Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

Today, I will show you how to implement ERP basic knowledge question and answer. The content of the article is good. Now I would like to share it with you. Friends who feel in need can understand it. I hope it will be helpful to you. Let's read it along with the editor's ideas.

I. implementation of ERP

What are the stages of 1.ERP implementation?

The implementation of ERP is usually divided into four stages: preparation, design, implementation and on-line support.

2. What are the main tasks in the preparatory phase?

Implementation of office environment and computers and other office equipment, key users, overall plan, mobilization to start the conference.

3. What are the main artifacts in the design phase?

Business process design, current situation research, future process design, determine the scope of customization work.

4. What are the main tasks in the implementation phase?

On the basis of the pre-configuration system, the personality configuration of the system of each unit must be approved by the headquarters; design and complete customized programming, design and establish the user rights of the system, and conduct system testing. Instructor and end-user training, data conversion trial transfer, formal shift and system online.

5. What is the follow-up work?

Technical support after implementation. In order to ensure that the new system can support the daily business operation, solve the problems and further improve the system configuration, the system technical support is provided after the system is launched to ensure the normal operation of the ERP system and the smooth transfer of the system.

II. Brief introduction to the concept of ERP

9. What is ERP?

ERP (Enterprise Resources Planning, Enterprise Resource Planning) is a software package composed of different functional modules. It adopts the latest achievements of computer and network communication technology. It is an operation platform and management information system that aims to plan a variety of resources of enterprises and realize the unity of logistics, capital flow and information flow ("three flows"). In ERP, many scientific and advanced and management ideas have been fully reflected. It can be defined at three levels:

Management idea: ERP is developed by the famous American computer technology consulting and evaluation group Garner Group Inc. The essence of a set of enterprise management system standards proposed is a supply chain (Supply Chain)-oriented management idea that is further developed on the basis of MRPII (Manufacturing Resources Planning, Manufacturing Resource Planning).

Software products: it is a software product that comprehensively applies the achievements of the information industry, such as client, server system, relational database structure, object-oriented technology, graphical user interface, fourth generation language (4GL), network communication, etc., and takes ERP management thought as the soul.

Management system: it is an enterprise resource management system that integrates enterprise management concept, business process, basic data, manpower and material resources, computer hardware and software.

How did 10.ERP develop?

ERP was first put forward by American Gartner Group Inc. At that time, the concept of ERP was only based on the development of computer technology and supply chain management, deducing the development trend and change of management system of all kinds of manufacturing industry in the information age; at that time, the application of Internet was not widely popularized. With the practice and development of ERP, it has a deeper connotation. Today's ERP system, which integrates information technology and advanced management ideas, has become the operation mode of modern enterprises, reflects the requirements of modern enterprises for the rational allocation of resources, and maximizes the creation of social wealth, and has become the cornerstone of the survival and development of enterprises in the information age.

What is the most important feature of 11.ERP?

Integration is the most important feature of ERP. ERP is a highly integrated information management system, which can not only integrate the logistics and capital flow within the enterprise, but also integrate the logistics and capital flow information of suppliers, markets and customers outside the enterprise.

What are the advantages of 12.ERP integration?

* the source of the data is unique, avoiding errors caused by repeated input and other human factors

* data and the results of data processing can be shared by all authorized personnel in real time

* the information in the system can be queried by authorized managers according to actual needs through database technology.

What is the advanced concept in 13.ERP system?

Enterprise Resource Planning system (ERP) quotes the most advanced enterprise management model and concept in the world, and its main purpose is to fully allocate and balance the resources in all aspects of the enterprise, including people, property, property, production, supply, marketing, etc., so that enterprises can give full play to their full capacity in the fierce market competition so as to achieve the best economic benefits.

How to improve the competitiveness of enterprises with 14.ERP system?

China has rapidly changed from planned economy to market economy. After China's entry into WTO, all enterprises are directly facing fierce market competition. The original management system of enterprises can no longer adapt to the development of the new economic era, and the complex problems they are facing can no longer be solved through single-link or hierarchical management. ERP system pays attention to the comprehensiveness and systematicness of enterprise management, pays attention to the relationship between enterprise and the outside world, supports global operation and so on. At the same time, ERP also enables enterprises to provide more services to customers at lower cost. Successful selection and implementation of ERP can effectively improve the efficiency of enterprise management, work and equipment, and achieve rapid information transmission and sharing, so as to achieve the overall improvement of management level and enhance the vitality and competitiveness of enterprises.

Where is the excellent performance of 15.ERP system?

ERP allows user managers to easily customize the permissions of each user for each function and each data. When the operator uses each function, the system automatically checks the operation authority and realizes the multi-level security control, which greatly improves the operation security of the user system and the security of the data.

What are the technical advantages of 16.ERP system?

Functionally, ERP not only supports transportation management and warehouse management of material circulation system, but also supports online analysis and processing, after-sales service and quality feedback to grasp the pulse of market demand real-time and accurately; supports multinational regional, multi-factory, multilingual and multi-currency needs; supports multiple production types or mixed manufacturing enterprises, which combines the characteristics of discrete production, flow operation and flow production Support remote communication, Web/Internet/Intranet, e-commerce, electronic data interchange (EDI) support workflow (business process) dynamic model change and information processing and other distance program command integration.

