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This article mainly explains "what are the characteristics of the core components used in the third generation computer". The content of the explanation in the article is simple and clear, and it is easy to learn and understand. let's study and learn "what are the characteristics of the core components used in the third generation computer"?

The core components of the third generation computer are small and medium-sized integrated circuits; the third generation computer is the third generation integrated circuit computer, which is characterized by the use of small and medium-sized integrated circuits to form the main functional components of the computer; the main memory uses semiconductor memory.

Operating environment of this article: Windows7 system, DELL G3 computer

What are the core components of the third generation computer?

The core components of the third generation computers are small and medium-sized integrated circuits.

The third generation computer is the third generation integrated circuit computer (1964-1971). It is characterized by the use of small and medium-sized integrated circuits (less than a thousand logic gates integrated on each chip) (SSI, MSI) to form the main functional components of the computer, and the main memory uses semiconductor memory. The operation speed can reach hundreds of thousands to millions of basic operations per second. In terms of software, the operating system is becoming more and more perfect.

Features

The main functional components of the computer are composed of small-scale integrated circuits (hundreds to thousands of logic gates per chip) LSI (Large-Scale Integration). Integrated circuits are logic circuits formed by concentrating multiple electronic components on a substrate of a few square millimeters. The basic electronic components of the third generation computer are small-scale integrated circuits with several to more than ten electronic components (logic gates) integrated on each substrate and medium-scale integrated circuits with dozens of components on each chip.

The further development of computer software technology, especially the gradual maturity of the operating system, is a remarkable feature of the third generation computer. The development of multiprocessors, virtual memory systems and user-oriented application software has greatly enriched computer software resources. In order to make full use of the existing software and solve the problem of software compatibility, serialized computers have emerged. The most influential one is the IBM-360 computer series developed by IBM Company.

Another feature of this period is the application of minicomputers. PDP- 8, PDP-11 series and later VAX-11 series developed by DEC Company have all played a great role in the promotion of computers. It is characterized by the use of transistors instead of electronic tubes, a large number of magnetic cores as internal memory, magnetic disks and magnetic tapes as external memory, reduced size, reduced power consumption, and operation speed increased to hundreds of thousands of basic operations per second. The memory capacity is expanded to hundreds of thousands of words.

When the computer language develops to the third generation, it enters the language stage of "facing human beings". The third generation language is also called "high-level language". High-level language is a programming language that is close to people's habits. It allows calculation programs to be written in English to solve problems, and the operation symbols and expressions used in the programs are similar to the mathematical formulas we use every day. High-level language is easy to learn, versatile, the program written is relatively short, easy to promote and communicate, so it is an ideal programming language. High-level languages developed from the mid-1950s to the 1970s, some popular high-level languages have been adopted by most computer manufacturers, such as BASIC (there are no less than 128 different BASIC languages in popularity, of course, their basic features are the same). In addition to BASIC, there are more than 250 high-level languages, such as FORTRAN (Formula Translation), COBOL (General Business language), C, DL/I, PASCAC, ADA and so on.

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