Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

1. Description of basic knowledge of system management

1.1. System directory structure

1.2. The difference between an absolute path and a relative path, and when and what path to use

Absolute path: the operation starts from the root.

Relative path: the operation will be performed from the current directory

When there is a subordinate relationship between the directory you are in and the directory you are going to, use the relative path

When there is no superior-subordinate relationship between the directory you are in and the directory you are going to, use the absolute path

1.3. The function and composition of the command prompt

Function: prompt the administrator to enter the command

1.4. System syntax format

Command parameter data information

two。 System management basic command description

2.1. System operation management command

Shutdown: system shutdown / restart command

Shutdown-r h5 / (0/now): the system will restart / shut down in 5 minutes / (immediately)

Shutdown-c: the system will cancel the restart / shutdown

R:reboot: restart

H:halt: stop, stop

2.2. Directory management command

Mkdir (make directory): create a directory, but when you create a directory, be sure to make sure that the directory you create exists one level above it.

Mkdir-p: create multi-level directories

Ls (list): list view

Ls-d: view the current directory

Cd (change directory): switch directories

Cd.. Switch to the previous directory

Cd-switch to the directory where you were last located

Cd changes to the home directory of the current system user

Cd ~ switch to the home directory of the current system user

Cd.. /.. Switch the upper 2-tier directory of the current directory

Change cd / dire to the fire directory

2.4 backup of system data information copy = > cp replication command

Syntax format: cp parameter source file (backup file required) destination file (file after backup)

Backup file information

Cp / etc/hosts / etc/hosts.bak

Cp / etc/hosts / opt/

Supplement: overwrite file problem

If you copy a file normally, you will be prompted to overwrite:

[root@oldboyedu ~] # cp / etc/hosts / opt/

Cp: overwrite'/ opt/hosts'? Y

[root@oldboyedu ~] # cat / opt/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

:: 1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

Oldboy

How to force an override:

Method 1:\ cp oldboy01.txt / opt/-ignore the override prompt

Method 2: / usr/bin/cp oldboy01.txt / opt/-ignore the override prompt

Backup directory information

Cp-r / oldboy/ / tmp/

2.5 system data information move operation (cut) move = > mv

Syntax format: mv parameter source file (need to move file) destination path (to what path)

Move file information:

Mv oldboy01.txt / tmp/

Mobile directory information

Mv / oldboy/ / tmp/

Rename operation:

Mv oldboy/ oldgirl/

2.6 system data deletion command remove = = rm

Delete file information

Rm-f / oldboy/oldboy01.txt

Delete directory information

Rm-rf / oldboy/

-r Recursively delete the data under the directory

-f forcibly delete directory data information (no confirmation prompt)

3. File management command

3.1touch

Touch file: create file file

3.2cat

Cat file: view the content shown off in the file file

3.3echo

Echo oldboy: output oldboy information to the top of the screen

Echo oldboy > file

Cat file: check whether there is oldboy in the file file

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