Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

OSI

1-0 Bit stream

2-MAC: action, structure

| | ARP: resolve the corresponding MAC address based on the IP address; | |

3-IP address: function, structure, problem, solution (routing)

C

Non-C

Static state

Interface

IP address (this is highly recommended)

4-

five

six

seven

exchange

Routin

Network communication

Network composition

Network equipment

Interactive equipment

Routing Devic

Terminal equipment

Configure IP

Manual configuration

Automatic configuration

-DHCP

DHCP

-definition

-effect

-principle

The working process of DHCP is Cramp S, that is, client / server mode.

-device role distinction:

DHCP client-terminal device (PC, webcam, IP phone, network printer, etc.) # DHCP server-software: DHCP server software-hardware: PC-Server linux: directly enable DHCP service Windows-user version: install a DHCP software;-server version: enable DHCP service; router switch-DHCP message 1, dhcp discover: send by broadcast In order to request an IP address; the client sends 2, dhcp offer: the sending method is broadcast; the DHCP server responds to an IP address; 3, dhcp request: the sending method is broadcast; the client sends, in order to reconfirm; 4, dhcp ack: the sending method is broadcast; the DHCP server responds to the confirmation message; the broadcast message can only be transmitted in the same broadcast domain.

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DHCP configuration ideas:

0. Ensure the interworking of DHCP messages between the DHCP client and the server; # 1. Configure the DHCP client # configure PC to "automatically obtain IP addresses" 2. Configure the DHCP server # to remove IP addresses / segments that cannot be assigned automatically # create IP address pool & available IP address space & default gateway & DNS server # enable DHCP service; 3. Verify, test, save

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1. PC-Server acts as a DHCP server

2. Use the router as the DHCP server

Ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.10 / / excluding a contiguous address

Ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.13

Ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.15 / / exclude an IP address

Ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.17

Ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.19

Ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.10.11

!

Ip dhcp pool VLAN-10 / / create an IP dhcp address pool

Network 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 / / configure the network segment

Default-router 192.168.10.254 / / configure the gateway

Dns-server 8.8.8.8 / / configure the DNS server

!

Service dhcp / / enable the DHCP service; (how do I shut down the service?)

3. Use the multilayer switch as the DHCP server; (the command is exactly the same as Router)

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DHCP Relay

-scene

This technique is used when the DHCP server and the DHCP client are on different network segments.

You can allow DHCP requests sent by DHCP clients to be forwarded in a "unicast" way

Go to the DHCP server.

-implementation

Use the command under the gateway interface:

# ip helper-address x.x.x.x (this address represents the DHCP server address)

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Configuration:

1. Configure the DHCP client

Make sure that each PC is the way to automatically obtain IP addresses

2. Configure SW1

Create VLAN 10, 20 # put the relevant ports into the corresponding VLAN; # configure the interconnection link between switches-Trunk

3. Configure SW2

Create VLAN 10, 20, # put the relevant ports into the corresponding VLAN; # configure the interconnection link between switches-Trunk; # configure SW2 as the gateway for each VLAN & enable routing function & configure the SVI corresponding to each VLAN & configure the Internet segment with Router as a layer 3 port & configure the IP address of the interconnection port with Router-192.168.88.0Uniplex 24 & configure the route to the DHCP server network segment

4. Configure the relevant interface address of Router and the route to VLAN 10,20

5. Configure the port IP address (ip/mask/gateway) of DHCP-Server

6. Configure parameters related to DHCP server:

# create a DHCP address pool

-vlan 10

-vlan 20

# enable DHCP service

7. Configure DHCP relay under SVI on SW2:

Interface vlan 10-> ip helper-address 10.10.1.1

Interface vlan 20-> ip helper-address 10.10.1.1

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DHCP configuration steps on Huawei router: l

1. Ensure that the links between the client and the server are interconnected

# SW1

Create VLAN 10

Put the port into VLAN 10

# Gateway

Configure a gateway IP address for VLAN 10 on Router

2. Configure the DHCP client

Enter PC, select "automatic acquisition", and click "apply"

3. Configure DHCP server

Create IP address pool; ip pool VLAN-10 network 192.168.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0 gateway-list 192.168.10.254 dns-list 8.8.8.8 lease day 3 # enable DHCP service; dhcp enable # configure DHCP selection method-global on the port that receives DHCP messages Interface gi0/0/0 dhcp select global / / means that when a DHCP message is received on the port, it goes directly to the DHCP server to select an available IP address from the globally configured IP address pool.