17. Why is the versatility of the ERP system a key factor in its success?

ERP is an enterprise management system that turns ideals into reality and has extensive versatility. The system involves the management of people, money, goods, production, supply, marketing, forecasting, decision-making and many other aspects of the enterprise, including procurement, inventory, sales, production, finance, cost accounting, personnel management and business decision-making, as well as after-sales service and quality feedback, real-time and accurate grasp of the pulse of market demand and so on.

What are the commonly used software of 18.ERP system in the world?

At present, the ERP system software widely used in the world is SAP,Baan,JDE,Oracle,PeopleSoft,QAD and so on. These softwares are developed by summarizing the advanced management ideas and experience of various international industries for decades, and it has been proved by the practice of many leading enterprises that the Hunan ERP project adopts the ERP system software of SAP Company.

What are the basic functions of 19.ERP?

Although domestic and foreign ERP software products are different in terms of enterprise size, software functions and technical architecture, their plans for the core business functions of ERP are basically the same, including: financial accounting; management accounting; sales; logistics management; production planning; equipment management. In addition to the above functions, a typical ERP system usually includes project management, investment management, fund management and other auxiliary functions.

II. III. The main concepts of BPR and its relationship with ERP.

20. What is BRP?

Business process reengineering BPR (Business Process Reengineering) was first put forward by Michael Hammer and Jame Champy in the United States, and reached its peak in the 1990s. It emphasizes taking the business process as the transformation object and center, caring for the needs and satisfaction of customers as the goal, fundamentally rethinking and thoroughly redesigning the existing business process, and using advanced manufacturing technology, information technology and modern management means to maximize the functional integration of technology and management, so as to break the traditional functional organizational structure (Function-Organization). Establish a new process-based organizational structure (Process-Oriented Organization), so as to achieve great improvement in cost, quality, service and speed.

What is the core idea of 21.BPR?

The core idea of BPR is to achieve effective management of the whole supply chain.

What is the implementation principle of 22.BPR?

* realize the transformation from functional management to business process management

* the systematic idea of focusing on the optimization of the overall process

* establish a flattened organization, that is, eliminate pure middle-level "leadership" as far as possible

* give full play to everyone's role in the entire business process

* integrate enterprise business processes to customers and suppliers

* use IT to coordinate the contradiction between decentralization and centralization

23. Why is there an interaction between BPR and ERP?

First of all, BPR clears the process roadblock for the successful application of ERP, so BPR can promote the smooth implementation of ERP; on the other hand, ERP is actually transforming BPR, and ERP software based on different architectures needs different aspects and pertinence of BPR to cooperate with it. The interaction between the two can be described as "action and reaction".

24. What are the main modes of implementing ERP and BPR?

* carry out BPR before implementing ERP

* carry out ERP before implementing BPR

* BPR and ERP simultaneously

25. What are the advantages and disadvantages of "BPR before ERP"?

Usually when the enterprise is facing the pressure of the internal and external environment and must make immediate changes, and the existing information system of the enterprise can still support the business needs, but the new ERP system takes a period of time to establish the anti-adoption method.

The advantage is that the ERP system has a clear direction, while the disadvantage is that the ERP system or existing information technology may not be able to support the ideas of BPR design.

26. What are the advantages and disadvantages of "ERP before BPR"?

It is usually to achieve the immediate effect of process automation and information integration, and it is expected that the ERP system will gradually highlight the opportunities that need to be modified in the process in the future.

The advantages are that the changes are small and easy to manage, while the disadvantages are that the benefits of production may be small and future modifications to the ERP system will be increased due to the needs of BPR.

27. Why are more and more enterprises adopting the BPR and ERP model at the same time?

More and more enterprises adopt this approach, so that business processes are designed with reference provided by information technology, and business processes are also used to guide the direction when information technology is established, so as to complement each other, enhance the chances of success and shorten the implementation time.

What is the main impact of 28.ERP system on the enterprise?

The implementation of ERP system not only brings enterprises a new management information system, but more importantly, it means the introduction of scientific and advanced management ideas and experience, as well as a great change in the management concept, organizational system and management mode that do not adapt to market competition.

How does 29.ERP help the actual business?

* highly transparent product information can be read online to facilitate product sales activities

* reduce written work, process and approve purchase requests, purchase orders, maintenance work orders, etc., online

* No need to increase the number of business staff to handle the significant increase in business transaction volume

* Management information can be established, queried and modified online anywhere and at any time

* the multi-module integration function and accurate data of SAP system effectively shorten the settlement time at the end of the month.

What is the concrete manifestation of the "integration of three streams" that 30.ERP helps enterprises to realize logistics, capital flow and information flow?

Under the condition that the data source is unified, when the information in the "three streams" is changed due to the strike of any top business, the ERP system will update the relevant information of other "flows" in real time, so that the operation and management information of the enterprise will be synchronized, consistent and complete at any time. Therefore, we say that ERP helps the enterprise to realize the integration of logistics, capital flow and information flow.

