Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

Introduction: dynamic host configuration protocol

Second, the function: dynamically obtain the IP address for the host, which can greatly reduce the burden of the administrator, improve the utilization of IP address, reduce the conflict of IP address and so on.

Third, the principle: first, the client broadcasts and sends a DHCP Discover packet, which will be received by the hosts that have installed DHCP and turned on the DHCP service in the same network segment. After receiving it, the DHCP server will first send the ARP broadcast to get the unused IP address, and then the DHCP server will encapsulate the IP address and related information, and then unicast send a DHCP Offer packet, and the client will accept the first service host that sends the DHCP Offer packet. Then the client broadcasts and sends a DHCP Request packet, which aims to tell all the service hosts that provide IP addresses that there are already selected hosts, and the hosts that do not select IP can release the provided IP address. Finally, the host of the DHCP service unicasts a DHCP ACK packet, including IP, gateway, and so on.

4. Experimental environment: Server 2016, Windows 10

Fifth, the experimental steps:

1. First, set the NICs of Windows10 and Server2016 to "host-only mode", as shown in the figure:

2. Then open the "Virtual Network Editor" in "Editing" in the virtual machine and find the "change Settings" in the lower right.

3. Immediately click "change Settings" to check "VMnet1", and then uncheck "use local DHCP service address to assign to virtual machine"

4. Next, take a look at the network card configuration of the client Win10, right-click "Network" on the desktop, select "Properties", and then click "change Adapter Settings".

5. After opening it, find the icon as shown in the figure, and right-click to open "Properties".

6. Then go to the interface below, and double-click the marked area on the way to enter:

7. After entering, select the two options as shown in the figure, confirm and exit, and never match them manually.

8. Set up the "DHCP" service and open the "Server Manager" in "start" in Server2016.

9. Wait for loading after entering "Server Manager" and find "add roles and Features" in "Dashboard"

10. Double-click "add roles and Features" here to enter the wizard interface, and then click "next"

11. Next, select the "role-based or feature-based installation" option as shown in the figure, and next

12. Then go back to the interface shown in the figure and select the "DHCP" option.

13. When selected, you will jump out of the screen below and click "add function".

14. Next, you will go to the following screen. Do not add any other functions, and click next.

15. Below you will see the content as shown in the figure. Pay attention to the "precautions" marked in the red box, then configure the one with an IP address, and then click next.

16. Then it is time to install the required "tools".

17. After installation, confirm whether there is an IP address, open "Network", select "Properties", click "change Adapter Settings", and then click "Properties" to open the Nic. Then you will go to the interface below, and double-click the marked area on the way to enter:

18. Next, configure the IP address as shown below.

19. At this time, you will find that the instrument management appears "DHCP". Here, the DHCP service is established, and the following is to manage it.

20. On the "start" menu, find "Windows Management tools", click "DHCP", and double-click to enter.

21. Click "DHCP" and you will see a host name

22. Click on the hostname and you will see "IPv4" and "IPv6", click "IPv4", and right-click "New scope"

23. Next, go to the thought screen and click next.

Let's give the scope a name

25. Click the next step to set the IP range. As shown in the figure, there are a total of 31 addresses in the set range.

26. Next, set "exclude addresses". As shown in the figure 6, if the addresses have been assigned, you need to add and exclude these addresses.

27. Then it's time to set the "lease period", where you can change the number of days, hours and minutes of the lease.

28. Set the "configure DHCP options" later

29. Click next and first go to the "router (default gateway), where it is assigned an IP address as shown in the figure."

30. Enter the interface below. The "parent domain" is not set for the time being, and the "IP address" is set to the local IP address shown in the figure.

31. Then click add and the following figure indicates that the IP address cannot be found.

32. It doesn't matter here. Click "Yes (Y)", and then "next". There will be "WINS server". You don't need it yet.

33. Next, you will go to the "activate scope" interface, in which you need to select "Yes", otherwise you will have to configure it manually, and the service will be built here.

34. Next, use the client to obtain the address, call the "command prompt", enter "ipconfig / renew" and enter to see the obtained IP address.

35. Then type "ipconfig / all" to check the DNS address

Here, leave a good address for BOSS, open the previously built "scope", right-click "reserve" below, and click "New retention".

37. Leave a "192.168.100.88" address for BOSS as shown in the picture.

38. How do you get the "MAC address" here? click the "command prompt" and enter "arp-a" and you will see the figure below:

39. Then go to the client to verify that the "physical address" is the address in the figure above.

Click on the address box, right-click to copy, and then paste it into the MAC address bar

41. Here is an IP address reserved for BOSS

42. Then go back to the client and see the original IP address and release it.

43. Use "ipconfig / renew" to get the address again, and then you will get the address "192.168.100.88".

44. Below, set the blacklist and whitelist of the server. When you find the "filter" in the interface below, you will see the "allow" and "reject" icons.

45. Set "reject" here, and right-click "reject" to select "New filter".

46. Then, you will see that you will be asked to fill in the "MAC address", copy and paste the previously obtained "physical address" here, and describe it to "add"

Here, however, the "refusal" has not yet taken effect.

48. See the small red arrow below? right-click and select "enable" to take effect the address in the "reject" directory.

49. Then let's verify that this address is blocked.

However, after waiting for a long time, there is no movement. Type "ipconfig" to see if there is an address, and you will see an address in the following figure, which is the address sent by the "IPv4 protocol".

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