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2025-01-19 Update From: SLTechnology News&Howtos shulou NAV: SLTechnology News&Howtos > Servers >
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Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--
Server Load Balancing is a network service device that distributes traffic to multiple CVMs (computing clusters). It can quickly improve the external service capability of the application system through traffic distribution; hide the actual service port to enhance the security of the internal system; by eliminating the service single point of failure, improve the reliability of the application system. Let's introduce it to you today.
1 highly available Mysql installation configuration 1.1 Lab Environment
CVM role
CVM IP
VIP
192.168.8.200
Mycat1
192.168.8.22
Mycat2
192.168.8.23
Mysql1 (Master1)
192.168.8.24
Mysql2 (Master2)
192.168.8.25
Mysql3 (Slave)
192.168.8.26
1.2 Mysql installation configuration
(192.168.8.24192.168.25 and 192.168.8.26) three server operations
1.2.1 Mysql installation
Go to the official website to download the yum source of mysql
Https://www.mysql.com/
Install the yumsource rpm software
Rpm-ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
Yum install mysql
Yuminstall mysql-community-server
1.2.2 Mysql initialization
Start mysql
Systemctlstart mysqld
Get root password
Cat/var/log/mysqld.log | grep "temporary password"
2017-07-06T03:23:46.053467Z1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: iGUl/j*_r1*z
Modify root password
Mysql-uroot-p
SETPASSWORD=PASSWORD ('newpassword')
1.3 Mysql Master Master configuration
(192.168.8.24 and 192.168.8.25) two server operations
1.3.1 Mysql configuration
192.168.8.24 configuration:
Vi/etc/my.cnf
Add the following:
[mysqld]
Symbolic-links=0
Log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
Pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
Server_id = 1
Log-bin=mysql-bing
Log_bin_trust_function_creators=TRUE
Log-slave-updates
Sync_binlog=1
Auto_increment_offset=1
Auto_increment_increment=2
Slave-skip-errors=all
Lower_case_table_names=1
Character_set_server=utf8
Skip-name-resolve
[mysql]
Default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld_safe]
Default-character-set=utf8
[mysql.server]
Default-character-set=utf8
[client]
Default-character-set=utf8
192.168.8.25 configuration:
Vi/etc/my.cnf
Add the following:
Symbolic-links=0
Log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
Pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
Server_id = 2
Log-bin=mysql-bing
Log_bin_trust_function_creators=TRUE
Log-slave-updates
Sync_binlog=1
Auto_increment_offset=1
Auto_increment_increment=2
Slave-skip-errors=all
Lower_case_table_names=1
Character_set_server = utf8
Skip-name-resolve
[mysql]
Default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld_safe]
Default-character-set=utf8
[mysql.server]
Default-character-set = utf8
[client]
Default-character-set = utf8
Server 1 (192.168.8.24) and server 2 (192.168.8.25) restart the service:
Systemctlrestart mysqld
1.3.2 Sql configuration
Server 1 (192.168.8.24) operation:
Mysql-u root-p
Mysql > GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *. * to 'repluser'@'192.168.8.25' identified by'123456'
Mysql > flush privileges
Mysql > flush tables with read lock; # prevent access to new data
# check the bin file and position, then you need to use it
Mysql > SHOW MASTER STATUS
+-+
| | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | |
+-+
| | mysql-bin.000004 | 106 | |
+-+
Server 2 (192.168.8.25) operation:
Mysql-u root-p
Mysql > GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *. * to 'repluser'@'192.168.8.24' identified by'123456'
Mysql > flush privileges
Mysql > flush tables with read lock; # prevent access to new data
# check the bin file and position, then you need to use it
Mysql > SHOW MASTER STATUS
+-+
| | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | |
+-+
| | mysql-bin.000004 | 350 | |
+-+
Server 1 (192.168.8.24) operation:
Mysql > CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.8.25',MASTER_USER='repluser',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000004',MASTER_LOG_POS=350,MASTER_PORT=3306
Server 2 (192.168.8.25) operation:
Mysql > CHANGE MASTER TOMASTER_HOST='192.168.8.24',MASTER_USER='repluser',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000004',MASTER_LOG_POS=106,MASTER_PORT=3306
Server 1 (192.168.8.24) and server 2 (192.168.8.25) operate respectively:
Mysql > unlock tables
Mysql > start slave
Mysql > show slave status\ G
* * 1.row * *
Mainly focus on the following two parameters:
...
...
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
...
...
1.3.3 Test
Server 1 (192.168.8.24) add new libraries:
Mysql > show databases
+-+
| | Database |
+-+
| | information_schema |
| | mysql |
| | test |
+-+
Mysql > create database tom
Mysql > show databases
+-+
| | Database |
+-+
| | information_schema |
| | mysql |
| | test |
| | tom |
+-+
Server 2 (192.168.8.25) views the automatically added libraries:
Mysql > show databases
+-+
| | Database |
+-+
| | information_schema |
| | mysql |
| | test |
| | tom |
+-+
Server 2 (192.168.8.25) removes the newly added library:
Mysql > drop database tom
Mysql > show databases
+-+
| | Database |
+-+
| | information_schema |
| | mysql |
| | test |
+-+
Server 1 (192.168.8.24) will be automatically deleted:
Mysql > show databases
+-+
| | Database |
+-+
| | information_schema |
| | mysql |
| | test |
+-+
This shows that the synchronization between the two sides is successful.
