Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

1 PDM system requirement analysis

PDM is an effective method to realize the optimal management of enterprises based on IT technology. It is the product of the combination of scientific management framework and practical problems of enterprises, and a product of the combination of computer technology and corporate culture. PDM system is not just a technical model, nor is it a pile of fashionable technical words, let alone a simple program. It must be a technology that can be realized, it must be a technology that can be realized in different industries and different enterprises, and it must be a technology combined with corporate culture. Therefore, it is closely related to the enterprise itself.

1. 1 current situation of enterprises and product characteristics

The PCEBG Division of Foxconn Technology Group is mainly engaged in the R & D and production of desktop computers for Dell, Samsung and other customers. There are four main product divisions under the Business Division:

(1) CPE R & D product department, which is mainly responsible for computer motherboard circuit design, software development, chassis drawing mechanism design and outsourced parts specification setting, is the product design center.

(2) EMDl products Department, mainly responsible for the production of computer motherboard, according to the drawings and bill of materials provided by the R & D department, independently purchase the necessary electronic components, assemble and weld into the finished products of the motherboard, and carry out simple performance testing.

(3) DT6 products Department is mainly responsible for the production of mechanism parts, according to the 3D drawings of the chassis, develop moulds, manufacture and produce plastic and iron parts that meet the requirements and paint them, and finally assemble into a complete case.

(4) YSD products Department, mainly responsible for the assembly of the whole computer machine, according to the bill of materials provided by the R & D department, purchase the necessary finished products, such as: hard disk, optical drive, memory, keyboard, mouse, etc., combine it with the motherboard provided by EMDl, assemble it into the chassis produced by DT6, and finally complete the finished product shipment after certain testing. The basic structure is shown in figure 3. 1

At present, the internal development models of the company are OEM, O DM and OBM, while the production modes are BT0 and CTO.

For different development and production modes, how can we develop a set of omnipotent PDM system which can not only realize the commonness of different modes, but also take into account the characteristics of each, and is suitable for R & D and production? The workflow of different modes needs to be modeled in the early stage. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. OEM_ Orig inal Equipment Manufactures, original equipment manufacturer

It refers to a kind of "contract production" mode, which specifically means that enterprises that have established brand advantages have key core technologies, are responsible for designing and developing new products and controlling sales channels, but have limited production capacity, or find that the cost of producing this product by other manufacturers is lower than that of their own production, in order to reduce the risk of getting on the new production line, or even to win market time. Place an order with other similar product manufacturers by way of contract order, which will be manufactured by these manufacturers, buy out the ordered products at a low price, and affix their own brand trademarks directly. The manufacturer who undertakes this kind of processing task is called the labeling manufacturer or the order-taking enterprise, namely the OEM enterprise, and its products are branded products, also known as OEM products.

As an OEM contract manufacturer, it does not need to spend too much manpower and time in the research and development stage, but may need to do relevant functional verification tests after the product samples are produced. But according to the customer, the specific requirements are not the same. This kind of management process is relatively simple, and the processes that need to be controlled are mainly concentrated in the Phase4-Phase7 stage. Most domestic small and medium-sized enterprises are operating this kind of contract manufacturing mode. Of course, most of Foxconn's early market is OEM, there is no need for professional design team, no need to control the life cycle of the product, only simple testing, reporting, retesting, production, shipping.

2. O DM-O riginal Design Manufactuce, original designer and manufacturer

It can provide customers with full service from product research and development, design and manufacture to later maintenance. Customers only need to put forward the function and performance of the product to the O DM service provider, and even provide the idea of the product, and the O DM service provider can turn the product from a vision into a reality.

This business model is currently being operated by many large domestic enterprises, such as MSI, Huawei, Asustek, Foxconn and so on. ODM model needs to start from the early feasibility analysis to mass production, the whole development and production process needs PDM system to assist project management. Different processes require all aspects of control. The workload of this model should be between OEM and OBM. This model requires more participation and more responsibility for the quality and time of the product than OEM.