How does 31.ERP help enterprises to achieve "three-in-one"?

ERP system implementation can help enterprise management to make resource planning and achieve "three-in-one" in the following ways.

* automate some or all of the processes that required manual operation in the past

* provide new functions to support production and business processes that were impossible by manual operation in the past

* provide managers with accurate, timely and complete information to speed up the management and final accounting process and improve the quality of decision-making

How can 32.ERP help business decision makers to improve operation and management?

* help to improve the financial information and strengthen the financial control and management of enterprises

* A new management model that helps enterprises to realize the operation of their business departments

* introducing and adopting international advanced management ideas and management models, and adjusting them according to China's national conditions and the specific conditions of enterprises, can promote the rationalization and standardization of the main business processes of enterprises and improve the operational efficiency of enterprises.

* help to achieve real-time and accurate enterprise production and operation data and information integration, reduce intermediate links and repetitive work, and avoid data transmission or human error. It is also helpful for enterprise management to objectively and accurately assess the performance of production and operation, and improve the effectiveness of management decisions at all levels of the enterprise.

* improve the common operation platform and management information platform for enterprises, and thus constitute the backbone and foundation of enterprise e-commerce operations (e-procurement, e-sales, etc.) and other online supply chain management solutions

What are the benefits of 33.ERP to every employee in the enterprise?

* efficient and transparent enterprise management provides employees with a satisfactory working and development environment

* the basic work interests of qualified employees only with the stable development of the enterprise

* provide opportunities to train yourself to become compound talents

* easier business operation

* uniform and standardized business processes reduce work risk

* in the past, processes that needed to be operated manually were partially or fully automated to reduce errors in work.

IV. Problems that may be encountered in the implementation of ERP

Is 34.ERP a software product?

The following types of conversations are encountered in almost all ERP activities:

Enterprise: "We want to go to ERP. Which software do you think is the best? how much will it cost?"

Q: "what problem are you ERP trying to solve? have you calculated the possible returns or benefits?"

Enterprise: "."

The fact is that ERP is not a software product, but a kind of knowledge transfer. The most important thing for enterprises is to cultivate their own ability to diagnose management problems, including the determination of enterprise strategy and information strategy, business process description, enterprise diagnosis methods, requirements analysis methods and so on. All these require enterprises to actively participate in the ERP implementation project, and the process is to accumulate knowledge and cultivate skills.

thirty-five。 What is the difference between ERP and ERP projects?

The ERP project is different from the ERP project, the former is an idea, while the latter is a real project, the idea is flawless and boundless, but the project is to invest limited resources in a limited time to achieve limited goals.

The leaders of many enterprises often confuse the difference between the ERP concept and the ERP project, ignore the project characteristics of the ERP project, and use the things of the ERP concept to set up the ERP project, which leads to the ambiguity of the project, the great change of the project requirement plan, and the repeated change and expansion of the invested resources, which finally makes the project difficult and difficult.

Therefore, we must master the self and method of project management, and constantly improve and deeply understand in the implementation of the project, know what kind of method to use to promote the project, and pay attention to what kind of problems at what stage. In what circumstances to play a clapping role and so on.

Can 36.ERP improve efficiency?

We will encounter some enterprises have such a saying: "after the launch of ERP, the work efficiency is improved, but the benefit is not obvious."

The benefit problem can be solved through the implementation of the ERP system, but to achieve the desired goal can not only stay in the "online", it is more important to learn to apply the information provided by the system to solve the problem. Therefore, how to use the information provided by the ERP system to solve the problems in management, and finally improve the efficiency and competitiveness, is an easy to be ignored aspect of ERP knowledge transfer.

37. Who is the owner of ERP project?

Some companies mistakenly regard the ERP project as a consultant's project. However, it is impossible for consultants to have a deep understanding of the enterprise, nor can they make decisions for the enterprise. The main responsibility of the consultant is to provide users with advice and technical support for management improvement, as well as knowledge transfer.

Only when enterprises really regard the ERP project as their own project, cooperate closely with consultants and understand each other, can they give full play to the role of consultants and achieve their own management changes and goals.

38. What is the cognitive risk of senior executives?

If the senior management of the enterprise can not clearly understand the purpose and risk of implementing ERP, they will not inject enough resources (Longqi is a member of the business department) to participate in the project, will not devote enough energy to participate in various major decisions of the project, and will not have enough momentum for the operation of the ERP project to make all employees consciously ready for management changes.

The deep understanding and strong support of senior management is one of the inevitable conditions for the success of ERP.

39. Why is ERP called "number one project"?

The special role of enterprise decision-makers in the implementation of ERP.

ERP is a management system, which affects the overall situation, and different immediate interests will be touched and affected in the process of implementation. Without the participation, authorization and coordination of the first leader, it is very difficult to mobilize the overall situation. The attention, expectation and participation of the top leaders of the enterprise to the "top leader" project of ERP system are mainly reflected in the following aspects. "

First of all, in order to ensure the successful implementation of ERP, it is necessary to support the project to obtain the second priority in the enterprise, second only to the normal operation of the enterprise. Secondly, carry on the resource allocation and schedule of the whole enterprise. Third, make a decision on the change of business process. Fourth, formulate and implement rewards and punishments.

