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Kubernetes introduces that Kubernetes is a container cluster management system opened by Google in 2014, Kubernetes is referred to as K8S. Kubernetes v1.0 was officially released in July 2015. so far, the latest stable version is v1.9K8S for the deployment, expansion and management of containerized applications. K8S provides a series of functions such as container orchestration, resource scheduling, flexible scaling, deployment management, service discovery and so on. By using "labels" and "pods". The concept of grouping applications by logical units Kubernetes aims to make deploying containerized applications simple and efficient Official website: the role of http://www.kubernetes.ioKubernetes automates the deployment, expansion and management of container application resource scheduling deployment management service finds capacity expansion and downsizing monitoring Kubernetes feature self-repair restarts failed containers, replaces and redeploys in case of node failure, ensures the expected number of copies; kills containers that fail health check, and does not process client requests until they are ready to ensure that online services are not interrupted. Auto scaling commands, UI or automatic rapid expansion and reduction of application instances based on CPU usage to ensure high availability during application business peak concurrency; recover resources at low peak time and run the service at minimum cost. Automatic deployment and rollback of K8S updates the application with a rolling update policy, updating one Pod at a time instead of deleting all Pod at the same time. If there is a problem during the update process, the changes will be rolled back to ensure that the upgrade will not affect the business. Service discovery and load balancing

* K8S provides a unified access entry for multiple containers (internal IP address and a DNS name), and all containers associated with cloud load balancer, so that users do not have to consider the container IP problem. Confidentiality and configuration management manages confidential data and application configuration without exposing sensitive data to the mirror to improve the security of sensitive data. And some common configurations can be stored in K8S to facilitate the use of applications. Storage orchestration mounts external storage systems, whether from local storage, public clouds (such as AWS), or network storage (such as NFS, GlusterFS, Ceph) are used as part of cluster resources, greatly improving storage flexibility. Batch processing provides an one-time task, a scheduled task, and a scenario that satisfies batch data processing and analysis. Kubernetes Cluster Architecture and components

Master component kube-apiserverKubernetes API, the unified entrance to the cluster and the coordinator of each component, provides interface services through RESTful API. All object resource additions, deletions, modifications, and monitoring operations are handed over to APIServer and then submitted to Etcd for storage. Kube-controller-manager

Handle regular background tasks in the cluster-a resource corresponds to a controller, and ControllerManager is responsible for managing these controllers. Kube-scheduler selects a Node node for the newly created Pod according to the scheduling algorithm, which can be deployed arbitrarily, on the same node or on different nodes. Etcd distributed key storage system. It is used to save cluster state data, such as Pod, Service and other object information. The Node component kubeletkubelet is the Agent of Master on the Node node, which manages the lifecycle of native running containers, such as creating containers, Pod mounting data volumes, downloading secret, obtaining container and node status, and so on. Kubelet converts each Pod into a set of containers. Kube-proxy implements the Pod network agent on the Node node, maintains network rules and four layers of load balancing. Docker or rocket container engine, which runs the container. Kubernetes core concept Pod minimum deployment unit set of containers A collection of containers in a Pod shared network namespace Pod is a short ControllersReplicaSet: ensure the expected number of Pod copies Deployment: stateless application deployment StatefulSet: stateful application deployment DaemonSet: ensure that all Node run the same PodJob: one-time task Cronjob: scheduled tasks higher-level objects, deployment and management PodService prevent Pod from losing contact define an access policy Label: label for a set of Pod Attach to a resource to associate objects, query, and filter Namespaces: namespaces, and logically isolate objects from Annotations: annotated kubernertes platform environment planning single-node deployment roadmap

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