3. OBM-Original Brand Manufacture, the original brand manufacturer

That is, the contract factory operates its own brand, or the manufacturer creates its own product brand, produces and sells products with its own brand. To do 0BM needs to be supported by a sound marketing network, the cost of channel construction is very high, and the energy spent is far higher than that of doing OEM and O DM.

In order to control the O BM project, on the whole, like the O DM project, from feasibility analysis to mass production, every stage will be involved, and the workload of each stage will far exceed that of OEM and O DM, because of the self-production and marketing model, we often need to constantly adjust the characteristics of the products to meet the requirements of the market, especially electronic products. In this way, the design stage of the product will produce many different versions, so using the PDM system to control, it is necessary to update and import different versions and record the historical changes of each stage.

In addition to the different modes of product development, the production modes of the manufacturing department are also different. At present, the more common is BT O (Build to O rder), that is, production according to customer orders, which belongs to batch production and can set up a production line for assembly line operation. Sometimes, an order can be produced for a year, and the specifications and requirements are the same. As long as you control the time of production and delivery.

The development trend of production mode is CTO (Configura tionto O rder), that is, production according to the configuration of customers. This production mode has small orders, a wide variety and variety, so it is not suitable for the production line, and the production cost is more expensive. However, this is the trend of market development, and it is also a must for enterprises to survive. At present, Foxconn concentrates such production machines in countries with low labor costs, such as Vietnam, Mexico and other places.

A production line may produce more than a dozen different specifications a day, but the output adds up to only about 100. There are many kinds of products and low output, but it is a difficult problem that enterprises have to face for survival. Therefore, in the whole process of product development and production, how to shorten the operation time and optimize the process of information transmission has become a key element of enterprise competition. The development of PDM system is imperative.

1. 2 problems existing in enterprises

1. The management methods of documents are backward.

Although the current documents are also sorted out by computer, they seem to be orderly, but they lack systematic arrangement. With the increase in the amount of data, the query of information is troublesome, and there is almost no connection between product documents. There is almost no interface with the data of relevant departments, and it is difficult to share data: it is often a department document update, while other departments have no notice, resulting in inconsistent product specifications, resulting in production accidents of heavy industry and missed work. Lack of resource allocation and coordination mechanism within the company's technical department, all kinds of information is scattered, the exchange of information is not smooth, information can not be shared timely, accurately and effectively, and does not make full use of information technology to transform the product development process.

2. The operating system of the product business is inconsistent, and the degree of information sharing is low.

For different products, the document management systems and methods used are different. When file sharing, it is often impossible to use the same file directly because of the lack of sharing interface, which must be converted to some extent, resulting in unnecessary waste of personnel and time. It's extremely inefficient.

3. The signing and verification of documents is complex.

All the documents that need to be signed need to be printed and signed, which is inefficient and difficult to control, resulting in a "signature is containment" situation, and once a supervisor delays signing, it can not be monitored and urged in real time. The documents accumulated for a long time can not be discarded at will, which causes great trouble to the preservation and management of documents.

4. The security and confidentiality of information is poor.

With the diversification and decentralization of product data, the workload of data maintenance and backup is heavy. Because there is no integrated management of all product data at present, there is no log record for the browsing and editing of technical files, and the security of technical files can not be effectively controlled. And the backup of product data is also lack of effective management, which can not effectively prevent the loss caused by the system crash. Product documents can not be authorized and managed according to users, roles, departments, functions and the degree of confidentiality of documents.

5. Difficulties in dynamic change management of information.

From research and development to production of IT products, there are often a lot of times when they need to be changed, perhaps because of the design problems found by testing, or because of material supplier changes and upgrades. However, no matter what the situation is, as long as it is a dynamic change in the later stage, it will cause a moderate "upheaval" and bring great difficulties to the relevant departments.

1. 3 functional requirements of enterprise PDM system

This PMD system is a product data management software developed for electronic manufacturing enterprises. Its main purpose is to help enterprises to manage product data and improve product structure. By managing the whole process of the product life cycle and coordinating the events of design, review, approval and product release, we can ensure that a large amount of data and information needed for design and manufacturing are clear, so as to provide an information platform to support and maintain the product. and strengthen the security protection of data by computer means. In view of the problems encountered by current enterprises and the needs of the development of enterprise information construction in the future, the product data management system PDM of electronic manufacturing enterprises needs to have the following functions:

1. Store a large amount of data information and realize document sharing.

As a platform for enterprise product data storage, it is necessary to manage all kinds of information needed and generated by product R & D and production in various business departments. So that all users to achieve data sharing, and can achieve real-time synchronous updates, so as to reduce repeated designs or incomplete data problems, and the historical changes involved are recorded, can be documented and ensure integrity and consistency.

