Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

Configure the steps for CentOS hosts to access the TCP/IP network (take CentOS 6 as an example):

1. Configure IP and subnet mask:

Static assignment (effective immediately, but not permanently):

Operation

Ifcfg class command

Ip class command

Display all network card information

# ifconfig [- a]

# ip addr show [up]

Displays the specified network card information

# ifconfig eth0

# ip addr show eth0

Enable the network card

# ifconfig eth0 up or # ifup eth0

# ip link set eth0 up

Disable the network card

# ifconfig eth0 down or # ifdown eth0

# ip link set eth0 down

Modify IP

# ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.8 ifconfig eth0 24 or # ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.8 netmask 255.255.255.0

/ / 255.255.0.0 corresponds to 16255.255.255.0 corresponding to 24, modified test: # ping 192.168.1.8

Add a single IP

# ip addr add 192.168.1.9/24 dev eth0

Delete a single IP

# ip addr del 192.168.1.9/24 dev eth0

Delete all IP

# ip addr flush dev eth0

Add a network card alias

# ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.1.10/24 up

# ip addr add 192.168.1.10/24 label eth0:0 dev eth0

Delete network card alias

# ifconfig eth0:0 down

# ip addr del 192.168.1.10 Compact 24 label eth0:0 dev eth0 or

# ip addr flush label eth0:0 dev eth0

DHCP dynamic allocation

Modify the configuration file (permanent, but not immediately effective):

# vim / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 / / can configure IP, subnet mask, gateway and DNS at the same time

Parameter name

Parameter meaning

DEVICE=eth0

The device to which this configuration is associated. The device name should be the same as the file name ifcfg-.

HWADDR=00:50:56:BF:57:9E

MAC address of the corresponding device (hardware address)

TYPE=Ethernet

Device types: such as Ethernet (Ethernet), Bridge (bridging), etc.

UUID=365f2df0-d0e1-4372-ac96-ac4622da7f91

Unique identification number of the device

ONBOOT=yes

Whether to activate this device during system boot

NM_CONTROLLED=no

Whether to accept NetworkManager script control or not, CentOS 6 recommends "no"

BOOTPROTO=static

Address configuration protocol used to activate this device, including {none | static | dhcp | bootp}

IPADDR=192.168.1.115

IP address

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

Subnet mask

GATEWAY=192.168.1.254

Gateway

DNS1=114.114.114.114

Primary DNS server address

DNS2=8.8.8.8

Secondary DNS server address

USERCTL=no

Whether to allow ordinary users to enable or disable this device

IPV6INIT=no

Whether to automatically initialize the IPv6 protocol address

PEERDNS=no

If the value of BOOTPROTO is "dhcp", whether to allow the DNS server information assigned by DHCP Server to be directly overwritten to the / etc/resolv.conf configuration file

The implementation takes effect immediately after configuration: # service network restart

Configure multiple addresses on a single network card through the alias of the network card:

# cd / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts

# vim ifcfg-eth0:0 / / there is no need to configure MAC address, UUID and GATEWAY

Parameter name

Parameter meaning

DEVICE=eth0:0

The device to which this configuration is associated. The device name should be the same as the file name ifcfg-.

TYPE=Ethernet

Device types: such as Ethernet (Ethernet), Bridge (bridging), etc.

ONBOOT=yes

Whether to activate this device during system boot

NM_CONTROLLED=no

Whether to accept NetworkManager script control or not, CentOS 6 recommends "no"

BOOTPROTO=static

The address configuration protocol used when activating this device

Non-primary address does not support booting using DHCP protocol. {none | static} is supported.

IPADDR=192.168.1.116

IP address

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

Subnet mask

DNS1=114.114.114.114

Primary DNS server address

DNS2=8.8.8.8

Secondary DNS server address

The implementation takes effect immediately after configuration: # service network restart

2. Configure routing (required for cross-network communication):

Static assignment (effective immediately, but not permanently):

Operation

Ifcfg class command

Ip class command

Display routing information

# route-n

/ / Gateway 0.0.0.0: indicates the local network routing entry, which does not need to be forwarded through the gateway and does not require any routing.

# ip route show

Add host rout

Target host 192.168.1.11

Next Hop Gateway 192.168.199.254

# route add-host 192.168.1.11 gw 192.168.199.254

# ip route add 192.168.1.11 via 192.168.199.6 dev eth0

/ / No subnet mask can be added after IP

Delete host rout

# route del-host 192.168.1.11

# ip route del 192.168.1.11

/ / No subnet mask can be added after IP

Add Network rout

Target network 192.168.0.0Universe 24

Next Hop Gateway 192.168.199.6

# route add-net 192.168.0.0swap 24 gw 192.168.199.6 or

# route add-net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.199.6

# ip route add 192.168.0.0/24 via 192.168.199.6

Delete a network route

# route del-net 192.168.0.0According 24 or

# route del-net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0

# ip route del 192.168.0.0/24

Add default rout

Next Hop Gateway 192.168.199.6

# route add default gw 192.168.199.6 or

# route add-net 0.0.0.0 gw 192.168.199.6

/ /-net 0.0.0.0: indicates that the destination address is any address, and a new route entry of 0.0.0.0 will be added in Destination

# ip route add default via 192.168.199.6

Delete default rout

# route del default

# ip route del default

Delete all routing information

# ip route flush dev eth0

Modify the configuration file (permanent, but not immediately effective):

# vim / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0 / / does not exist by default and needs to be created manually. Choose one of the following two configuration methods

Each line defines a route entry, such as: DEST via NEXT_HOP / / next-hop address must exist, that is, someone uses

Example:

192.168.1.10 via 172.16.100.77

192.168.0.0/24 via 172.16.100.177

Define a route entry every three lines, as follows:

ADDRESS#=Dest / / Target host or destination network

NETMASK#=Netmask / / subnet mask

GATEWAY#=Gateway / / Gateway

Example:

ADDRESS0=192.168.10.0

NETMASK0=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY0=172.16.100.177

ADDRESS1=192.168.20.0

NETMASK1=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY1=172.16.100.177

The implementation takes effect immediately after configuration: # service network restart

3. Configure DNS (required when using hostname to communicate):

Modify the configuration file (effective immediately and permanently):

# vim / etc/resolv.conf

Up to 3 nameserver DNS_SERVER_IP / / can be specified.

/ / commonly used DNS:114.114.114.114 and 8.8.8.8. You can also point to the address where the company's DNS server is located.

Test whether DNS is valid:

Positive solution test (FQDN-- > IP)

# dig-t A www.google.com.hk

# host-t A www.google.com.hk

Inverse solution test (IP-- > FQDN)

# dig-x 74.125.128.199

# host-t PTR 74.125.128.199

4. Configure hostname:

Static assignment (effective immediately, but not permanently):

Set hostname: # hostname hostname

View hostname: # hostname

Modify the configuration file (permanent, but not immediately effective):

# vim / etc/sysconfig/network

Parameter name

Parameter meaning

NETWORKING=yes

Whether the network feature is enabled on this machine

HOSTNAME=test

Set hostname

It can take effect immediately with hostname + logout command.

Hostname storage location: # cat / proc/sys/kernel/hostname

/ / Editing results cannot be saved directly using vim, but can be modified using the echo command

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