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CentOS 7 how to install PXE server, many novices are not very clear about this, in order to help you solve this problem, the following editor will explain in detail for you, people with this need can come to learn, I hope you can gain something.

The first step

Test whether you have Internet access: ping www.baidu.com

Update yum warehouse source: yum repolist

Step two

Install dhcpd, tftp, syslinux, wget, and vsftpd

Enter yum install-y dhcp tftp tftp-server syslinux wget vsftpd

Step three

Turn off SELinux and firewall

Manually modify / etc/selinux/config to ensure SELINUX=permissive

Setenforce 0

Systemctl disable firewalld

Systemctl stop firewalld

Poweroff

The fourth step

Set the virtual machine's network adapter to "host mode" vmnet0 in VMWARE

Edit, virtual network editor, vmnet0, uncheck, that is, local dhcp servers are not allowed to assign ip

Step five

At this time, there is no need to surf the Internet, so you can set the IP address for CentOS 7 at will.

Nmcli con show

Nmcli con modi ens32 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.1/24

# my Nic interface id is ens32. So set its IP to 192.168.1.1

Nmcli con up ens32

Nmcli con show

Ip a

# confirm that 192.168.1.1 has been successfully set

Step six

Set up the dhcp server

Vim / etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

Ensure that the configuration file is as follows:

Ddns-update-style interim

Ignore client-updates

Authoritative

Allow booting

Allow bootp

Allow unknown-clients

# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.

Subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0

{

Range 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.253

Option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1

Option domain-name "server1.example.com"

Option routers 192.168.1.1

Option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255

Default-lease-time 600

Max-lease-time 7200

# PXE SERVER IP

Next-server 192.168.1.1; # DHCP server ip

Filename "pxelinux.0"

}

At this point, the pxelinux.0 referred to in the filename above has not yet been deployed. Eventually its location is / tftpboot/pxelinux.0, but don't use the path here, just use that name. Each line above ends with a semicolon (;).

Step 7

Configure the TFTP server for xinetd, leaving the tftp service to xinetd to manage

Vim / etc/xinetd.d/tftp

/ etc/xinetd.d/tftp is as follows:

Service tftp

{

Socket_type = dgram

Protocol = udp

Wait = yes

User = root

Server = / usr/sbin/in.tftpd

Server_args =-s / tftpboot

Disable = no

Per_source = 11

Cps = 100 2

Flags = IPv4

}

We are going to move the location of the tftp service to / tftpboot, and there will be a program that still thinks its path is in / var/lib/tftpboot, so change it back.

Vim / usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.service

ExecStart=/usr/sbin/in.tftpd-s / var/lib/tftpboot

Modified to: ExecStart=/usr/sbin/in.tftpd-s / tftpboot

Look, only in this way can we be consistent with the corresponding content in / etc/xinetd.d/tftp

Step 8

Set up the TFTP server network startup file. The first step is to create a path / tftpboot

Mkdir / tftpboot

Chmod 777 / tftpboot

Cp-v / usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 / tftpboot

Cp-v / usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 / tftpboot

Cp-v / usr/share/syslinux/memdisk / tftpboot

Cp-v / usr/share/syslinux/mboot.c32 / tftpboot

Cp-v / usr/share/syslinux/chain.c32 / tftpboot

Create two more paths:

Mkdir / tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg

Mkdir / tftpboot/netboot/

Step 9

Publish the ISO file of CentOS to the folder of FTP. To do this, you must have an ISO file for CentOS 7. I want to mount it to the virtual machine in the form of a virtual CD

Click the CD icon at the bottom right of the screen and select "Connect to Host" in the short menu.

Lsblk

Check the path where the CD is mounted, such as sr0 / run/media/root/CentOS 7 x86x64

Mkdir-p / var/ftp/pub

Cp-r / run/media/root/'CentOS 7 x86 "64" Universe * / var/ftp/pub

"CentOS 7 x86x64" should be enclosed in quotation marks, otherwise it will make an error.

