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This article mainly explains "how to obtain the Linux environment". The content of the article is simple and clear, and it is easy to learn and understand. Please follow the editor's train of thought to study and learn "how to obtain the Linux environment".

2.1There are three ways to get a Linux environment

To learn Linux, you must first obtain a Linux host environment. In general, you can obtain a Linux environment in three ways.

1. Dual system installation

If there is no idle computer, or the computer of the existing Windows system has enough hard disk space, you can consider dividing part of the hard disk space to install the Linux operating system, and eventually form a dual-system computer.

Advantages: economical and affordable, and the requirement of computer hardware is not too high.

Disadvantages: the installation of dual systems is more dangerous, accidentally may cause the entire hard disk data loss; in the development process to use Windows tools, the need for system switching, is not very convenient.

two。 New hard disk installation

3. Install a virtual machine

If the computer configuration is high, you can consider the virtual machine scheme. Install the virtual machine software under Windows, then create a virtual computer through the virtual machine software, and finally install the Linux operating system in the virtual computer; you can also install Linux, install the virtual machine in Linux and then install Windows.

The commonly used virtual machine software are VMware, Virtual Box and Virtual PC, and different virtual machine software are used in different ways. The following is an example of VMware. Advantages: it is convenient to install and use Linux; you can also use Windows system at the same time. Disadvantages: high requirements for computer hardware, especially memory, recommended 4GB or above.

Using a virtual machine under Windows, in addition to continuing to use the tools under Windows, has the following benefits:

A computer can store multiple virtual machines at the same time, so that there can be multiple different versions of the Linux system

If the hardware allows, you can even run multiple virtual machines at the same time.

The installed virtual machine can be copied and copied at will, making it easy to migrate and spread between different computers.

2.2 release selection and ISO download

In the first chapter, when introducing the Linux distribution, it is mentioned that there are many distributions of Linux, even a dozen or so commonly used distributions. There are differences in installation and use between different distributions, so choosing an appropriate distribution can promote the learning of Linux.

First of all, we should consider the popularity of the release. The more popular the release, the more users. It is also convenient to seek technical support if you encounter problems. If you choose a minority distribution, it is not so convenient to seek technical support.

Second, consider how easy it is to use the distribution. Generally speaking, the easier the distribution is, the more popular it is.

In order to develop embedded Linux, we must also consider the problem of embedded Linux development tools. It is best to choose the distribution version chosen by the processor semiconductor manufacturer and the development platform manufacturer, so that you can directly use the various tools provided by the semiconductor or the development platform factory to reduce the obstacles in the development process.

Based on the above three reasons, we chose the Ubuntu distribution, the following installation and use of Ubuntu as an example. There are many versions of Ubuntu itself, and the exact version we chose is Ubuntu 12.04.5, which is currently the most suitable Ubuntu LTS (long-term support) version for embedded Linux development.

Ubuntu 12.04 download address: https://www.yisu.com/softs/163109.html, the screenshot of the web interface is shown in figure 2.1.

Figure 2.1 Ubuntu image download web interface

It is recommended to choose the Desktop version, whether it is the 32-bit version or the 64-bit version, which needs to be decided according to the computer hardware. If the hardware allows, it is recommended to choose the 64-bit version.

After downloading the ISO file, if the virtual installation is carried out, the ISO file can be used directly; if the physical installation is carried out, the ISO can be carved into a boot disc, or a USB boot disk can be made with unetbootin-windows software.

With the ISO image downloaded from the Ubuntu official website, you can only get a pure Ubuntu system after installation. If you download the repackaged Ubuntu image from www.zlg.cn/linux, you will get the Ubuntu system that has built the embedded Linux development environment after installation.

If you are using a virtual machine, you can also choose to download the installed Ubuntu virtual machine files, please refer to Section 2.1.

2.3 VMware Player Software 2.3.1 download and installation

Open the official VMware website, enter the download area, and download non-commercial VMware Player software.

Download address: https://www.yisu.com/softs/60081.html

On the download page, select download the VMware Player for Windows 32-bit and 64-bit software, as shown in figure 2.2.

Figure 2.2 VMware Player download page

By the time this book is finished, VMware Player has been updated to version 7.0. there is no support for the 32-bit system. Please choose version 6.0 to download the 32-bit system.

