Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

The main research contents of artificial intelligence include: knowledge representation, automatic reasoning and search methods, machine learning and knowledge acquisition, knowledge processing system, natural language understanding, computer vision, intelligent robot, automatic programming and so on.

With the emergence of electronic computers in the middle of the 20th century, science and technology have developed rapidly, and artificial intelligence has also emerged and developed. Artificial intelligence has been applied to many areas of our life, with the development of research, artificial intelligence will have a more profound impact on our lives.

1. What is artificial intelligence?

The term "artificial intelligence" was first proposed at the Dartmouth Society in 1956. Since then, researchers have developed many theories and principles, and the concept of artificial intelligence has expanded. Artificial intelligence is a very challenging science, and people who engage in this work must understand computer knowledge, psychology and philosophy. Artificial intelligence includes a wide range of sciences, which consists of different fields, such as machine learning, computer vision and so on. Generally speaking, one of the main goals of artificial intelligence research is to make machines competent for complex tasks that usually require human intelligence. However, different times and different people have different understandings of this kind of "complex work". At present, the main material means that can be used to study artificial intelligence and the machine that can realize artificial intelligence technology is the computer. the development history of artificial intelligence is related to the development history of computer science and technology. In addition to computer science, artificial intelligence also involves many disciplines, such as information theory, cybernetics, automation, bionics, biology, psychology, mathematical logic, linguistics, medicine and philosophy.

The main research contents of artificial intelligence include: knowledge representation, automatic reasoning and search methods, machine learning and knowledge acquisition, knowledge processing system, natural language understanding, computer vision, intelligent robot, automatic programming and so on.

two。 The application field of artificial intelligence

Today, AI capabilities tend to be applied to one or more aspects of human or other animal intelligence, replaced by automation, and sometimes used to simulate them. These intelligent behaviors under the scheduling of high-performance computers are far more powerful than human behavior.

2.1 path finding and path Planning

In the minimum cost path planning and path finding system, specialized techniques can be used, some of which are very clever and subtle, others are simply solved by brute force: to simulate the rapid transformation of intuition of understanding or the recognition of the brain generation process of ordinary people, the results are sometimes very surprising! Path finding is a variant of the path planning problem.

In any case, there are many challenges you encounter and need to overcome when applying AI technology to real-world problems, but one of the most annoying is the scale and complexity of the problems, even if they are taken for granted, simple, and naive to humans. In the early years, most of the work of AI research was devoted to developing fast, efficient, and fully understood search methods.

2.2 rules and expert systems

With the development of artificial intelligence, knowledge base is used to replace organ or institutional memory. For many years, expert system and rule-based decision system have been playing a leading role in human diagnosis and experience analysis. It is used to mine the answers to questions, find relevance, pattern extraction and other related work in the knowledge base.

In fact, expert systems can even be used as a playability feature of games. Imagine that in a real-time strategy game, you train an army of Roman soldiers to attack and defend against a particular type of enemy. Then you train the enemy army to resist the attack of the Roman legion again, again and again.

All the offensive and defensive capabilities of each historical army are included in a representative database. When a particular environment setting appears, these troops need to find a strategy for defense, which needs to be provided by some software, which encapsulates these environments as a set of parameters for finding operations in the expert system. In order to find the best way to resist the enemy.

3. The present situation and Development Direction of artificial Intelligence

3.1 the present situation of artificial intelligence

In the 1990s, A. I. The development of technology has shown great progress in various fields, such as learning, teaching, case reasoning, planning, natural environment understanding and location identification, translation, and even game software. Research and development. Deep Blue, a computer made by 1997IBM, beat chess champion Gary Kasparov. In the late 1990s, A.I. Technology-based network information search software has become the basic component of the Internet. Interactive mechanical pets were introduced in 2000. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology has launched Kisinel, a robot that can make dozens of facial expressions.

3.2 the development direction of artificial intelligence

About A.I. The question that people want to know most is, can it really be as smart as people? Many scientists believe that it is only a matter of time. A.I. Software designer Kurzweil believes that as late as 2020 A.I. You can be brilliant. Horne of IBM is conservative in his estimation. He thinks that A.I. It will take another 40-50 years to catch up with people. AT&T 's Rafer Rafer says his goal is to set up an A.I., which can only challenge Manchester United by 2050. Football team. He's not kidding.

In many ways, A.I. The brain has an advantage over humans. The process of learning and absorbing new knowledge in the human brain is very slow. It takes at least half a year or two or three years to speak fluent English (except for the examples in bragging ads). And let A.I. To learn to speak French, you only need to install a French-speaking software for it, and an A.I. French experts were born.

Another more difficult question to answer: A.I. Whether you can have emotion. At present, no one is sure to answer this question.

So the most terrible question is left: A.I. Can robots become smarter than humans and fight back against humans? Kurzweil, technologist Bill Joy thinks this is not impossible. Horne is not very sure on this issue.

Horne believes that although the rough computing power of a computer can surpass that of humans, it cannot have all the fine features of human beings, because humans do not understand many of the subtle abilities of their brains, let alone imitate the corresponding software.

Kurvitz's view is more optimistic, he thinks that human beings are developing super A.I. At the same time, the guidance and management of them will also be improved accordingly, so they will always take the lead and take control.

From the above analysis, we can understand that artificial intelligence has been highly valued all over the world from academia to application fields. in order to make our proposition better, and in order to make our country catch up with the advanced ranks of foreign countries in the field of artificial intelligence, we should increase research and investment to train more super-first-class talents.

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