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The Foundation of Oracle (1)

2025-01-25 Update From: SLTechnology News&Howtos shulou NAV: SLTechnology News&Howtos > Database >

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Database system:

Microsoft's SQL server, IBM's DB2, Oracle's Oracle, Mysql, etc.

Is a relatively well-known database management software. Now let's learn about the oracle database.

Manage Oracle database

OEM: oracle Enterprise Manager

Use graphic management by visiting https://localhost:1158/em/

Install sqldevelper

Use sqldevelper to manage databases

Use the sqlplus command to manage the database (3 methods):

$sqlplus / nolog

SQL > conn sys/ password as sysdba

$sqlplus sys/ password as sysdba

$sqlplus sys/ password @ orcl as sysdba / / add instance name

Start and shut down the database:

Log in as a user with oracle administrator privileges.

Usually log in as a user of sysdba.

Launch (startup):

Start the Oracle instance

Install the database by the instance

Open the database

Different states of the database:

Startup nomount:

Start only one instance, read the init.ora initialization parameter file, and start the background process

Initialize the system global area (SGA)

Startup mount:

Start the instance and install the database without opening the file

Read control files (data files and redo log files)

Startup open:

In the normal working state, can receive user requests.

Open the database in nomount:

Alter database mount

Alter database open

Start the database in mount:

Alter database open

Database shutdown:

Shutdown normal:

The next time you start, no instance recovery is required.

Shutdown immediate:

Forcibly roll back all currently active transactions and then disconnect all connected users.

Shutdown transactional:

All active transactions are completed and the database shuts down the database in shutdown immediate mode.

Shutdown abort:

You can use this method to close under the following circumstances

In an abnormal working state.

The database needs to be shut down immediately.

There was a problem starting the database instance.

Start the Oracle snooping process:

# lsnrctl start

Turn off the listening process:

# lsnrctl stop

Note: start the monitoring first, and then start the database.

View the status of the database:

SQL > select status from v$instance

/ / View the status of the database (default open)

Close the database and routines:

SQL > shutdown immediate

/ / the database is closed, the database is uninstalled, and the ORACLE routine is closed.

View database status

SQL > select status from v$instance

Start the routine:

SQL > startup nomount

/ / the ORACLE routine has been started.

SQL > select status from v$instance

/ / Database status STARTED

SQL > alter database open

/ / unable to open database

SQL > alter database mount

/ / load the database

Check that the status of the database is mount

SQL > alter database open

/ / Open the database

Check that the database status is open.

Open the instance process:

Nomount---mount---open

Start the routine and mount the database

SQL > shutdown immediate

/ / close the database first

SQL > startup mount

/ / start and mount.

Note:

The database cannot be loaded in the startup state of the routine and the control file cannot be read.

Close the database first and check the database status. Start the mount status again to check the status.

Open the database:

SQL > alter database open

And view the database status.

To enable the nomount or mount command, you must use the alter database command to perform the operation of opening the database.

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