2. the issuance and signature of documents to achieve electronic.

Abandon the traditional paper file signature, to be able to achieve electronic, through the system to monitor the document signing process, and finally through the PDM system to convey to the relevant departments and individuals. It can realize the automatic execution and monitoring of tasks.

3. Dynamic change management of documents

It is not only to manage static files, but also to manage dynamically changing information effectively. Ensure that the changed information can be notified to the relevant personnel at the first time to ensure the timeliness of the information.

4. Security and confidentiality of information

The security problem of enterprise electronic data is solved by using the database storage technology of PDM software, combined with the backup function of database and the security management function provided by the software itself. For each user, carry out rights control and role management, so that every employee can get the data they need within the scope of rights management, without having to worry about the loss of data. and you don't have to check the accuracy of the data again. For all kinds of documents, log management is provided to record the various operations carried out by the system.

5. User interface is friendly and easy to operate.

Foxconn's internal business departments use different management systems, and the operation and knowledge levels of personnel are also uneven, so the versatility and maneuverability of the system should be considered.

6. Realize the automatic following function of the system.

Can real-time control the progress of the project, timely notify the relevant departments, through the ema order email notification and "red, yellow and green" tricolor reminder, inform project members to upload relevant documents in time, can effectively monitor the progress of the audit project and avoid any delays.

For enterprises with the combination of R & D and production, the use of PDM system for project management can improve efficiency and save resources. Based on this, on the basis of the original PDM function, combined with specific projects, a PDM system suitable for new product development of electronic products enterprises is developed.

2 Design principles of PDM system

PDM system is a management system designed and developed to meet the needs of the development of IT market and to design and produce high-quality products that meet customer requirements in the shortest time. Its main purpose is to comprehensively manage all kinds of documents produced in the process of product R & D and production, and to build a communication bridge between R & D and production departments, so that management information and production information can be communicated in time and updated synchronously. Therefore, the design of PDM system should follow the following principles:

1. Advanced and standard. The current advanced, mature, mainstream computer, network, database and software development technologies and products should be adopted to ensure that the whole system has good interoperability and portability. in order to adapt to the continuous development of computer technology.

2. Safety and reliability. When designing the network and software, we should first consider the selection of new products and technologies that are stable and reliable and tested in practice, so that the system has the necessary fault tolerance and sufficient backup equipment to ensure its anti-damage ability and rapid recovery ability. Take strict security measures for the operating system, network and database to ensure that the system will not be infringed, and have a comprehensive audit function for each user.

3. Manageability and expandability. The designed network and software system should be easy to install, configure, use and maintain. On the basis of meeting the needs of the existing business, the future expansion and upgrade of the system should be fully considered.

4. The system should also meet the principles of simplicity, practicality and cost-benefit matching.

3 the architecture of PDM system

3. 1 Overview of PDM architecture

Product data management is a technology which is based on software technology and takes products as the core to organize and manage CAD / CAM / CAE data, documents, approval and other product information, so as to realize the integrated management of product-related data, processes and resources. From the perspective of application-oriented and system-supported functions, it generally includes document control, change control, configuration management, design retrieval and parts library, project management, data transmission and transformation and system management. From the composition of software functional modules, it generally includes electronic data storage and document management, workflow management, product structure and configuration management, classification and retrieval management, project management, integration interface, customization tools and so on.

In fact, the architecture of PDM is the soul of PDM system, which determines the applicability, scalability and other important characteristics of the system. The design of PDM system needs to consider the enterprise's product characteristics, functional requirements, the number of users and other factors, and choose those suitable for their own characteristics of PDM architecture, so as to maximize the success of unified implementation. In general, the PDM architecture determines the following characteristics of the system:

1. The speed of the system, including the processing speed of the background service and the speed of the client

The PDM system not only has to deal with the data in the database, but also has to deal with various data files, so the speed of the background is often affected. The common method is to distribute the background services to multiple servers to ensure the later running speed. For the speed of the client, the common method is to transfer the local operation to the server.