40. How to overcome the inert resistance to operation formed by the business habits maintained by the traditional management system?

It is inevitable that there are some essential differences between the old and new management models. Managers of companies are often accustomed to the traditional mode of management, and often use customary methods to understand, think and solve problems.

However, the dynamic and shared management means of ERP will inevitably change the method of research and the basis for making operational decisions, which makes it difficult for many enterprise managers to adapt and resist the new management system. Especially in the management point of the new management system, the workload and work intensity have relatively increased.

In this regard, the company should objectively understand and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the new system before establishing the ERP system, estimate the cost and increased workload that the enterprise will pay for it, and be prepared to adapt to it on its own initiative, so as to reduce the inert resistance to operation to the minimum possible.

What is the misunderstanding of human resource investment in 41.ERP project?

In the early stage of the ERP project, many enterprises regard it as an information engineering project of the IT department or planning department. The project team is usually composed of IT personnel who lack business background and decision-making ability and consultants who know little about the enterprise, without the participation of business departments that actually enjoy the results of the project. In this way, the results of the work of the project team are often not accepted by the business departments, resulting in a longer decision-making cycle of the project.

This disjointed input of project staff will undoubtedly lead to the lengthening of the project cycle and the waste of overall resources.

42. Why is it wrong and dangerous to say that "ERP is the implementation of a new set of software, and the ERP project is only the business of the IT department"?

Some enterprises tend to think that the ERP project is the implementation of a new set of software, and the ERP project is only a matter for the IT department. As long as the business department makes its needs clear, the rest will be left alone. This understanding is obviously wrong.

If the ERP project is removed from the shell of the system software, its core is enterprise management. What is enterprise management, is all aspects of the enterprise, any neural context of the enterprise, any corner, there is enterprise management. Therefore, the implementation of ERP should be the behavior of all members of an enterprise, not just the behavior of a single department.

ERP project is not just the automation of process, it must be the optimization of management model and business process. If there is no full participation or even leading role of business departments, it can be said that it is not an ERP project at all.

43. What is the "integrated risk" of ERP?

For the enterprises familiar with the single business system in the past, the process-based and highly integrated ERP system poses a new challenge to them: the coherent process makes the relevant departments have a certain dependency relationship. This is prone to the phenomenon that departments miss work and quarrel with each other.

Enterprise change management and corresponding on-the-job training should enable end-users to have a correct understanding and understanding of the impact of each operation in the whole business process on other processes, users and the whole system. Form the concept of the system as a whole.

44. how to overcome the resistance encountered in the transition from traditional work flow to computer technical support operation specification?

The data standards and specifications adopted by the new computer-aided management information system are consistent throughout the enterprise. In general, the current traditional standards of enterprises are usually relatively independent among departments. The contradiction between the two usually causes great resistance to the implementation of ERP in enterprises.

A common phenomenon is that it is difficult for some departments and employees to accept that in order to adapt to unification, replace what they consider to be good historical standards with a set of unfamiliar things. To solve this problem, in addition to using certain administrative means to enforce unified standards and norms, we must also strengthen the ideological education and mobilization of the overall concept.

45. How to overcome the implementation resistance caused by the adjustment of personnel organization and the change of the nature of employees' work?

Due to the implementation and application of ERP system, it will inevitably bring about changes in the company's management system, and the changes in the responsibilities, rights and interests of some related employees in the enterprise will cause some obstacles to the implementation of ERP system.

For enterprise managers, in addition to the use of administrative means to cooperate, but also specific analysis of the specific situation, correct guidance is an important way to solve the problem.

For enterprise employees, they should not only have a correct understanding of the opportunities and difficulties brought by ERP, but also analyze their position and role in the wave of ERP change from a long-term and developmental perspective.

46. How to avoid lengthy and untimely problem handling and decision-making?

Smooth communication can improve the efficiency of problem handling and decision-making. As the implementation of ERP usually involves the relevant departments of the enterprise, not just the project team, internal communication is very important.

47. How to retain historical system data and switch between old and new systems?

Full data preparation should be made.

Without accurate data, there can be no successful ERP. From the beginning of the ERP implementation project, attention has been paid to the preparation of data, which is an important factor to avoid implementation risk. Data preparation includes data collation, rule unification, data dumping and so on. It is necessary to clarify the data management organization and responsibilities in the project.

48. What is ERP's "shoe theory"?

From a certain point of view, the implementation of the ERP project is that the enterprise is customizing a pair of fashionable new shoes to adapt to the new era of enterprise management. And the application of ERP system is nothing more than wearing shoes, only fit, can be said to be good shoes. If the shoes are done, but are not satisfied, there is bound to be the problem of cutting shoes or cutting feet to fit shoes. We call it ERP shoe theory.

