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This article mainly introduces the Linux system novice learning skills, has a certain reference value, interested friends can refer to, I hope you can learn a lot after reading this article, the following let the editor take you to understand it.

First, start with the basics: some friends often ask some questions in the Linux forum, but most of the questions are very basic. For example: why I use a command, the system told me that I can not find the directory, how to limit the permissions of users and other issues, these problems are not very difficult, as long as you understand the basis of Linux, you should be able to easily solve this problem. And some friends often want to build a website as soon as they come into contact with Linux, but they never think of knowing the basis of Linux first. This is quite difficult.

Second, Linux commands must be learned. although Linux desktop applications are developing rapidly, commands still have strong vitality in Linux. Linux is an operating system composed of the command line, the essence of which is on the command line. No matter what level the graphical interface develops, the principle will not change. Linux commands have many powerful functions: from simple disk operations, file access, to complex multimedia image and streaming media file production. To give an example: Linux's common command find, look at the man documentation, beginners will feel too complicated to use it, but once you learn it, you can't put it down. Its function is so powerful that it can complete very complex operations with exec parameters or redirect to xargs and grep commands through pipes. If the same operation is done with graphical interface tools, it will take more than a dozen more time. The number of different versions of Linux commands is different. Here, the author introduces the most important and most frequently used commands into several parts according to their role in the system. Through the study of these basic commands, we can further understand the Linux system: install and log in commands: login, shutdown, halt, reboot, mount, umount, chsh file processing commands: file, mkdir, grep, dd, find, mv, ls, diff, cat, ln system management related commands: df, top, free, quota, at, lp, adduser, groupadd kill, crontab, tar, unzip, gunzip, last network operation commands: ifconfig, ip, ping, netstat, telnet, telnet, ftp, ftp, ftp Finger, mail, nslookup system security related commands: passwd, su, umask, chgrp, chmod, chown, chattr, sudo, pswho

Third, choosing a good reference book is very important for learners. A reference book with misconceptions can lead beginners astray. At present, there are many books about Linux in China, but there are not many fine ones.

4. Choose a Linux distribution that suits you. At present, there are more than 100 Linux distributions in the world, and more than a dozen common versions can be found in China. How to choose according to your needs and abilities, Redhat Linux and Debian Linux are ideal choices for network administrators. For readers whose English is not very good, the Chinese versions of Red Flag Linux and winning bid Linux are more suitable. Now some Linux sites have some free downloads of Linux versions, which is not suitable for Linux beginners.

5. Get into the habit of working on the command line: be sure to get into the habit of working on the command line, knowing that X-window is just an application running in command line mode. Although the progress of learning under the command line is slow at first, after you are familiar with it, your future learning path will increase exponentially. From the network administrator's point of view, the command line is actually a rule, which is always effective and flexible. Even through a slow modem line, it can operate a remote system thousands of kilometers away.

6. Choose a Linux community that suits you; with the expansion of Linux applications, many Linux communities have emerged. But these forums are often the stage for Linux masters, and it is often fruitless to post very rudimentary questions in forums that discuss advanced skills. There are also some very rich learning materials and community comprehensive sites, such as: www.xxlinux.com learning articles and materials are very sufficient, there is also a community for everyone to communicate. This can be of great help for beginners.

7. Be diligent in practice: to increase your Linux skills, you can only achieve it through practice. So, find a computer, install a Linux distribution, and enter the wonderful world of Linux. I believe that you will gain a lot from your own Linux ability. In addition, unlike the hard disk of a computer, unless the hard disk is broken or the data is erased by you, the stored data will be remembered forever and immediately. In the curve of human memory, you have to repeat it over and over again in order to remember something better. Similarly, it's the same with learning Linux. If you can't learn often, learn the latter and forget the previous one. After you are familiar with Linux commands, you can start to build a small Linux network, which is the best practice. Linux is synonymous with network, Linux network service function is very powerful, whether mail server, Web server, DNS server and so on are very perfect. Of course, you don't need to build all the services, you can take your time. It should be noted that this Linux network has two or three computers for beginners, one of which had better be installed with Windows system. Do it yourself and don't wait for others to solve your problems.