2. Client installation, upgrade and maintenance

Based on the architecture of Web, the most important function is to facilitate the installation, upgrade and maintenance of the client.

3. The integration of the system

PDM system can only be regarded as a part of enterprise informatization, there are many other information systems, these systems need interactive information, at this time need to solve the problem of integration between such systems for enterprises.

4. Application cost

The implementation cost of PDM system can be divided into software cost and application cost. A good architecture can not only ensure that enterprises can solve the most troublesome problems with minimal overhead, but also help enterprises to quickly organize a distributed PDM system according to their own requirements. It will also be relatively simple when upgrading the system, which can effectively reduce the cost.

Generally speaking, the architecture of the system will only affect the performance of the system, but not the function of the system. The investment in R & D and implementation of different PDM systems may vary thousands of times, which to a large extent determines what kind of technical framework is adopted and its vitality.

3. 2 the framework of PDM architecture

With the continuous development and application of web technology and object-oriented technology, PDM architecture is becoming more and more advanced. With the increasing integration ability of PDM system and application software, it has become one of the main information integration platforms for enterprises. The PDM system studied in this paper is an object-oriented application system based on the platform of relational database management system. The architecture is shown in figure 3. 2

1. The data layer is the support layer of the system. At present, the popular relational database is the supporting platform of PDM system, and the PDM system studied in this paper is based on SQLserver2000 relational database. In SQLServer2000, database tables, views and stored procedures are designed to provide the most basic data storage, control and access services for data management.

2. The data access layer is mainly realized by creating a data access dynamic link library. This layer realizes the storage of data objects in the database in the PDM system and encapsulates various operations of the database. The data access layer provides data access services for the business logic layer. Most database access is achieved through stored procedures to improve operational performance.

3. Business logic layer, which is realized by creating business logic dynamic link library. The classes associated with the system are encapsulated in the file. This implementation is helpful to the maintenance and upgrade of the software in the use phase.

4. PDM function layer, according to the functional requirements of PDM system, establish corresponding functional modules, including project management, document management, product structure and configuration management, organizational personnel management, system management, mail management and so on. All functions are provided by Web service.

5. In the user interface layer, the interface in the form of web is mainly a web browser, but different from the static web page, users can easily plan all kinds of operations in the whole system through the graphical interface provided by the system. The interface in the form of Windows is in the form of windows desktop forms that users are familiar with, and the client operation is completed by adding web references to connect with the server.

Figure 3. 2PDM system architecture

The PCEBG Business Division of Foxconn Group is based on the TIPDM system and the B / S architecture to design the PDM system that meets the needs of the company. This architecture is not only secure and stable, but also meets the requirements of users.

4 Software structure of PDM system

4. 1 software development environment

The development environment of the product data management system studied in this paper is as follows:

1. Operating system: windowsXP Professional Service Pack2

2. Information server: J2EE server

3. Technology platform: TIPLM TIPDM

4. Network protocols: enterprise networking, communication protocols are TCP / IP, HTTP

5. Development language: Java

6. Database management system: Microsoft SQL Server2000

4. 2 operating environment

The running environment of the system is configured as follows:

1. Hardware environment:

(1) Server side: CPU main frequency 2. 0GHZ or above: memory at least 512MB: hard disk capacity at least 40g: display 800x600 pixel resolution, enhanced color 16 bits or higher.

(2) client: CPU main frequency 1. 0GHZ or above, memory at least 256MB: hard disk: system disk at least 600MB, installation disk at least 400MB free space: display 1024x768 pixel resolution, enhanced color 16-bit or higher.

2. Software environment:

(1) Server side: operating system Windows 2000 Server, Windows XP Professional

Or Windows2003Server: need to install Microsoft. NET Framework2.: database requires SQLServer2000 or higher: using network protocol TCP / IP protocol.