Whether the shoes are comfortable or not depends on whether the users participate fully in advance, on the effective communication between the two sides, and on whether the users really understand their needs. Therefore, the company must reach a consensus and fully participate in the implementation and application of the project, otherwise it will inevitably lead to failure. ERP is not a "turnkey" project, customers must participate in the whole process of implementation and really apply it.

49. Who is the shoe tester for ERP?

The implementation of ERP is an enterprise-wide change process, and all departments of the enterprise have to reorganize their business processes and define the phase difference module function of the new system.

Only the wearer knows where the shoes are stuck. Middle-level leaders are the bridge between top and bottom, they go deep into the grass-roots level, often deal with practical problems, and only they really understand the actual situation of the enterprise. In the implementation of the project, try to take the success of each module in the relevant departments as an important indicator for the heads of relevant departments, and participate in the department business process reengineering. Only by letting these middle-level leaders come into contact with ERP software personally, contact with all kinds of new management ideas, and let them put forward their own views on software, can they arouse their enthusiasm, give full play to their creativity and subjective initiative, and promote the implementation of ERP.

50. why should middle leaders be involved in business process design?

Each enterprise should design its own way of using ERP software according to its own specific situation. There is often a wrong view that these are the business of consultants, they design them, and companies just need to use them. As a matter of fact, there is no pie in the sky. Consultants are experts in software, but they are not experts in your company, nor are they long-term resources for the enterprise. Business process design should be an important responsibility of middle-level leaders.

In addition, the parameters of each module determine the operation mode and specific operation of the whole software system. Middle leaders need to understand the role of these parameters, at least those important parameters, they need to work with consultants to set these parameters, and if necessary, they need to be able to modify some parameters.

51. What is the key role of the project core team in the project?

The members of the core group play an important and key role in the process of implementation: transmission, help and belt. Introduce ERP ideas and software functions into the enterprise, transmit the leadership's instructions and requirements for ERP work to the department, and transfer the department business to the implementation consultant; help formulate business processes and operation processes, help designated personnel to divide the work and clarify responsibilities, help follow up data and monitor project progress, and cooperate with implementation consultants; lead department personnel to collect data, train end users, and guide departments to carry out business correctly using the system.

52. what are the factors to consider in selecting project core team members?

The ERP core group should be a driving force, and the members of the core group must also be the elite of the enterprise.

Practice has proved that, considering the impact of the project on normal business, it is not advisable to find some idle people from various departments as members of the core group.

When appointing the candidates for the core team of the project, the comprehensive business ability of these personnel and their loyalty to the enterprise must be carefully considered. 1) the core members must be full-time, otherwise they will not be able to take care of both, or even lose both. 2) based on the stability of project training and the security of enterprise data, core members loyal to the enterprise must be selected.

53. In the wave of changes in the existing mode of operation or process of the ERP system, how can we not respond to chaos?

The project team should be well organized and employees should participate in adequate user training.

Using ERP system will change the existing operation mode or process of employees to a great extent. If users are not fully trained before the system is put into use, it will directly lead to a large number of data errors or operation errors. The ERP system is a highly integrated system, and the operation of the business will be automatically reflected in the finance. If there are a large number of business errors, the financial system will be out of order. This is also one of the reasons why some enterprises fail to implement ERP.

The ERP project is a project that involves the participation of all members of the enterprise. as long as someone does not understand the importance of the project or the business and relationship between the project and their own positions, it is very likely to bring immeasurable risks to the ERP project. therefore, the role of training and publicity should be fully valued.

54. What are the "three never" and "three noes" of the ERP project?

"never heard of it" before the start of the project, "never understood" during the implementation of the project, "never used" the system after the project was launched, and then brought "not concerned" before the start of the project, "not supported" during the implementation of the project, and "disapproved" after the project went online. All these are the bad consequences of neglecting training and publicity.

The 55.ERP system is not as convenient and fast as the historical system, does it not meet the actual business needs at all?

Originally, if enterprises use manual operation or single-function software operation, at the initial stage of implementing ERP and using new integrated management software, it is easy to feel that ERP is not as convenient and fast as the original operation or system, and even doubt whether ERP can meet the needs of the actual business.

It should be acknowledged that there are many differences between using integrated ERP software and manual or single-function software. It is stricter and more regular. For example, ERP software is to pay for the corresponding invoice, each payment should indicate which invoice, or which invoices. And the purchase invoice should correspond to the receipt of goods, but some of us do not require it in practice. However, these seemingly rigid places are necessary to explain from a management point of view. Strict business operations retain complete data, generate detailed reports, and provide powerful data for the company's management decisions.

All these need leaders to understand, explain, and also need the convincing persistence of the end user.

56. which is more important when there is a conflict between the project and the business?

ERP projects are often arduous tasks and time-tight. Under the conditions of human and material resources, conflicts between the project and the actual business are inevitable. Here is the successful case of Lenovo ERP as a reference:

When Lenovo implemented the ERP project, President Liu Chuanzhi made clear the principle of business giving way to the project from the very beginning. The specific measures are as follows: transfer the subsidiaries and departments to join the project team full-time.