Cp-r / run/media/root/CentOS 7\ x8631 / var/ftp/pub *

Step 10

Copy the image files you need to use at startup to the directory location

Cp / var/ftp/pub/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz / tftpboot/netboot/

Cp / var/ftp/pub/images/pxeboot/initrd.img / tftpboot/netboot/

Step 11

Create a kickstart, the unattended installation file, named ks.cfg

Vim / var/ftp/pub/ks.cfg

Its contents are as follows:

# platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T

# version=DEVEL

# Firewall configuration

Firewall-disabled

# Install OS instead of upgrade

Install

# Use NFS installation media

Url-url= "ftp://192.168.1.1/pub/"

Rootpw-plaintext 123456

# set the password for root to 123456

# Use graphical install

Graphical

Firstboot disable

# System keyboard

Keyboard us

# System language

Lang en_US

# SELinux configuration

Selinux disabled

# Installation logging level

Logging level=info

# System timezone

Timezone Asia/Shanghai

# System bootloader configuration

Bootloader location=mbr

Clearpart-all-initlabel

Part swap-asprimary-fstype= "swap"-size=1024

Part / boot-fstype xfs-size=200

Part pv.01-size=1-grow

Volgroup rootvg01 pv.01

Logvol /-- fstype xfs-- name=lv01-- vgname=rootvg01-- size=1-- grow

% packages

@ core

Wget

% end

% post

% end

After saving, use ksvalidator to check for syntax errors

Ksvalidator / var/ftp/pub/ks.cfg

Step 12

Create a pxe menu

Vim / tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default

The default is as follows:

Default menu.c32

Prompt 0

Timeout 30

MENU TITLE Togogo.net Linux Training

LABEL centos7_x64

MENU LABEL CentOS 7 X64

KERNEL / netboot/vmlinuz

APPEND initrd=/netboot/initrd.img inst.repo= ftp://192.168.1.1/pub ks= ftp://192.168.1.1/pub/ks.cfg

The last APPEND is written on one line, and don't break the line in the middle.

Step 13

Systemctl enable dhcpd

Systemctl enable tftp

Systemctl enable vsftpd

Set the above services to boot automatically

Systemctl restart vsftpd

Systemctl restart dhcpd

Systemctl restart tftp

Restart the above services

Verification

Create a new virtual machine in VMware to act as a client for authenticating the PXE server. Set the network connection of its network adapter to Host Mode

Then start the virtual machine. As a result, we can see that this virtual machine can install CentOS Linux's Minimal without human intervention, that is, minimize installation

The difficulty that may be encountered in this process is to put the PXE client and the PXE server on the same network segment. If we surf the Internet at home, the IP address of the physical network card may be 192.168.1.X, then we can follow the above steps completely.

If the IP address of the physical network card is 192.168.0.X, or something else, manually modify the IP of the network card to change it to 192.168.1.X. Because the bridge setting of VMware will allow the "PXE client" to obtain the IP address of the 192.168.1.0 IP 24 network segment, which is exactly the same as the "PXE server"

Summary of error situation

1. Yum installation is not successful

The first step of yum installation, did not succeed, but ignored it. It is possible that: 1) another warehouse exists in the / etc/yum.repos.d directory and cannot be used. It needs to be disable or deleted. 2) unable to surf the Internet. Ping www.baidu.com shows that the target cannot be found.

Yum repolist

2. The IP address 192.168.1.1 of the PXE server is not modified.

10.xx.xxx.xx

3. / var/ftp/pub/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz and initrd.img are not copied to / tftpboot/netboot

4. / tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default content is incomplete

5. / SELINUX=disable in etc/selinux/config, the correct one should be disabled

6. Vsftpd configuration does not allow anonymous login, which makes the client unable to download the required installation files.

7. Not set to "bridging mode"

8. ISO is still used in the tested client to install

The hard drive is full

Set up the network of the PXE server

1) Settings in PXE server

Nmcli con show

Nmcli con modi ens33 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.1/24

Nmcli con up ens33

Ip a

Confirm that the address of ens33 is 192.168.1.1

2) Settings on the physical machine

Change the setting of the physical network card to fixed IP

IP address: 192.168.1.2

Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0

Gateway: 192.168.1.1

3) setting of VMware

Set the network of the PXE server virtual machine to bridging mode in VMware

Restore the network of the PXE server

1) change the physical Nic to obtain the IP address automatically

2) set the network of the PXE server virtual machine to "NAT mode" in VMware

3) Settings in PXE server

Ip a-192.168.1.1

Nmcli con show

Nmcli con modi ens33 ipv4.method auto

Nmcli con up ens33

Ping www.baidu.com

Yum install syslinux-> pxelinux.0

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