How to get online help is different from the private operating system, each Linux distribution version of the technical support time is relatively short, which is often not enough for Linux beginners. In fact, when you install a complete Linux system, it already contains a powerful help, but you may not have discovered and used their skills.

1. Major Linux distributions come with very detailed documentation (including man pages and FAQ), from system installation to system security, detailed documentation for different levels of people, 40% of the problem can be solved after careful reading of the documentation.

two。 Consult classic reference books and Howto, especially Howto is the world's tens of thousands of Linux, Unix experience summary is very valuable, usually 40% of the problem can also be solved.

Get help in the Linux forum. If the above measures do not solve the problem, you will need the help of the Linux community at this time. Linux users are generally professionals, they have a good computer background and willing to help others, Linux experts have more cultural spirit to encourage novices. How to get help in the Linux community, it needs to be explained that you should think carefully, prepare your questions, and don't ask questions hastily, otherwise you will only get hasty answers or no answers at all. The more you show your efforts to solve the problem before you ask for help, the more substantial help you will get. It is best to search the forum to see if there are any articles you need. In this way, we can get twice the result with half the effort. The following is a good question that the author saw in the forum: "after installing Red Flag 4.0, the double solution of the system purple light input method is different from my habit, how to customize the double solution? thank you?" The problem is very concise, and the author gives a solution five minutes later: "first, back up the original file to another directory, then delete / usr/local/unispim/unispimsp.ksc, edit / usr/local/unispim/unispimsp.ini, and finally restart the computer to generate a new unispimsp.ksc." in addition, if you get a reply, send an explanation to the person who has helped you and let them know how to solve the problem. This supplement helps others search mailing lists / newsgroups / forums for complete solutions that have helped you, which may also be useful to them. Let's take a look at an unanswerable question: "Save your masters, let me ask you some questions: how to configure HTTP, FTP, Samba, DNS, DHCP, Sendmail servers under Linux. Thank you." I think it is difficult for Linux experts to answer you quickly, accurately and succinctly. You need to provide accurate and effective information. This does not require you to simply extract tons of error code or a complete dump of data into your question. If you have large and complex test conditions, try to cut it as small as possible. You may encounter a situation where there will be different answers to a question, which you need to verify through practice. It is also an option to put this issue in other Linux communities to ask for help. If you don't get an answer, please don't think we can't help you. Sometimes it's just that the person who sees your question doesn't know the answer. At this time, a different community is a good choice. In addition, be sure to pay attention to certain etiquette when asking questions. Because the Linux community is a loose organization and does not undertake the obligation to reply to every post. It's not technical support.

Ten. Learning Linux Linux with Unix thinking is designed with reference to Unix thinking, and understanding and mastering Linux must be carried out according to Unix thinking. Ideological changes are more useful than temporary technical improvements, because they can help you speed up your learning.

Learn professional English if you want to study Linux deeply, you can't understand it because the documentation is so difficult. The best and most comprehensive documents are written in English, and the first published technical information is also written in English. Even if people from non-English-speaking countries publish technical documents, they are first translated into English and published in international academic journals and networks. When you install a new software, look at README, then INSTALL, then FAQ, and finally install it, so you can know why if you have a problem. If you don't look at the documentation, it's a waste of time to go to the forum to find the answer when something goes wrong.

11. Finally, there is a roadmap for Linux learning:

1. Master at least 50 common commands.

2. Be familiar with Gnome/KDE and other X-windows desktop environment operations.

3. Master the common installation methods of .tgz, .rpm and other software packages

4. Learn to add peripherals and install device drivers (such as network cards)

5. Familiar with Grub/Lilo bootstrap and simple repair operation.

6. Be familiar with Linux file system and directory structure.

7. Master vi,gcc,gdb and other common editors, compilers, debuggers.

8. Understand shell aliases, pipelines, Imax O redirects, input and output, and shell scripting.

9. Learn the networking under the Linux environment.

Thank you for reading this article carefully. I hope the article "what are the skills for beginners in Linux system learning" shared by the editor will be helpful to you. At the same time, I also hope that you will support us and pay attention to the industry information channel. More related knowledge is waiting for you to learn!

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