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The necessity of using the database:

A large amount of data and information can be stored structurally, which is convenient for users to retrieve and access effectively.

It can effectively maintain the consistency and integrity of data information and reduce data redundancy.

It can meet the sharing and security requirements of the application.

Common databases are: SQL Server, MySQL, Oracle, etc. Today we briefly introduce we now briefly introduce SQL server.

SQL Server runs in the Windows operating environment and has a relatively friendly graphical interface.

Let's briefly introduce the basic concepts of a database:

Data: symbols that describe things, including not only numbers, words, graphics, images, sounds, archives, etc.

In the database, the data is stored in a uniform format in the form of "records" rather than disorganized.

A row of data stored in a database is called a record. Each entry in each record is called a "column", so it is much more comfortable to read and not to be mixed together.

Different records are organized together to form a "table" of the database. Tables are used to store specific data. A database is a collection of tables, which is a collection of interrelated data stored in a certain organizational way. Usually, the database does not simply store the data, but also represents the relationship between them, so the description of the relationship is also part of the database.

Database management system (DBMS) is a system software that realizes the effective organization, management, storage and acquisition of database resources. The main functions are:

Establishment and maintenance function of database

Data definition function

Data manipulation function

Operation and management function of database

Communication function.

Database system (DBS) is a man-machine system, which is generally composed of hardware, operating system, database, DBMS, application software and database users. Users can operate the database through DBMS or through applications.

Database administrator (DBA) is responsible for database update and backup, database system maintenance, user management and other work to ensure the normal operation of the database.

The development history of the database:

Primary stage-the first Generation Database: database system based on hierarchical Model and mesh Model

Intermediate stage-second generation database: relational database

Advanced stage-the third generation database: new database for different fields, object-oriented database, "relational-object" database.

Nowadays, most databases are relational databases.

The data model is the core and foundation of the database system, showing the data structure, defining data operations and constraints, including data structures, data operations and data constraints.

Mesh model:

Data structure: diagram; data operation: navigation; data constraint: not easy to implement.

Represents a complex many-to-many relationship with minimal redundancy. But there is no specific implementation, there is no real database system developed by this model.

Hierarchical model:

Data structure: tree; data operation: navigation; data constraint: difficult to implement.

Represents an one-to-many relationship. IMS database system developed by IBM company.

Relational model:

Data structure: Emurr (entity-relation) diagram; data operation: SQL (structured query language); data constraint: easy to implement.

In the figure: rectangle: entity; ellipse: attribute.

Most of them are relational models.

Next, install the SQL Server database on Windows server 2016:

Prepare before installation:

SQL Server 2016 development version can be installed on Windows8/8.1/10, but the enterprise version does not support it, and the features are the same. However, the development version cannot be deployed to the actual production environment.

Security considerations:

Enhance physical security

Quarantine service

Use the firewall

Configure a secure file system

Disable unnecessary protocols (for example, sharing)

During the installation process (it is not recommended to deploy the SQL server database in a domain environment), we use it for testing, so install the development version and run setup.exe under the installation directory as an administrator:

Link: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1MDQG_lc6r6UIvAXzH7d92w

Extraction code: vtmn

It takes a long time to install, wait patiently!

We installed client management software on Windows server 2016 and client Windows 10

If you want the client to log in remotely and manage the database, you need to:

A restart is required to take effect.

Client authentication can use the administrator of the database for authentication login and management; you can also use system users, but only if there is the same user name and password on the server.

That's all for the introduction.

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