In addition, as long as the ERP project team requires Mr. Liu to attend the decision-making meeting, Mr. Liu must attend, and such decision-making meeting is personally presided over by Vice President Li Qin. Yuanbao: the head of each department of each subsidiary must be present at the meeting, and must personally report on the promotion of the ERP project and the problems encountered by the department of the subsidiary.

57. Is instructor training important?

Yes, lecturers and key users as the supporting framework of Hunan Petroleum ERP, its importance is self-evident. On the one hand, they need to undertake the training task of end users, on the other hand, they need to support their own business and rolling training after the launch of ERP.

58. What are the main objectives of lecturer training?

Through the training of the lecturer, the lecturer can support the normal operation of Hunan Petroleum SAP system and optimize the business process, and skillfully deal with some business emergencies. Independently undertake the follow-up training of business personnel in the system and the company's business and support, so the Hunan Petroleum ERP Project steering Committee decided to send three people from each unit to participate in the lecturer training.

59. Does instructor training require exams or trial lectures? Why?

The topic of the lecturer transferring knowledge to the end user, so the quality of the lecturer is directly related to the training quality of the end user. Therefore, the lecturer must take the theory exam, the computer exam and the lecture examination in addition to himself.

60. Is end-user training important?

Yes, the implementation of ERP system is an important process of enterprise reform. The training of end users is the most critical focus of the whole ERP change management work. The quality and effect of end-user training will be directly related to the success of Hunan SAP system and the success of the reform work. Therefore, all levels of Hunan Sinopec should give maximum support to this ERP end-user training.

61. What are the main objectives of end-user training?

Through the end-user training, we can help the future SAP end-users understand, understand and gradually adapt to a series of "changes" brought about by the implementation of the system, and can correctly grasp the future business operation procedures, understand the relevant knowledge of SAP and have the ability to operate the system, so as to effectively complete the relevant work and ensure the smooth operation of each business after launch. Help future SAP end users learn to use the user Manual as an auxiliary tool for daily operation and develop the ability to solve problems independently.

62. Does end-user training require exams? Why?

Yes, each module will be tested on the last day of the training. Because the examination can specifically understand which business operation steps or system operations you need further guidance; it can help the project team to consider the preparation of the system from the level of mastery of the new skills.

63. Why train data collectors?

ERP is a brand-new system, it is a highly integrated management system, which not only covers new management concepts and methods in the whole ERP software, but also puts forward new requirements for data entering ERP. The data must be "three-in-one", that is, logistics, bill flow and information flow are highly unified. These ideas are something we have never been exposed to before, but our existing data are independent and unrelated, so they do not meet the requirements of the ERP system. Therefore, it is necessary to train the data acquisition personnel, fully understand the data requirements of the ERP system, and reorganize and collect the existing data according to the requirements of ERP, so as to ensure the smooth progress of data collection and conversion, as well as the accuracy, integrity and high unity of the data.

64. What are the main objectives of training data collectors?

The main goal of the training of data collection personnel is to make the data collection personnel fully understand the format of the data collection module, understand the meaning of each field of data collection clearly, understand the scope of data collection and matters needing attention, ensure that the whole collected data is carried out according to a unified caliber, ensure that the collected data is unified and highly integrated, and at the same time ensure that the data are reported on schedule.

65. What are the main responsibilities of data collectors?

The main responsibility of the data collector is to collect, clean up and confirm the data of the current system, fill in the confirmed data in the current system according to the format and requirements of the data collection table, and reflect the problems encountered in the collection process to the data conversion team of the provincial company. and coordinate and deal with the problem of data unification across modules within the company, and supervise and audit all data to ensure the correctness of the data.

66. How should the leaders of prefectural and municipal companies support the work of data collectors?

The leaders of prefectural and municipal companies should first have a clear understanding of the difficulty and workload of data collection, ensure the arrangement of personnel, and appoint leaders to be responsible for the leadership and coordination of data conversion work. Regularly or irregularly listen to the work reports of data collection personnel, coordinate and deal with the problems and difficulties encountered in data collection work; ensure that relevant personnel have enough working time to devote themselves to data collection work It is necessary to supervise and manage the work of data collection; at the same time, the leader should finally confirm and sign the data reported by the branch.

67. how to ensure the data quality of data collection?

First of all, a data acquisition team should be set up in the branch, with the leader of the branch as the group leader, the data conversion coordinator and the data converter of the related modules, and the data collection and audit will be carried out in blocks. On this basis, the coordinator will audit again. Two audits will be conducted within the branch to ensure the accuracy of the data. At the same time, the key users of the data conversion group of the provincial company will be audited again on the basis of the whole province. Ensure that the data is correct, after these three audits, the data will be sent to the branch again, and the final audit and confirmation will be carried out by the branch, and the quality of the data will be guaranteed through the quadruple audit of the data conversion group.

5. How to deal with the changes brought about by ERP

68. How should the leadership respond to the changes brought about by ERP?

* need to correctly understand the meaning of change, understand the various changes in business processes and the meaning behind them

* familiarize yourself with new business processes with an open attitude to change, learn to work with other departments in accordance with new steps, and learn to read and use reorganized business information

* actively advocate the implementation of change

* lead employees to realize that ERP implementation is a long-term "project", and the launch of the system does not mean the end of ERP implementation.

