Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

The rewrite command uses regular expressions to match the request URI, and the matched URI will be rewritten to achieve internal URL rewriting or URL redirection. The rewrite command can appear in server, location, if statement blocks. Multiple rewrite statements are executed from top to bottom according to where they appear in the configuration file, and whether they continue to execute downward after matching to a rewrite statement or how to deal with it is determined by that statement.

Command syntax format:

Rewrite regular expression New URI [flag]

The "regular expression" is used to match the "request URI", and the matching URI will be replaced with "new URI".

The "new URI" can be a simple URI or a complete URL address:

When a "new URI" is a simple URI, it is called an internal URL rewrite. At this point, this rewrite statement rewrites the request URL into a new URL in accordance with the rules, but the behavior after the rewrite is controlled by the [flag] option.

When the "new URI" is a complete URL address, that is, an address that begins with "http://","https://", or" $scheme, it is called a URL redirection. At this point, after the rewriting of this rewrite rule is completed, the server will not carry out any further processing, and it will immediately return the new URL to the client (in the form of redirection such as 301,302). The server will complete the processing, and the client will re-initiate the request for the new URL.

The [flag] option is used to regulate the behavior of overrides, and its value may be:

Last: when the rewrite is complete, it will stop processing all statements belonging to the ngx_http_rewrite_module module in the current block (that is, it will not continue to match the remaining rewrite statements or other statements belonging to the module in the current block). The rewritten new URL rematches all location statements for further processing.

Break: after the rewrite is completed, it stops processing all statements belonging to the ngx_http_rewrite_module module in the current block (that is, it will not continue to match the remaining rewrite statements or other statements belonging to the module in the current block), just like the break command, there will be no further action.

Redirect: after the rewrite is completed, the new URL with the code 302 (temporary redirection) is returned to the client, and the server processing is completed. This flag will only take effect if the "new URI" is not the full URL address.

Permanent: after the rewrite is completed, the new URL with the 301 code (permanent redirection) is returned to the client, and the server processing is completed.

Example:

First create some directories and files under the root of the web page for subsequent testing.

[root@gw] # mkdir-p / usr/local/nginx/html/dir/subdir1

[root@gw] # mkdir-p / usr/local/nginx/html/dir/subdir2

[root@gw ~] # echo 'subdir1 testfile.html' > / usr/local/nginx/html/dir/subdir1/testfile.html

[root@gw ~] # echo 'subdir2 testfile.html' > / usr/local/nginx/html/dir/subdir2/testfile.html

Modify the nginx configuration file to define rewrite rules, which can be defined in the server statement block.

[root@gw ~] # vim / usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

Server {

Rewrite ^ / dir/ (. *) /. * $/ dir/$1/testfile.html break

}

The meaning of the above rewrite rule is: if the request URI conforms to ^ / dir/ (. *) /. * $, rewrite it as / dir/$1/testfile.html. $1 is the content enclosed in the first parenthesis in the reference request URI, $2, $3, and so on, if any. In this way, when the request is http://172.16.111.114/dir/subdir1/whaterver, it will become access / dir/subdir1/testfile.html;. If the request is http://172.16.111.114/dir/subdir2/whaterver, it will access the file / dir/subdir2/testfile.html. As follows:

Open the browser, press F12, switch to the network tab, and enter the URL address you want to access in the browser address bar to see if there is a URL rewrite or redirection:

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