Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

TCP/IP protocol and configuration, configuration of workgroup networks, configuration of Internet access

TCP/IP protocol

TCP/IP communication protocol: It is the most complete and widely supported communication protocol at present. It can communicate between computers with different network architectures and different operating systems. It is the standard communication protocol of the Internet.

2. Three elements of communication between hosts

IP address subnet mask IP router

II. IP address

Role: A network address used to identify a node.

2, composition: 32 binary bits, converted to 4 decimal numbers to represent, between the. Separation is also known as dot decimal.

by network bit + host bit

There are two types of IP addresses: static IP addresses and dynamic IP addresses.

3. IP address classification:

A 1 ~ 127 net + main + main B 128 ~ 191 net + main + main

C 192 ~ 223 net + net + main D 224 ~ 239 multicast (multicast)

E 240 - 254 Scientific research

4. Default subnet mask

Class A 255.0.0.0 Class B 255.255.0.0 Class C 255.255.255.0

5. Gateway

It's the gateway between one network and another.

Public IP address and private IP address

Public address: also known as a public address, through which direct access to the Internet, it is wide area network category.

Private address: also known as private network address, dedicated to the internal use of organizations, it is within the scope of the local area network, outside the local area network is unable to access the Internet.

Private address range:

Class A 10.0.0.1 ~ 10.255.255.254

Class B 172.16.0.1 ~ 172.31.255.254

Class C 192.168.0.1 ~ 192.168.255.254

3. Configure IP address parameters

1. View IP address configuration information

began| control panel| Network and Sharing Center| Click the View Status button to the right of Local Connections| Click Details

Or Win + R key combination run: Cmd open command line window, execute ipconfig

ipconfig /all View detailed IP configuration.

2. Backup configuration of IP address

An alternate configuration is added when you select Get IP Address Automatically, which is automatically enabled when the computer fails to get parameters such as an IP address from the DHCP server.

Standby configurations are available in two ways:

1) Dedicated IP addresses: 169.254.0.1 ~ 169.254.255.254, subnet mask: 255.255.0.0

2) User manual configuration:

3. Configure IP address/default gateway

Network--Right-click--Properties--Change Adapter Settings--Select a Network Right-click--Properties--Protocol Version 4 --Properties--Enable

Use the following IP address--configure IP address

4. Test network connectivity

ping IP address of target host

Perform 127.0.0.1 ~ 127.0.0.254 Verify TCP/IP configuration is correct

5. Common ideas for network troubleshooting

① First ping loopback address 127.0.0.1 to check TCP/IP driver

② Ping other hosts in this network segment to check the communication of intranet.

③ Ping the default gateway again to check the outbound route.

④ Ping other hosts on other network segments to check remote connectivity

Enable or disable firewall

began| control panel| Windows Firewall| Click the Change Settings button

IV. Configuration of the Working Group Network

The name each computer sets for itself.

Note: Computer names must be unique on the network, even if they are in different Workgroups. Changing the computer name requires a restart of the computer to take effect.

2. Change the computer name

Right-click-Computer-Properties-Advanced System Settings-Computer Name and Workgroup Name-Change-

3. Name of Working Group

Each computer declares the name of its own working group. The characteristics of the working group are that multiple hosts can join the same working group. There is no management machine (team leader) in the working group. Each computer is independent and has equal status.

4. Establishment of working groups

Right-click this PC--Manage--Local Users/Local Groups--New Users/New Groups--Create

5. Join designated working groups (two methods)

① Right mouse click on my computer--Manage--Local users and groups--Double click on the group you want to enter--Add--Enter member name--Check name--OK--Restart virtual machine and take effect

② Right mouse click on my computer--Manage--Local users and groups--Double click on users--Belonging to--Enter the group name to join--Check the name--OK--Restart the virtual machine and take effect

6. Access to the Workgroup Network

Network--Properties--Change Advanced Sharing Settings--Enable Network Discovery and File Sharing

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