(2) client: operating system windows2000Professional, Windows XP: need to install Microsoft. NETFramework2.: using network protocol TCP / IP protocol.

5 functional modules of PDM system

From the point of view of application, PDM system can be divided into project management, document management, organization management, mail management, schedule management, product structure and configuration management, system management, change management and workflow management. Each module can be controlled independently: create, add, change, upload, download, delete and so on, but they are interrelated and interdependent, according to the different functional division of each functional module, the corresponding operators are also different, but they are all linked through the development process of the project (time process).

That is, their project life cycle is the same as Yu 01. Taking the frame diagram of figure 3. 3 as an example, we can get a clear overview of the functions of the PDM system and the complex relationships between them The relationship between the relevant parties is also identified in the figure.

1. Project management: you can check the progress of the process that the user is responsible for. Project statistics reports can generate corresponding project task reports based on the project name or user name. The project management part can realize the functions of project creation, query, deletion, project task management, project member arrangement, project role configuration and so on. This is of great significance to the production of CTO mode.

2. Document management: realize the functions of document classification and archiving, document lifecycle management, document browsing, document search, document attribute change and document version management.

Figure 3. 3PDM system module architecture

3. Organizational management: realize the organizational management, personnel management and role management of the enterprise. Such as the increase or decrease of the department, the transfer of personnel, the assignment of roles, the change of department personnel information and other operations can be realized. This part of the function is also one of the prerequisites for project development in this paper. if the project needs to arrange project members, it needs to select relevant people from the organizational structure to add to the project team, and the operation will be easy to achieve.

4. Email management: to send, receive, remove and delete messages. And can be combined.

Radar warning system, to achieve real-time monitoring of the status of e-mail.

5, schedule management: it is convenient for logged-in users to view their own work schedule, and can realize the function of regular reminder, such as when you need to submit report documents to the leader, even if the work is busy, you do not have to worry about delaying the project time. The department schedule can help the department leader to check the schedule of each member of the department. The personal notes feature can help users forget some personal information tips.

6. Product structure and configuration management: object configuration can help us modify the object properties of each node in the product structure tree, add or delete nodes, set the user's permission to browse the product node and add related documents for the product object. Object query can set query conditions to realize fast and accurate query of product objects.

7. System management: manage user login log and user operation log: users can change their own system login password; in addition, modules and directories can be managed. Most of this module is designed specifically for system administrators or users with system administrator privileges.

8. Change management: in the product life cycle, there will be a lot of change requirements, which need a unified standard change process to control. Depending on the initiator of the change, the audit supervisor who sets the change and the project members associated with the change department must be notified to each department. Only when the test of the corresponding change is passed, accompanied by the corresponding test report, and approved by the supervisor, then the change is really effective. According to this, the production department will make changes to the corresponding production procedures or production materials.

9. Workflow management: workflow or process management is used to define and control the basic process of data operation, mainly managing the flow of data between people or activities when users operate on data, and tracking all transactions and data activities during the life cycle of a project. The data here contains a variety of documents in the workflow process, because these document data are managed through the database.

The application of workflow management in PDM can be used to track and control the product design and modification process (even the product production process), so as to enhance the degree of automation of the product development process. At the same time, by using the workflow modeling tools in PDM, we can reorganize the product development process, standardize the development process, reduce the development cost and improve the development efficiency.

There is an interdependent relationship among various work modules, and project project management is closely related to document management, organization management, workflow management and so on. Mail management, organization management and workflow management also run through the whole process of the project, and each module is also intertwined. The relationship between them is shown in figure 3. 4

Figure 3. The relationship of each module in 4PDM

6. Summary of this chapter

First of all, this chapter analyzes the actual situation and product characteristics of the enterprise, and in view of the existing problems, analyzes the requirements of the PDM system in terms of performance and functional requirements; according to the actual requirements and design principles of the system, the architecture of the PDM system is designed, and the software environment of the system is analyzed. Finally, the functional structure framework of PDM system is given and the relationship between each module is summarized.

Welcome to subscribe "Shulou Technology Information " to get latest news, interesting things and hot topics in the IT industry, and controls the hottest and latest Internet news, technology news and IT industry trends.