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Huawei equipment configuration DHCP (interface mode)

0. Ensure that between the DHCP client and server

[SW] vlan 10

[sw] interface gi0/0/1 | gi0/0/2 | gi0/0/3

[sw-gi0/0/1] port link-type access

[sw-gi0/0/1] port default vlan 10

1. The DHCP service must be started first

[Gateway] dhcp enable

2. Configure DHCP related commands under the gateway interface corresponding to the specified network segment

[gateway] interface gi0/0/0

[gateway-gi0/0/0] ip address 192.168.10.254 255.255.255.0

[gateway-gi0/0/0] dhcp select interface

[gateway-gi0/0/0] dhcp server excluded-address 192.168.10.253

[gateway-gi0/0/0] dhcp server dns-list 8.8.8.8

[gateway-gi0/0/0] dhcp server lease day 3

Note:

The dhcp select interface configured under the Gateway port indicates:

When the device receives the DHCP-related message, it directly uses the DHCP configured on the interface.

Relevant configuration parameters. Do not find the relevant content of "ip pool" on the device.

DHCP-relay:

Dhcp enable

Interface gi0/0/0

Dhcp select relay

Dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.20.1

DHCP-Server

Dhcp enable

Ip pool VLAN-10

Interface gi0/0/0

Dhcp select global

Ip route-static 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.20.2

Case study:

Case 1: global-based DHCP configuration

1.1 question

Based on the global configuration of DHCP, the requirements are as follows.

Address Pool: 192.168.1.0 + 24

Gateway: 192.168.1.254

D N S:8.8.8.8

Lease: 3-day information

1.2 scenario

Use eNSP to build the experimental environment, as shown in figure-1.

1.3 steps

To implement this case, you need to follow these steps.

[dhcp] ip pool pool_tedu

[dhcp-ip-pool-pool_tedu] network 192.168.1.0 mask 24

[dhcp-ip-pool-pool_tedu] gateway-list 192.168.1.254

[dhcp-ip-pool-pool_tedu] dns-list 8.8.8.8

[dhcp-ip-pool-pool_tedu] lease day 3

[dhcp] dhcp enable

[dhcp] int g0/0/0

[dhcp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ip add 192.168.1.254 24

[dhcp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] dhcp select global

The configuration of host An is shown in figure-2:

View the acquired IP as shown in figure-3:

Also check the configuration of host B to verify that host A can ping host B.

Case 2: interface-based DHCP configuration

2.1 question

Configure DHCP based on the interface, the requirements are as follows.

Address Pool: 192.168.1.0 + 24

Gateway: 192.168.1.254

D N S:8.8.8.8

Lease: 3-day information

Set reserved address

2.2 scenario

Use eNSP to build the experimental environment, as shown in figure-4.

2.3 steps

To implement this case, you need to follow these steps.

[dhcp] dhcp enable

[dhcp] int g0/0/0

[dhcp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ip add 192.168.1.254 24

[dhcp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] dhcp select interface

[dhcp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] dhcp server dns-list 8.8.8.8

[dhcp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] dhcp server lease day 3

[dhcp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] dhcp server excluded-ip-address 192.168.1.200 192.168

. 1.253

The IP obtained by host An is shown in figure-5:

Also check the configuration of host B to verify that host A can ping host B.

3 case 3: configure DHCP Relay

3.1 question

Configure DHCP relay to allow clients to obtain addresses from the DHCP server.

3.2 scenario

Use eNSP to build the experimental environment, as shown in figure-6.

3.3 steps

To implement this case, you need to follow these steps.

[R1] dis cu

[V200R003C00]

#

Sysname R1

#

Snmp-agent local-engineid 800007DB03000000000000

Snmp-agent

#

Clock timezone China-Standard-Time minus 08:00:00

#

Portal local-server load portalpage.zip

#

Drop illegal-mac alarm

#

Set cpu-usage threshold 80 restore 75

#

Dhcp enable

#

Ip pool pool_tedu

Gateway-list 192.168.1.254

Network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0

Lease day 3 hour 0 minute 0

Dns-list 8.8.8.8

#

Aaa

Authentication-scheme default

Authorization-scheme default

Accounting-scheme default

Domain default

Domain default_admin

Local-user admin password cipher $$K8m.Nt84DZ} e#

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