1.4 Mysql master-slave configuration
(192.168.8.24 and 192.168.8.26) two server operations
1.4.1 Mysql configuration
The 192.168.8.24 configuration was completed in the previous section. Skip
192.168.8.26 configuration:
Vi/etc/my.cnf
Add the following:
[mysqld]
Symbolic-links=0
Log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
Pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
Server_id = 3
Log-bin=mysql-bing
Log_bin_trust_function_creators=TRUE
Log-slave-updates
Sync_binlog=1
Auto_increment_offset=1
Auto_increment_increment=2
Slave-skip-errors=all
Lower_case_table_names=1
Character_set_server = utf8
Skip-name-resolve
[mysql]
Default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld_safe]
Default-character-set=utf8
[mysql.server]
Default-character-set = utf8
[client]
Default-character-set = utf8
Restart the service
Systemctlrestart mysqld
1.4.2 Sql configuration
Server 1 (192.168.8.24) operation:
Mysql-u root-p
Mysql > GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *. * to 'repluser'@'192.168.8.26' identified by'123456'
Mysql > flush privileges
Mysql > flush tables with read lock; # prevent access to new data
# check the bin file and position, then you need to use it
Mysql > SHOW MASTER STATUS
+-+
| | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | |
+-+
| | mysql-bin.000004 | 106 | |
+-+
Server 2 (192.168.8.26) operation:
Mysql > CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.8.24',MASTER_USER='repluser',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000004',MASTER_LOG_POS=106,MASTER_PORT=3306
Server 1 (192.168.8.24) operation:
Mysql > unlock tables
Server 2 (192.168.8.26) operation:
Mysql > start slave
Mysql > show slave status\ G
* * 1. Row *
Mainly focus on the following two parameters:
...
...
Slave_IO_Running:Yes
Slave_SQL_Running:Yes
...
...
1.4.3 Test
Server 1 (192.168.8.24) add new libraries:
Mysql > show databases
+-+
| | Database |
+-+
| | information_schema |
| | mysql |
| | test |
+-+
Mysql > create database tom
Mysql > show databases
+-+
| | Database |
+-+
| | information_schema |
| | mysql |
| | test |
| | tom |
+-+
Server 2 (192.168.8.26) views the automatically added libraries:
Mysql > show databases
+-+
| | Database |
+-+
| | information_schema |
| | mysql |
| | test |
| | tom |
+-+
1.5 Mycat installation configuration
(192.168.8.22 and 192.168.8.23) two server operations
1.5.1 Mycat installation
Install java
Yuminstall java-1.8.0-openjdk
Download mycat:
Http://dl.mycat.io/
Extract the installation package
Tarzxvf Mycat-server-1.7.0-DEV-20170416134921-linux.tar.gz
MvMycat / usr/local/mycat
Configure environment variables
Vi/etc/profile, add MYCAT_HOME=/usr/local/mycat to the system environment variable file
1.5.2 Mycat configuration
Cd/usr/local/mycat/conf
Viserver.xml
Modify the configuration as follows
Test@123
Tom,test (multiple databases can be added to multiple logical libraries)
User
Tom,test
True
Vischema.xml
Only the following configuration read-write separation and other deletions are retained
Select user ()
Start mycat
/ usr/local/mycat/bin/mycatstart
1.6 keepalived installation configuration 1.6.1 Lab Environment
Server role
Server IP
VIP1
192.168.8.200
LVS1
192.168.8.10
LVS2
192.168.8.11
1.6.2 install keepalived
Yuminstall-y keepalived ipvsadm
1.6.3 configure keepalived
Vim/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
On LVS-DR-Master, the configuration is as follows (192.168.8.10 operation):
! Configuration File for keepalived
Global_defs {
Notification_email {
Acassen@firewall.loc
Failover@firewall.loc
Sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
Notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
Smtp_server 192.168.200.1
Smtp_connect_timeout 30
Router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
Vrrp_instance VI_1 {
State BACKUP
Interface ens160
Virtual_router_id 51
Priority 100
Advert_int 1
Authentication {
Auth_type PASS
Auth_pass 123456
}
Virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.8.100
192.168.8.200
}
}
Virtual_server 192.168.8.100 80 {
Delay_loop 6
Lb_algo rr
Lb_kind DR
Nat_mask 255.255.255.0
Persistence_timeout 50
Protocol TCP
Real_server 192.168.8.12 80 {
Weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
Connect_timeout 3
Nb_get_retry 3
Delay_before_retry 3
Connect_port 80
}
}
Real_server 192.168.8.13 80 {
Weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
Connect_timeout 3
Nb_get_retry 3
Delay_before_retry 3
Connect_port 80
}
}
}
Virtual_server 192.168.8.100 21 {
Delay_loop 6
Lb_algo rr
Lb_kind DR
Nat_mask 255.255.255.0
Persistence_timeout 50
Protocol TCP
Real_server 192.168.8.12 21 {
Weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
Connect_timeout 3
Nb_get_retry 3
Delay_before_retry 3
Connect_port 21
}
}
Real_server 192.168.8.13 21 {
Weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
Connect_timeout 3
Nb_get_retry 3
Delay_before_retry 3
Connect_port 21
}
}
}
Virtual_server 192.168.8.200 8066 {
Delay_loop 6
Lb_algo rr
Lb_kind DR
Nat_mask 255.255.255.0
Persistence_timeout 50
Protocol TCP
Real_server 192.168.8.22 8066 {
Weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
Connect_timeout 3
Nb_get_retry 3
Delay_before_retry 3
Connect_port 8066
}
}
Real_server 192.168.8.23 8066 {
Weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
Connect_timeout 3
Nb_get_retry 3
Delay_before_retry 3
Connect_port 8066
}
}
}
On LVS-DR-Backup, the configuration is as follows (192.168.8.11 operation):
! Configuration File for keepalived
Global_defs {
Notification_email {
Acassen@firewall.loc
Failover@firewall.loc
Sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
Notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
Smtp_server 192.168.200.1
Smtp_connect_timeout 30
Router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
Vrrp_instance VI_1 {
State BACKUP
Interface ens160
Virtual_router_id 51
Priority 90
Advert_int 1
Authentication {
Auth_type PASS
Auth_pass 123456
}
Virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.8.100
192.168.8.200
}
}
Virtual_server 192.168.8.100 80 {
Delay_loop 6
Lb_algo rr
Lb_kind DR
Nat_mask 255.255.255.0
Persistence_timeout 50
Protocol TCP
Real_server 192.168.8.12 80 {
Weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
Connect_timeout 3
Nb_get_retry 3
Delay_before_retry 3
Connect_port 80
}
}
Real_server 192.168.8.13 80 {
Weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
Connect_timeout 3
Nb_get_retry 3
Delay_before_retry 3
Connect_port 80
}
}
}
Virtual_server 192.168.8.100 21 {
Delay_loop 6
Lb_algo rr
Lb_kind DR
Nat_mask 255.255.255.0
Persistence_timeout 50
Protocol TCP
Real_server 192.168.8.12 21 {
Weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
Connect_timeout 3
Nb_get_retry 3
Delay_before_retry 3
Connect_port 21
}
}
Real_server 192.168.8.13 21 {
Weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
Connect_timeout 3
Nb_get_retry 3
Delay_before_retry 3
Connect_port 21
}
}
}
Virtual_server 192.168.8.200 8066 {
Delay_loop 6
Lb_algo rr
Lb_kind DR
Nat_mask 255.255.255.0
Persistence_timeout 50
Protocol TCP
Real_server 192.168.8.22 8066 {
Weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
Connect_timeout 3
Nb_get_retry 3
Delay_before_retry 3
Connect_port 8066
}
}
Real_server 192.168.8.23 8066 {
Weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
Connect_timeout 3
Nb_get_retry 3
Delay_before_retry 3
Connect_port 8066
}
}
}
1.6.4 Virtual IP script
Mycat server (192.168.8.22 and 192.168.8.23) operation
Chmod+x / etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
Vi/usr/local/bin/realserver.sh
#! / bin/bash
# description: Config realserver
VIP=192.168.8.200
/ etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
Case "$1" in
Start)
/ sbin/ifconfig lo:0$ VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $VIP
/ sbin/route add-host $VIP dev lo:0
Echo "1" > / proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
Echo "2" > / proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
Echo "1" > / proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
Echo "2" > / proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
Sysctl-p > / dev/null 2 > & 1
Echo "RealServer Start OK"
Stop)
/ sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
/ sbin/route del $VIP > / dev/null 2 > & 1
Echo "0" > / proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
Echo "0" > / proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
Echo "0" > / proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
Echo "0" > / proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
Echo "RealServer Stoped"
*)
Echo "Usage: $0 {start | stop}"
Exit 1
Esac
Exit 0
Startup script
/ usr/local/bin/realserver.shstart
1.6.5 start keepalived
LVS-DR-Master (192.168.8.22) and LVS-DR-Backup (192.168.8.13) operate:
/ etc/init.d/keepalivedstart
Use the ipvsadm-L command to see if VIP can be successfully mapped to the back-end service. If it fails, you can use the / var/log/messages log to locate the cause of the keepalived startup failure.
IPVirtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
ProtLocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 123.com:8066 rr
-> 192.168.8.22 Route 8066 1 0
-> 192.168.8.23 Route 8066 0 0
If there is anything else you need to know, you can find our professional technical engineer on the official website. The technical engineer has more than ten years of experience in the industry, so it will be more detailed and professional than the editor's answer. Official website link www.yisu.com
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