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This article mainly explains "how to use Pyhcarm". The content in the article is simple and clear, and it is easy to learn and understand. Please follow the editor's train of thought to study and learn how to use Pyhcarm.

1. Theme

This paper introduces how to create, run and debug programs with Pycharm.

2. Preparatory work

The Pycharm version is 2.7 or higher.

Install at least one Python interpreter, 2.4 to 3.3

3. Download and install Pycharm

Download address: this page

4. Start PyCharm

Double-click the shortcut (pycharm.exe in windows or pycharm.sh in pycharm.bat;MacOS and Linux) to enter the welcome interface Welcome screen:

5. Create a simple project

Click the Create New Project link to enter the create Project dialog box and make relevant project settings.

Of course, you can also create a new project at any time by using the main menu command File → New Project:

First name the project, here it is named MySimplePythonApplication. Then change the project location, either using the default location or by clicking the browse button.

Next, select the project type. Pycharm presets several types of templates (Django, Google AppEngine, etc.) and creates related files by default.

Here we choose the Empty project type (more suitable for simple Python projects) and do not need any files preset by Pycharm.

Finally, specify the Python interpreter and select it in the drop-down list.

Click the OK button and the project is created.

6. Browse the directory structure of the project

The initial project directory (in Project tool window) is as follows:

At this point, only the project root and the External Libraries directory where the Python interpreter is defined exist.

Click the button on the main toolbar and select the Project Structure page to view the detailed project catalog information:

The MySimplePythonApplication.iml file is stored in the idea directory under the project root directory to record the current project structure, and there are several XML files under the directory to store the relevant configuration information. The idea directory is not visible in the Project tool window window.

Next, add a working directory to the root directory. On the Project Structure page, right-click the project root directory and select New Folder:

Enter a directory name:

Finally, tag the directory to the root of the source file: select the src directory, click, and mark it complete.

Click OK to close the settings dialog box.

Of course, the way to add a directory is not the only one. You can also create a Python file directly under the project root directory, where the project directory is defaulted to the source file root directory.

7. Create the Python class

Select the src directory in the project tool window window and press Alt+Insert:

Select Python file and enter a name (Solver):

After the class is created, open and edit:

8. Edit the source code

First, there are two lines of code generated by default in the file:

This is generated by Pycharm based on the template file template and automatically replaces the form variables $PROJECT_NAME and $USER.

Next we write a Mini Program to solve the quadratic equation.

Pycharm provides a variety of hints to help when writing code, for example, when creating a class, just enter a keyword, and a list of prompts pops up:

Select the keyword class, enter the class name (Solver), and Pycharm will prompt you to continue typing:

An error flag is displayed in the right slot and an error message is given when the mouse hovers over it. The LED at the top of the right slot is marked with the current code check body, green for everything is normal, yellow for warning, and red for error.

Continue to create "demo" member functions and experience the automatic completion of Pycharm code:

Continue to enter, unused variables are grayed out:

Next, the discriminant is calculated, using the math module, and since it has not been imported, Pycharm will report an error (red wavy line and red light bulb).

For the use mechanism of the red light bulb, see intention actions and quick fixes, the format problem is yellow light bulb, if there is an error, it is red light bulb.

Press Alt+Enter to view the prompts given by Pycharm:

Select to import the math library, and then calculate the discriminant by using the demo function in the Solver class at night:

Press Ctrl+Shift+F10 to run the script file, a console appears, enter the values of a, b, c, and find that Pycharm has encountered an error:

Here, when d (discriminant) is negative, the program reports an error. To avoid this, add the judgment statement Ctrl+Alt+T (Code → Surround with):

Pycharm automatically creates an if statement structure. Finally, if you want to execute the program multiple times, you need to nest a while loop on the outer layer, and the final effect of the code is as follows:

Next, prepare for debugging.

9. Run the program

There are three ways to run script files:

(1) Ctrl+Shift+F10 shortcut key

(2) use shortcut menu options

(3) use the run button of the main menu

View the running results:

10. Run / debug related configurations

Each script file is run and debugged in accordance with the specified configuration file (run/debug configuration), including the script name, working directory, preprocessing, and so on.

Pycharm has preset several general profile types (for Python scripts, Django applications, tests, and so on), which can be browsed in the Run/Debug Configurations dialog dialog box. You can use Run → Edit Configurations... Command or click the drop-down list in the Run area of the main toolbar to open the dialog box:

Take a closer look at the Edit Configurations dialog box, which contains two main sections: Python and Default

The content under the default run/debug list is the default configuration information, they do not have a specific name, but will be automatically loaded and used according to the type.

The node named Python above contains only a grayed out configuration file, Solver. It is a temporary configuration file temporary profile, which is the default configuration default configuration of the Python type created by Pycharm.

You can save your configuration files permanently, as many as you like.

11. Debugger

Set the breakpoint breakpoints before debugging, and click on the left slot:

Then right-click on the editing area and select Debug 'Solver':

The Debug tool window window is displayed, and debugging begins. The default layout of the debugging window is as follows:

Frames, variables, and console lamps are shown here. Of course, if you want the console to be visible all the time, drag it to the specified area:

Use stepping toolbar buttons to step into debugging:

Hit the breakpoint and the corresponding line turns blue:

12. Preliminary study on navigation function

If you break in the middle of your programming and don't know where to start when you come back, this uses an important navigation function: jump to the last editing position. Just press Ctrl+Shift+Backspace.

A quick view of the symbol definition, such as positioning the cursor over the call to sqrt, and pressing Ctrl+B,Pycharm will jump to the specified definition location of math.py:

Quickly find symbols, classes, and files. Press Ctrl+Alt+Shift+N and enter a name:

See here for more details.

13. Code refactoring

If you change the name of a function demo, all calls to it need to be changed in theory, where Pycharm provides code refactoring.

Press Shift+F6 and enter a new name in the dialog box:

Click Refactor to display the search results in Find tool window:

Click the Do Refacto button to complete the replacement:

Thank you for your reading, the above is the content of "how to use Pyhcarm", after the study of this article, I believe you have a deeper understanding of how to use Pyhcarm, and the specific use needs to be verified in practice. Here is, the editor will push for you more related knowledge points of the article, welcome to follow!

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