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This article shows you what the practical micro-service testing strategies are, which are concise and easy to understand, which will definitely brighten your eyes. I hope you can get something through the detailed introduction of this article.

Micro-service architecture is not a new architecture model, but its continuous development has brought many benefits to companies seeking enterprise-level private cloud solutions, splitting large-scale integrated architecture applications into composable micro-services, giving enterprises the ability to independently expand and maintain each component, as well as DevOps capabilities.

Of course, the distribution and independence of the microservices architecture also poses many challenges, and here's how to overcome the challenges that may be encountered when testing multiple independently deployable components.

Unit testing (Unit Testing)

The scope of a unit test can be a set of services (social unit tests) or a separate service (independent unit tests). The smaller the granularity of the unit being tested, the easier it is to determine the behavior of the module, identify the relevant collaborators, and the interaction between objects and dependencies. Because of the low complexity of the unit, QA engineers can use the unit test strategy to evaluate whether the unit is isolated from collaborators. Social unit testing and independent unit testing are often carried out in the same code base at the same time to solve different testing problems.

The purpose of testing domain layer is to simulate DML statements and prove that all collaborators uses the real domain objects in the correct order. During unit testing, engineers can verify the logic used to generate the map responses or other requests from external remote dependencies. In terms of the resource and service layer, verifying that each component interacts correctly with collaborators will allow you to monitor the request / response cycle in a repeatable and consistent manner.

Integration testing (Integration Testing)

Integration testing is conducted in a segmented environment to integrate services after analyzing the functions of the communication paths and the interactions between them. Unlike monoliths or SOA, microservice architectures rely on interprocess communication (IPC) mechanisms to function properly, which is why interactions between services must be verified.

We need to write automated tests to map success or error situations through integration with external services and data stores. Running the gateway integration test will break interface errors at the protocol level, such as incorrect SSL handling and missing HTTP headers. Persistence integration testing ensures that each component and protocol client must respond as an external dependency in the event of a timeout and partial failure.

Contract testing (Contract Testing)

Contract testing is a black box used to verify the contract between an external service call and its API Provider endpoint. There are generally two types of contract testing:

Integrated contract testing

Consumer driven (consumer-driven) contract testing

In integration contract testing, each component needs to be invoked independently and must meet the contract agreement expected by the consumer service (consumer). The best way to solve this problem is to test double. On the other hand, it is important to run a separate set of tests on a regular basis to confirm that the test double has not changed. However, a single test failure can slow down the deployment of pipes and damage the functionality of the IT infrastructure or distributed systems. One of the best ways to handle intermittent test failures is to update the test double, and you may also need to update the code so that it can be restored to a state consistent with the external service.

In consumer-driven contract testing, consumers will describe how they want to use the service. Consumer contracts can be carried out in mutually agreed languages and patterns between producers and consumers. The service provider will test the service against copies of each contract and then make changes to that particular service without affecting the nature of other services.

End-to-End Test (End-to-End Testing)

The End-to-End (E2E) test is used to determine that the entire system is functioning properly and that the network infrastructure (load balancer, firewall, etc.) is configured correctly. End-to-End testing needs to be run at the finest granularity to test the functionality of the entire system. Here, QA engineers validate the behavior of the full integration process and ensure that the system generally meets its business requirements, regardless of the service component architecture used. With the help of functional testing, developers can determine whether the integrated system or application is running as required.

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