Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

Compared with upgrading to Windows 8, it is relatively easy for enterprise users to use Windows Server 2012. The biggest change in Windows Server 2012 is not in style, in addition to the Modern UI interface, but based on components built by Microsoft when it released the second version of Windows Server 2008 three years ago. It is worth mentioning that Windows Server 2012 retains and greatly expands two management functions that Windows Server 2008 R2 network managers are familiar with: Server manager and Powershell.

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Compared with the previous version, Windows Server 2012 has a lot of enhanced features, but on the whole, the new features it provides cannot simply be described as "upgrade". Microsoft continues the practice of "embracing and expanding" the features of competitive products and former partners (such as Microsoft's previous partnership with Novell, which then gobbled up Novell's share of the web software market), merging many of the previous high-end server and virtualized storage features into a new product in Windows Server 2012. The function of Hyper-v, which was previously reported by Tianji, has provided enough bright spots, and the industry regards it as a powerful weapon that threatens VMware's business model.

So it is impossible to summarize all the features of Windows Server 2012 in one article. However, since we have tried Windows Server 2012 Standard Edition for only a week or so, we can not give a comprehensive evaluation, but we can still describe and summarize the product as a user of a small and medium-sized organization.

The author wants to explain the new storage and file server functions of Windows Server 2012 as a whole, as well as the ability for enterprises to complete damage repair without large-scale investment in other hardware and software. In addition, we will talk about the improved management and deployment capabilities of Windows Server 2012 and how they can be effectively combined with existing server deployments. Finally, we will analyze the changes in Windows Server 2012 authorization and their impact on windows server server deployment. In this article, the author will focus on the new storage and file server features and licensing changes of Windows Server 2012 for Windows Server 2012.

Simplification of the version

Windows server 2012 currently has two versions-Standard and data Center, while server 2008 has released as many as six. Server 2012 no longer offers "small Business Standard Edition", "Enterprise Edition", "HPC Edition" or "Web version".

But Microsoft will provide an additional hpc software package for customers who need high-performance computing. The distinction between the two versions of Server 2012 is simple. If you want to run large software on a unique server, such as exhange and sharepoint server software, sql server databases, or other services beyond basic file and printing services, you can choose the standard version of server 2012. If you need to run multiple virtual machines, you should choose the data center version.

Microsoft will soon release two other versions of server 2012. The first "basic version" (foundation edition), mainly sold through contract manufacturing channels, is intended for servers that do not have virtualization capabilities. Another "essential version" (essentials) is also based on streamlined code, which replaces windows server 2011 small Business essential and will be released at the end of this year. (Microsoft recently released a preemptive version of this version, which we will evaluate.)

Both Server 2012 Standard Edition and data Center Edition support very large data processing, with much more storage and memory than the second version of server 2008. The product can support up to 320 logical processors, or 320 cpu cores, twice as many as the second version of server 2008. The memory capacity has also doubled, reaching 4T of memory. The failure cut-off of server 2012 can support 64 cluster points, while the previous version can only support 16 cluster points.

Enhanced function of Powshell

The server manager (server manager) of Server 2012 has taken on a new look. Powershell has also been given more powerful customization and control of server systems and functions of the "commandlets" and interface. Everything that users can set in Server 2012 can be controlled through powershell and can be controlled by local or remote scripts. This means that system administrators only need to use the tools provided by server 2012 to control every step of deploying servers from the local or cloud through the enhanced network capabilities of server 2012, whether it is the private cloud of the enterprise, the data center provided by the service provider, or the public cloud deployed by someone.

Figure: the new server manager (server manager) of Server 2012 makes it very convenient for new windows administrators to manage local and remote servers.

Timothy warner, a professional windows system administrator trainer, tells us that server 2012 is by far the most "upgraded" system, and that most windows system administrators do not need a steep learning curve to master the system.

In my personal experience, although the new systems provided by server 2012 (such as powershell, which has been greatly expanded) are powerful and take time to control, server 2012 is easier to manage and deploy than its predecessor. For example, to configure a new active Directory domain name, the effort I spent on server2012 was much more comfortable and faster than in my predecessor's system. All this is thanks to windows management framework 3.0, which includes power shell meters for server management functions. For organizations with simple devices, all the system administrator needs is servewr manager.

Server manager of the previous system, like other windows management tools, uses a two-panel browser interface. The new server manager of Server 2012 is a function-driven instrumentation interface that puts login data and administrator tools often needed by server functions at the forefront.

[figure: comparing the Manager interface of the second version of server 2008]

Like previous managers, the manager of server 2012 allows administrators to manage local and remote servers. However, server 2012 can use the Manager to connect directly to the powershell session of the remote server to add and remove server functions remotely.

[figure: Server 2012 add roles and functions wizard when setting up the run server active directory]

Calculate the new authorization

The licensing problem with Server 2012 is not trivial. Before users deploy server 2012, it should be noted that Microsoft has rewritten the license for the server platform in the second edition of server 2008. Because of the confusion caused by multiple versions of the server, Microsoft decided to license according to the number of processors, and this simplification also complicates the process of server authorization configuration. The standard version and the data center version of server 2012 are equivalent in functionality. Even classes such as clusters, which used to be reserved for high-end server skus, are now centralized in the standard edition. The only difference is the number of server virtual machines supported in each license. The standard version, priced at $882, supports up to two processors per license and only two server virtual machines. The data center version costs $4809 and supports an unlimited number of server virtual machines. Users can use the same license for virtual machines running server 2012 on the same machine. Therefore, one standard edition license for two socker servers can run three server 2012 standard editions-one physically installed and two virtual.

If the user needs to run 8 server 2012 (or any x8 server 2012), at least four standard edition licenses are required. If users need to run sub-servers other than windows server (such as linux,windows 7 for vdi), they can choose to use free hyper-v server 2012 on other servers, which is also supported by an unlimited number of virtual machines. This is not a selling point that Microsoft is trying to sell, but it does make server 2012 attractive to small businesses that want to deploy a large number of virtual machines without many administrators.

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