69. How do ordinary employees deal with the impact of ERP on their work?

* pay attention to the project implementation process and understand the new changes in business processes

* actively participate in user training and become familiar with the operation of the new system as soon as possible

* try to cooperate with ERP implementation arrangements, such as data preparation, etc.

70. How to successfully pass the exam to achieve the best training results?

* listen carefully, ask questions actively, and take class exercises seriously

* practice more in the training system after class to consolidate the content of classroom learning

* study hard and ask easily. If you have any questions that you don't understand, go to your classmates or trainers to find out.

71. What should I do if the interface of the existing SAP system is not friendly?

As they have become accustomed to historical systems or manual operations, end users are likely to have a resistance and rejection to the new ERP system itself. However, we should remind you that:

* if you like or dislike a business system, you must first experience habit or dislike.

* have the courage to abandon the attachment to the manual operation habits of the original system.

* actively adapt to the new system interface and cultivate new operating habits

* at the beginning, you should spend as much time as possible to familiarize yourself with the system, slow down the operation speed to a certain extent to ensure accuracy, and then gradually find some quick ways to develop your own system operation habits.

Appendix: explanations of common nouns

One. General nouns:

72. Material requirements planning

Material requirements planning (Material Requirement Planning,MRP) means that the information management system of an enterprise manages the composition of products. With the help of the computing power of the computer and the management ability of the system to customer orders, materials and products in the warehouse, the material requirements plan can be carried out and calculated according to the product structure list according to customer orders. Achieve the management goal of reducing inventory.

73. Material requirements Planning Ⅱ

Ⅱ (Material Requirement Planning Ⅱ, MRP Ⅱ) refers to a process effectively established in the technology, management and economy of an enterprise, which runs through the links of market distribution, product design, manufacturing process, production planning, material supply, production operation and control, warehousing management and financial cost.

74. Supply chain management

Supply chain management (Supply Chain Management,SCM) refers to the design, planning and control of possible factors and the coordination and optimization of logistics, capital flow and information flow from raw material procurement to product sales, focusing on the coordination among suppliers, manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers as well as service providers and customers.

75. Customer relationship management

Customer relationship Management (Customer Relationship Management,CRM) in order to strengthen the relationship between the company and customers, there are a series of different software tools that use the company's ERP system data. CRM software can achieve these functions: customer classification, one-to-one marketing, sales force automation (SFA), promotion management, marketing and call center automation.

76.BPR business process reengineering

Business process reengineering (Business Process Reengineer,BPR) refers to a revolutionary method that uses information technology and human resource management to greatly improve the performance of business processes.

77. Performance management system

Performance management system (Key Performance Indicator,KPI) refers to a cyclic process, including "goal setting", "tracking and reporting", "analysis and adjustment" and "assessment and incentive" four main management links.

78. System application products

System Application Product (System Applications Products,SAP) refers to the ERP application software developed by a German ERP software company, which is the abbreviation of System Applications Products in Data Processing and translated into systems, applications and products in data processing.

79.SAP R/3

SAP Rp3 refers to an integrated enterprise resource planning system based on client / server structure and open system; its functions cover all aspects of enterprise finance, logistics (engineering design, procurement, inventory, production, sales and quality, etc.) and human resource management.

II. SAP module name

80. Financial accounting

Financial accounting (Financial Accounting,FI) means that it must be able to disclose and provide the necessary information to shareholders, creditors, labor organizations and the public in accordance with relevant regulations, and effective corporate management accounting must include the functions of control and transfer. The financial accounting module consists of general ledger, accounts receivable and accounts payable, fixed assets, statutory consolidation and special statistical accounting functions.

81. Management accounting

Management accounting (Controlling,CO) means to provide all kinds of information needed for internal management control and internal evaluation of an enterprise. Through the integration function with sales module, purchasing module and financial accounting, all kinds of information in production and operation are analyzed and compared in CO. It is composed of general cost accounting, production cost accounting and profitability analysis.

82. Sales and distribution

Sales and distribution (Sales and Distribution,SD) refers to a highly integrated module used to solve the related operations in the sales process in the SAP system. Through the integration with the financial module, all information can be reflected in the accounting system in real time. It is mainly composed of sales order management, credit line control, delivery management, invoice management and other functions.

83. Material management

Material management (Material Mamagement,MM) refers to a component of the R3 logistics system. The functions provided by this module are based on material logistics management operations: acquisition, procurement, demand planning, inventory management, physical warehousing management and bill management.

84. Warehouse management

Warehouse management (Warehouse Managrment,WM) refers to a sub-module of the MM module, which uses the WM system to manage the complex inventory structure of the company. This structure can include areas in different warehouses (that is, storage types), such as idle storage in elevated positions, available storage, frozen storage and fixed position extraction areas, as well as production supply, shipping and receiving areas. Using WM system, the warehouse with random organization structure and fixed position can be managed at the same time.

