Shulou(Shulou.com)05/31 Report--

In this issue, the editor will bring you an analysis of how to backup data in OpenStack cloud environment. The article is rich in content and analyzed and described from a professional point of view. I hope you can get something after reading this article.

Why introduce Freezer?

For many users, there are many pain points in data backup in OpenStack environment, which affect OpenStack backup, including the following aspects:

1. There are inconsistencies in Nova Cinder backup methods.

During the OpenStack data backup process, our main focus is on Nova and Cinder.

Nova backup method, the usual practice is to take a snapshot of the virtual machine.

At present, there are two main ways to back up Cinder's Volume.

1) take a snapshot of Volume to form a Volume snapshot chain to back up data

2) back up Volume using Cinder-backup, and use different backup Driver for different backends

If we want to back up both the CVM and the cloud disk during the use of OpenStack, we need to back up both the Nova and the Cinder, so it is impossible to manage all backups in an intermediate way.

two。 Backup data is not convenient for unified management.

Backup data is stored independently. Nova Instance is generally stored in Glance, while Cinder Volume generally stores backup data, which is stored in different Driver.

3. Unable to make valid periodic backups

At present, in the cloud environment data backup of OpenStack, it is impossible to make an effective periodic automatic backup of the backup action.

4. There is no good backup chain management

Without good backup chain management, backup data cannot be sorted out.

5. Deleting old backups is not smart

For the ability to delete old backups, the backup of cloud disk is generally judged by hand, which is neither convenient nor intelligent.

To sum up, a good backup scheme is urgently needed in OpenStack environment data backup, and Freezer also has a good performance in solving the above problems, so we introduce Freezer.

What is Freezer?

Freezer is an open source backup software that helps you back up and restore data automatically.

At present, Freezer has been officially introduced into OpenStack, engaged in data backup, is an official project in the OpenStack community, which aims to provide a solution for OpenStack data backup environment. Freezer introduced support from the OpenStack Liberty version, and previous versions of support required minor changes.

What can Freezer do?

We have explained above that Freezer is already a set of data backup solutions for OpenStack, so what can Freezer do?

Currently, Freezer has four kinds of Job to support.

BackupJob data backup

Mainly used for data backup tasks. Currently, Freezer supports the following data backups:

L FS: file-based data backup

L Mysql: effective backup of the Mysql database

L MongoDB: effective backup of the MongoDB database

L SQL Server: effective backup of the Microsoft sql server database

L OpenStack Nova instance (nova): backup the OpenStack CVM

L OpenStack Cinder volume (Cinder or Cindernative): back up the OpenStack cloud disk

Description: at present, there are two main ways for Freezer to back up cloud disk

1) Freezer's own backup mechanism for cloud disk (Cinder)

2) backup by Freezer orchestrating Cinder Backup (Cindernative)

RestoreJob data restore

The task of restoring data

AdminJob backup data management

The management of backup data, the main users organize the backup chain and the deletion task of old backup

Execution of ExecJob commands and scripts

Execute commands and scripts

Introduction to the characteristics of Freezer

We already have a general idea of what Freezer can do, so what are the additional features of Freezer?

1. Multi-platform support

At present, Freezer supporting platforms include Linux Based OS, Windows, Mac-OS, BSD Based OS and other platforms.

two。 Multi-storage support for backup data

Currently, the storage supported by Freezer backup data includes object storage Swift, local mount storage Local, and backup data to remote SSH server.

3. Consistency check of backup data

Freezer verifies the data consistency of each backup.

4. Compression and encryption of backup data

The default compression method is zip, and the supported compression methods are bzip, xz, etc.

The encryption method adopts the AES-256-CFB mode of openssl.

5. Backup data can support full increment

Backup data can back up the full amount and increment of the data

6. Speed limit of upload bandwidth of backup data

When the backed-up data is uploaded to storage, in order not to affect the business, the uploaded bandwidth can also be limited.

7. Sort out the backup chain

The arrangement of the backup, it is convenient for the administrator to sort out the backup data effectively, delete the old backup, organize the full backup and so on.

We already have a general understanding of the capabilities of Freezer, so how does the interior of Freezer work? the following mainly explains the composition of Freezer.

Introduction to the components of Freezer

Freezer has four main components, Freezer-Agent, Freezer-Scheduler, Freezer-Web-Ui and Freezer-Api.

L Freezer-Agent:

Mainly used for components that actually perform backup, restore, and other actions.

L Freezer-Scheduler:

Components that interact with Freezer-api and orchestrate Freezer-agent to perform specific tasks on a regular basis.

L Freezer-Api:

Provide Rest Api services, interact with the database, access some information of Job.

L Freezer-Web-Ui:

Arrange tasks in Horizon, interact with Freezer-api and send some information about Job, etc.

Overall architecture diagram of Freezer

1) Freezer-web-ui orchestration Job information is sent to Freezer-api through apiclient.

2) Freezer-api generates action generation task.

3) Freezer-scheduler calls Freezer-agent to execute tasks through three different periodic task modes.

4) Freezer-agent performs tasks to store data in the Storage of the backup.

Freezer create Job flowchart

Example of creating backup instance by Freezer

Task requirements:

1. Back up a cloud disk in use in the OpenStack cloud environment.

two。 Make full backups periodically.

3. Keep the last three full backups after each backup is complete, and delete the previous backups.

Use freezer-scheduler for backup

Edit the task json file required for backup

Create a task

Freezer-scheduler job-create-file backup-cinder.json

Description:

Freezer-action:

Action: backup means backup job

Cindernative-vol-id: the uuid that represents the cinder volume used

Action: admin means to use admin job

Fullbackup-rotation: 3 means to keep three backups

Job-schedule:

Schedule_interval: 1 weeks means that the job is executed every other week

Schedule_start_date: indicates the time when the execution starts for the first time

Inadequacies of Freezer

1. There are too few developers in the Freezer community.

2. Ceph is not supported for data backup.

3. At present, it is not possible to make an overall backup of OpenStack.

4. Monitor the services of computing nodes to protect the continuity of business.

The above is the analysis of how to backup data in OpenStack cloud environment shared by Xiaobian. If you happen to have similar doubts, please refer to the above analysis for understanding. If you want to know more about it, you are welcome to follow the industry information channel.

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