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This article mainly explains "how to build a PHP local development environment in Windows". The content of the article is simple and clear, and it is easy to learn and understand. Please follow the editor's train of thought to study and learn "how to build a PHP local development environment in Windows".

1. Preface

In fact, there is no need to panic, Windows just no longer provides Windows version of PHP for PHP 8.0 and subsequent versions, and the previous version can be safely used, but the previous Windows-based PHP integrated development environment needs to be prepared for the future.

However, here in the Academy, the local integrated development environment I have always recommended is Laradock. This Docker image is based on Linux and has nothing to do with the Windows system itself, so it is not affected by this support.

If you do not use Laradock, you can also bypass this limitation by using Windows's official Linux virtual machine solution WSL to build a local PHP development environment. And the academy believes that this PHP environment based on Linux virtual machine is more powerful and scalable than the Windows version of PHP:

First of all, all kinds of PHP extensions are developed, compiled and used first for the Linux system, and the corresponding extension of the Windows system itself will lag behind. If it is not supported for a long time, it will not be used, such as the previous Redis extension; in addition, the limitations of the Windows system will lead to the inability of some PHP library functions to be called, which in a sense weakens the functions of the Windows version of PHP, such as the library functions related to mail sending. Finally, the operating system of our production environment is basically Linux. If Windows is used as the local development environment, all the code, extensions and functions must be strictly tested by the test system before they can be put online, otherwise there may be inconsistencies in the processing mechanisms of different operating systems that lead to the normal operation of the local code and the failure of the online environment.

So over the years, countless Qianlang have made continuous efforts and iterations on solutions that are consistent with the online production environment, such as native virtual machines, Vagrant, Docker, and other local development environments. If at this point in time in 2020, they are still doing local development in order not to change, in order to simply adhere to the so-called Windows version of the PHP development environment, and then tremble every time they launch. Or it is a bit anachronistic and out of step with the times to extend the problem of not being able to use / test some features locally.

So in a sense, it is a good thing for Windows to announce that it is no longer supported by PHP. Everyone can play by themselves and play more walkily. Here, Academy Jun shows you two solutions to build a development environment in Windows system instead of native PHP.

One is based on WSL virtual machine, the other is based on Laradock. First, let's take a look at how to build a PHP native development environment based on WSL.

Here, the college uses its own Windows 10 professional operating system as an example as a demonstration platform. The advantage of using Windows 10 Professional Edition is that it is developer-friendly and can support many things natively, such as Docker Desktop for Windows, so you don't have to bother with other alternative solutions. If you are using Windows as the main operating system, it is recommended to upgrade to Windows 10 Professional Edition.

2. Install Ubuntu for WSL

WSL's full name is Windows Subsystem for Linux, which is the Linux subsystem of Windows. In fact, it is a Linux virtual machine highly integrated with Windows system, which greatly simplifies the traditional process and configuration of installing / starting a virtual machine through software such as VirtualBox or VMware, and is highly compatible with the local host system (shared file system, network layer, process list, etc.).

Take the PHP application as an example, you can directly access the PHP project running in WSL without configuring port mapping, or you can directly use some host software, such as Visual Studio Code, in WSL. It is very convenient to edit virtual machine configuration files.

For the enabling and initialization configuration of WSL (I am using WSL 2 here), you can refer to the relevant document provided by Windows: Windows Subsystem for Linux Installation Guide for Windows 10. After executing the command and restarting the system, search for "Linux" in the Windows store and select "Ubuntu 18.04" distribution to download and install:

After the installation is complete, you can start the Ubuntu virtual machine with the start button:

3. System initialization

In the virtual machine terminal window that opens, you can use the Ubuntu software source image address provided by Alibaba instead of the address that comes with the system to speed up the software download speed of the virtual machine. For specific steps, please refer to the settings of this tutorial. Pay attention to selecting the configuration suitable for Ubuntu 18.04 version to update the software source.

Then run the following command to update and upgrade the Ubuntu system:

Sudo apt update

Sudo apt upgrade

4. Install PHP related software

Next, we can fully use this Ubuntu virtual machine terminal window as the workbench of the local development environment (Workspace, which opens quickly, just like the local terminal tools), and all the shit terminal tools that come with Windows can be thrown away (command line tools, Powershell, Windows Terminal).

First, we run the following command to install PHP in the virtual machine:

Sudo apt install php php-mbstring php-dom php-xml php-zip php-curl php-xdebug

We installed the PHP core and some necessary extensions, and then installed Composer:

Sudo apt install composer

You can also use the official installation procedure: Installation-Linux/Unix/macOS for the installation of Composer.

Finally, let's install Git:

Sudo apt install git

You can verify that the relevant software has been installed successfully by checking the version number:

As you can see, the currently installed version of PHP is 7.2.24, and you can upgrade PHP to a later version by upgrading the software source.

5. Access the local PHP script

Finally, let's test running the PHP script on the Windows host in the Ubuntu virtual machine terminal window. The file system of the Windows host is mounted in the / mnt directory of the Ubuntu virtual machine:

The c above represents the C disk of the Windows host, and d represents the D disk of the Windows host. Through ls-l d, we can see that it is exactly the same as the directory structure of the D disk directory of the Windows file system:

We can create a new test.php under the scripts directory of disk D through Visual Studio Code:

Then execute the PHP script in the Ubuntu virtual machine:

In this way, we can write code on the Windows host through editors such as Visual Studio Code or PhpStorm, and then use the Ubuntu virtual machine as the terminal window to execute the PHP code under the corresponding mount directory.

Of course, you can also install Nginx, MySQL, Apache and other software in WSL, and then launch a complete PHP Web project and access it through a host browser, just as if the project is running on a local Windows system. All of this benefits from the fact that WSL shares the network and file system with the Windows host, so there is no need to configure port mapping and shared folders like traditional virtual machines.

Thank you for your reading, the above is the content of "how to build a local development environment for PHP in Windows". After the study of this article, I believe you have a deeper understanding of how to build a local development environment for PHP in Windows. Here is, the editor will push for you more related knowledge points of the article, welcome to follow!

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