. test plan

2. thread group

3. HTTP Cookie Manager

4. Http Request Default

Sampler (HTTP request)

6. assertion

7. Listeners (view result trees, graphical results, aggregate reports, etc.)

VII. Detailed explanation of Jmeter interface test process steps

1. Test plan

Open Jmeter and "Test Plan" appears on the left side of the menu. Here we can understand the test plan as a new blank project, under which a series of interfaces can be added.

2. Thread group

Add Method: Right-click Test Plan-> Add-> Thread (User)-> Thread Group.

Component Description: A thread group can be seen as a virtual user group, and each thread in the thread group can be understood as a virtual user.

(1)Number of threads: that is, the number of virtual users. Set the number of threads, that is, set the number of virtual users

(2)Ramp-Up time (seconds): Set the time for all virtual users to start. If the number of threads is 20 and the preparation time is 10 seconds, it takes 10 seconds to start 20 threads. That means an average of 2 threads per second.

(3)Number of cycles: Number of requests sent per thread. If the number of threads is 20 and the number of cycles is 10, then each thread sends 10 requests. The total number of requests is 20*10=200. If "Always" is checked, all threads will continue sending requests until either the Stop button on the toolbar is manually clicked or the thread time set expires.

HTTP Cookie Manager

Add Method: Right Thread Group-> Add-> Configuration Component->HTTP Cookie Manager.

HTTP Cookie manager can store and send cookies like a browser, if you want to send an http request with cookies, cookie manager will automatically store the request cookies, and later if you send http requests from homologous sites, you can use this cookie.

4. HTTP Request Default

Add Method: Right Thread Group-> Add-> Configuration Component->HTTP Request Default.

Component Description: HTTP request default value is set for convenience of filling in subsequent content. Mainly fill in [server name or IP] and [port number], and you don't have to fill in IP address and port number every time in subsequent HTTP requests.

5. HTTP request

Add Method: Right Thread Group-> Add->Sampler->HTTP Request.

Component description: HTTP request includes interface request method, request path and request parameters.

HTTP Request Details

(1)Name: This property is used to identify a sampler. A meaningful name is recommended.

(2)Comments: Does not have any effect on the test, only the user records user-readable comment information.

(3)Server name or IP: The name or IP address of the server to which the HTTP request is sent.

(4)Port Number: The port number of the target server, default is 80.

(5)Protocol: The protocol used to send HTTP requests to the target server, either HTTP or HTTPS. The default value is http.

(6)Method: The method of sending HTTP request, available methods include GET, POST, HEAD, PUT, TRACE, OPTIONS, Delete, etc.

(7)Path: Destination URL path (excluding server address and port)

(8)Content encoding: encoding method of content, default value is iso8859

(9)Automatic redirection: If this option is checked, JMeter automatically redirects to a new page when the HTTP request gets a 302/301 response.

(10)Use keep Alive: Keep alive between jmeter and target server, selected by default

(11)Use multipart/from-data for Post: When sending a POST request, use the multipart/from-data method to send, unchecked by default.

(12)Send parameters with request: Send URL parameters in the request, jmeter provides a simple way to parameterize URLs with parameters. Users can set all parameters in URL in this table, each row in the table is a parameter value pair (corresponding to name 1= value 1 in RUL).

6. Responding to assertions

Add Method: Right HTTP Request-> Add-> Sampler->HTTP Request.

Component Description: Check whether the interface is accessed successfully. If the check fails, it will prompt that the content of the assertion cannot be found, and if there is no prompt, it means success.

Apply to

Generally, a request only triggers one request, so check "main sample only"; if a request can trigger multiple server requests, there are main sample and sub-sample.

(1)Main sample and sub-samples: Apply to main request and sub-request

(2)Main sample only: only applies to the main request

(3)Sub-samples only: only applies to child requests

(4)Jmeter Variable: acts on jmeter variable (enter jmeter variable name in input box)

test field

Response text (matches the returned json data), response code (matches the return code: e.g. 200, 404, 500, etc.), response information (matches the response information such as "OK"), response header (matches the response header), request header (matches the request header), URL sample (matches the url link of the request, if there is a redirect, include the request url and redirect url),[document (text)](matches the text form of the response data), ignore status (a request has multiple response assertions, the first response assertion checks this item, when the first response assertion fails, you can ignore this response result and proceed to the next assertion. If the next assertion succeeds, the transaction is still determined to be successful), request data (matching request data)

pattern matching rule

Including: The response content contains the content that needs to be matched, that is, the response is successful, and regular expressions are supported.

Match: The content of the response needs to match exactly, which means the response is successful, case-insensitive, and supports regular expressions.

String: The response content contains matching content to represent a successful response, case-sensitive, regular expressions are not supported

Equal: The response content must be exactly equal to the content that needs to be matched to represent a successful response, case-sensitive, regular expressions are not supported

No: equivalent to negation, if the result is true, check no is false

Or: If you don't want to use AND concatenation (all patterns must match for an assertion to succeed), use the OR option to OR concatenate multiple assertion patterns (as long as one pattern matches, the assertion is successful)

test mode

It's actually data for assertions. Click the Add button to enter the data to assert.

7. Add a monitor

Add Method: Thread Group-> Right-click Add-> Listeners-> View Result Tree. Graphical results and aggregate reports are generally added.

Component Description: displays the access results of interfaces in tree form, including request results, request contents, and server response contents.

At this point, the study of "how the jmeter interface test process is" is over, hoping to solve everyone's doubts. Theory and practice can better match to help everyone learn, go and try it! If you want to continue learning more relevant knowledge, please continue to pay attention to the website, Xiaobian will continue to strive to bring more practical articles for everyone!

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