After the file download is complete, get the VMware-player-6.0.2-1744117.exe program installation file (the specific file name is based on the file actually downloaded). Double-click the program installation file and select next in the pop-up dialog box, as shown in figure 2.3.

Figure 2.3 installing VMware Player

Select I accept the terms of the license agreement in the pop-up license Agreement dialog box, as shown in figure 2.4.

Figure 2.4 acceptance of the license Agreement

Then click "next" according to the default settings until the interface shown in figure 2.5.

Figure 2.5 preparing for installation

Click the "continue" button to install the VMware Player software, which is shown in figure 2.6 when the installation is complete.

Figure 2.6 complete the installation

2.3.2 set up virtualization support

For most PC, the motherboard setting supports virtualization by default, which is not required, but for some laptops, virtualization support is turned off by default, and you need to enable the virtual machine to work properly.

To set virtualization support, you need to enter the system BIOS to operate. There are also differences in the methods for notebooks of different brands to enter BIOS. Some continue to press F2 key to enter BIOS when starting up, and some are F10 key. For details, please refer to the motherboard description of the corresponding brand computer.

When you enter the BIOS system, find the Intel Virtualization Technology option and configure it as Enable, as shown in figure 2.7. Note that the location and description of the corresponding options in the BIOS of different PC may be different, please refer to the actual situation.

Figure 2.7 enable Intel Virtualization Technology

After setting up virtualization support, save and exit BIOS and restart your computer.

2.4 use off-the-shelf virtual machines

As mentioned earlier, virtual machines can be migrated and spread between different computers. If you find it troublesome to install the Linux operating system, or if you don't want to install it for the time being, you can directly use the virtual machine image that has been installed. Open http://www.zlg.cn/linux, download the installed Ubuntu 12.04 virtual machine image, store it to the hard disk with enough free space (recommended 40GB or above) and decompress it, and you will get the installed virtual machine, as shown in figure 2.8.

Figure 2.8 downloaded virtual machine image and unzipped folder

The download page provides both 64-bit and 32-bit virtual machine files, please choose according to your computer hardware: computers with 32-bit processors can only use 32-bit images, while computers with 64-bit processors can choose either 32-bit or 64-bit operating systems.

Open the WMware Player software, click "Open Virtual Machine", and select to open the existing virtual machine, as shown in figure 2.9.

Figure 2.9 Select "turn on virtual machine"

In the file browser, find the directory you just unzipped from the virtual machine, and open select Open the virtual machine configuration file, as shown in figure 2.10.

Figure 2.10 Open virtual machine configuration file

The VMware Player interface that opens the virtual machine configuration file is shown in figure 2.11. Click "play Virtual Machine" to start the virtual machine.

Figure 2.11 the interface after the virtual machine is loaded successfully

The virtual machine file is copied to a new location, and the dialog box shown in figure 2.12 appears the first time you run the virtual machine. Select "I have copied the virtual machine".

Figure 2.12 Select "I copied it"

After that, the virtual machine will start normally, and after starting successfully, you can see the Ubuntu desktop, as shown in figure 2.13.

Figure 2.13VMware Player successfully starts the Ubuntu virtual machine

After the Ubuntu system is successfully started in VMware Player, you can read Section 2.7. after a preliminary understanding of Ubuntu, you can move on to Chapter 3 and start learning Linux commands.

If you want to learn to install Ubuntu later, you can create a new virtual machine in a different directory and install a new Ubuntu system.

On some computers, especially laptops, there may be a black screen after starting the login, which may be due to the fact that the VMware software setting turns on the "accelerate 3D graphics" option by default.

First close the virtual machine system, open the virtual machine and load the virtual machine configuration file, in the VMware Player main interface, select "Edit virtual machine settings", select "display" in the "hardware" tab, and uncheck the front of "accelerated 3D graphics", as shown in figure 2.14.

Figure 2.14 turn off 3D graphics acceleration

Thank you for your reading, the above is the content of "how to obtain the Linux environment", after the study of this article, I believe you have a deeper understanding of how to obtain the Linux environment, and the specific use needs to be verified in practice. Here is, the editor will push for you more related knowledge points of the article, welcome to follow!

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