85. production plan

Production planning (Production Planning,PP) refers to the modules in the logistics system responsible for planning, controlling and managing production, providing comprehensive processing to meet various manufacturing modes, such as repetitive peace, to-order production, to-order assembly, flow production, batch production and inventory-oriented production. Integrated supply chain such as MRP Ⅱ, electronic Kanban, plan estimator, workshop controller, process control system, PDM and so on.

86. Factory maintenance

Factory maintenance (Plant Maintenance,PM) is responsible for the maintenance of complex factory control systems; supports the graphical representation of the factory, which can be connected with the geographic information system, including detailed factory charts; and carries out preventive maintenance planning, defect warranty, maintenance, spare parts management, etc.

87. Human resources

Human resources (Humab Resources,HR) refers to the human resources module in the SAP system, which manages personnel files, personnel salaries and training and travel expenses, and the resulting financial information will be integrated into the accounting module.

88. Project system

Project system (Project System,PS) plans and controls new Renewal, construction and marketing projects. This module allows you to raise costs against the project budget, and it can manage the implementation of Rbig 3 on its own.

89. Quality management

Quality management (Quality Management,QM) helps plan and record quality control activities. Such as product inspection and material certification.

90. Logistics integration

Logistics integration (Material Repair Operation,MRO) is the management of the purchase, supply, inventory and sales of spare parts, raw materials, finished goods and other materials.

91. Oil industry solutions

Petroleum Industry Solutions (Industry Solution-OIL,IS-OIL) is an industry solution developed specifically for oil and gas. SAP and many of its strategic partners have established the Oil and Gas Industry Global Council with the goal of supporting the interactive development of SAP oil and gas industry products and SAP oil and gas enterprise users. The council meets regularly and focuses on the formulation of management standards for the oil and gas industry and the development strategy of corresponding SAP products to meet the changing management needs of the oil and gas industry. After more than 20 years of painstaking research by SAP and its strategic partners, the "best business practices" reflecting the production and management experience of today's first-class oil enterprises are preset in the SAP system. These best business practices basically cover all kinds of production and management needs of most oil enterprises. at the same time, they can also provide useful reference and expert help for the reform of organization and management process of petroleum enterprises.

92. Advanced planning optimizer

Advanced planning optimizer (Advanced Planning Optimizer,APO) refers to a part of SAP supply chain management that optimizes supply chain management and provides a better procurement solution to enterprises through the advanced planning optimizer. Through the integration of APO and ERP, supplier raw materials can be obtained as soon as possible and at the lowest cost, so that the company's products can be delivered to customers more quickly.

93. Data warehouse

Data warehouse (Business Information Waerhouse,BW) refers to the subject-oriented, integrated, time-related and immutable data set in enterprise management and decision-making. Different from other database applications, data warehouse is more like a process of integration, processing and analysis of business data distributed throughout the enterprise.

94. Enterprise strategic management

Enterprise strategic management (Strategic Enterprise Management,SEM) refers to providing a means and means (such as comparing with the same period of history or reasonable expectations for a certain period of time in the future) to make the strategic decision-making of an enterprise constantly change from imagination to reality.

III. SAP implementation

95.SAP implementation method: rapid implementation of SAP

Rapid implementation of SAP (Accelerated SAP,ASAP) refers to the execution solution provided by SAP. Several components are integrated, which work together for the fast and efficient execution of the Randall 3 system.

96. Change Management

Change management (Change Management) refers to the management of the gradual and changing process of transforming an enterprise into a new good with existing plans and concepts.

97. Key process demonstration

Critical process demonstration (Conference Room Pilot,CRP) refers to the demonstration of key business processes on the system during the implementation of SAP, which is initially recognized by the implementing unit for the implementation of SAP.

IV. SAP system setup

98. Group

Client refers to the highest-level organizational unit in the SAP system, which consists of a master database and everything necessary to establish a fully integrated system.

99. Company code

The company code (Company Code) refers to a separate entity with a complete set of accounts. It is the smallest unit to submit the statutory balance sheet and income statement to the public.

5. SAP development tools

100. Advanced business applications

Advanced Business Application (Advanced Business Application Programming,ABAP) refers to a programming language developed by SAP for the design of a variety of applications. All applications and even some components of its BASIS system are developed by ABAP. It is the fourth generation graphical programming language. Therefore, it is often called ABAP/4.

VI. System application

101. Key users

Critical user (Key User) refers to the personnel who put forward the business requirements on behalf of the implementer during the implementation of ERP, participate in the whole project implementation, and are responsible for the training of end users and system maintenance after implementation.

102. End user

The end user (End user) refers to the system users who perform daily business operations such as voucher input, report query and so on in the ERP system after the implementation of ERP.

103. Role

A Role refers to an individual who treats the corresponding operation according to consistent permissions. The above is how to achieve the full content of ERP basic knowledge Q & A, more content related to how to achieve ERP basic knowledge Q & A can search the previous articles or browse the following articles to learn ha! I believe the editor will add more knowledge to you. I hope you can support it!

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