Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

Produced by big data Digest

Compilation: Xing Chang, Cao Peixin

Before the official beginning of this article, Abstract bacteria will show you a few pictures.

Look at this lonely pillar. It's actually a communication base station.

Look at this ordinary street lamp, it is also a communication base station.

Let's look at this tree that is neither sad nor happy. It is still a communication base station.

Finally, let's take a look at the air conditioner that hangs itself in the southeast branch. It is also a communication base station.

What makes communication base stations have to rely on camouflage to survive? The answer is the surrounding residents who use these base stations.

I do not know where I heard the news, some people think that the radiation generated by the surrounding mobile phone communication base stations will affect their health, so in many places, the communication base stations have been artificially damaged by local residents. or when the operator installs the communication base station horizontally, sometimes causes too much trouble and even alarms the police, the operator has to issue a statement: I can't do your work in this area!

In this case, unspeakable operators can only use various means to camouflage the communication base station, which not only increases the cost, but also has to be careful in maintenance, lest the surrounding residents find out.

Now that 5G has entered the commercial era, there are many new base stations to start construction, so where does the theory that communication base stations radiation cause cancer come from? Will the 5G communication base station pose a health threat to the people around you? Abstract bacteria to take you to find out.

A rumor caused by an inaccurate report

The question of whether radio communications will produce radiation harmful to human health can actually be traced back to 19 years ago, when an inaccurate report was given by an imprecise physicist, which can lead to people's misunderstanding of a technology, and sometimes even rumors and fears.

Back in 2000, the Broward Public School in Florida was considering, like many affluent school districts at the time, preparing laptops and wireless networks for classrooms and 250000 students.

But before implementing this policy, the school district asked consultant and physicist Bill P. Curry to study whether wireless networks affect the health of students. As a result, Dr. Curry's report showed that the technology "may cause serious health hazards!" He got a terrible result in a chart labeled "Microwave absorption of brain tissue (gray matter)".

Report published by Bill P. Curry

Report link:

Http://www.stayonthetruth.com/resources/Curry%20letter%20re%20Wireless%20in%20school%20room.pdf

The chart in the report shows that the radiation dose received by the brain increases from left to right as the frequency of the wireless signal increases. At first, the slope is gentle, but when the wireless frequency associated with wireless network communication is reached, it rises in a straight line, indicating a dangerous level.

"this picture shows the reason why I am worried." Curry wrote in the report. His report details how radio waves cause brain cancer, a deadly disease.

Over the years, with the popularity of mobile phones, cell phone towers and wireless local area networks, Curry warnings have become more and more widespread, resonating with educators, consumers and even the other side of the world.

In fact, to a considerable extent, many people today worry about the health effects of radiation from 5G communications, which can be traced back to this scientist and this chart, but unfortunately, the report given by the doctor, who has been engaged in applied physics for 45 years, is wrong, because later research shows that Dr. Curry, who lacks biological knowledge, does not take into account the protective mechanism of human skin.

Will 5G cause brain cancer or other diseases?

In response to Dr Curry's report, researchers with the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation say that, to a certain extent, radio waves are not less dangerous but safer at higher frequencies. (with the exception of extremely high frequency ionizing radiation, such as X-rays, it does pose a health threat, but the frequency is above 3000000GHz, so it will not be discussed here.)

They first refuted the research method of Dr Curry, who studied in the laboratory that radio waves affected isolated tissues and mistakenly mapped the results to cells inside the body.

So his analysis did not take into account the protective effect of human skin. At higher radio frequencies, the skin can act as a barrier to protect internal organs, including the brain, from radiation.

Gary Brown, an expert in the technical department in Broward, worked with Dr. Curry to prepare the report. "Dr. Curry was a very smart man," he recalled. But Dr Curry lacks biological expertise. He can easily solve atomic and electromagnetic problems, but he has no formal training in complex biomedical research.

Christopher M. Collins, a professor of radiology at New York University who has been studying the effects of high-frequency electromagnetic waves on humans, also said that "high-frequency electromagnetic waves do not penetrate the skin." Dr. Curry's chart does not take into account the "shielding effect" of the skin.

It seems that Dr. Curry's argument is basically untenable, so let's take a look at 5G.

The latest generation of 5G communication has two working frequencies, one is the Sub-6 band, the frequency is from 450Mhz to 6000Mhz, and the other millimeter wave band will be close to the highest frequency of the radio wave spectrum, that is, the radio frequency specified by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU)-extremely high frequency (EHF), that is, the 30GHz to 300Ghz section in the table (5G actually uses 24250Mhz-52600Mhz), and this band is most considered to pose a threat to human health.

Picture from the New York Times, from: national Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Academy of Sciences, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Congressional Research Service, American Society of Electrical and Electronic Engineers

However, according to a Radio Frequency and Microwave Security Project published by Cornell University, the absorption of radio frequency radiation and the heating of human tissue depend on several factors, including wavelength and wavefront characteristics. The frequency greater than 10000 MHz (10GHz) is mainly absorbed by the outer layer of the skin.

The frequency penetrates deeper between 2.5GHz and 10Ghz (3 mm to 2 cm), and between 2500MHz and 1300MHz, penetration and absorption are sufficient to cause tissue heat damage to internal organs. Therefore, the radio frequency and microwave in the absorption and penetration depth tissue seem to be the inverse function of frequency.

Comparison of radiation penetration depth and frequency of human tissue

In that case, someone will ask again, the wireless local area network is between 2400MHz and 5000MHz, so why don't you feel the radiation?

This is also explained in the report that electromagnetic radiation is affected by many factors, not only on its frequency, but also on the exposed geometry and the dielectric properties of the tissue. Combining these factors, the actual absorbed energy can better represent the biological effect of electromagnetic radiation, which is defined as electromagnetic wave absorption ratio (SAR). After reviewing a large number of biological data, some standard-setting bodies (such as ACGIH, IEEE/ANSI, ICNIRP, FCC, etc.) believe that the human whole body SAR should not exceed 4.0W/kg.

In our country, the restriction for mobile phone SAR is that the SAR limit value is 10g average, and the limit value is 2.0W and KgMagne5G phone is no exception.

What about the 5G communication base station? 5G communication base stations are divided into macro base stations and micro base stations, and more are micro base stations. The power of 5G macro base stations is about 200W, so suppose you make a phone call 10 meters near a 5G macro base station. The electromagnetic radiation per unit area should be 200W divided by the surface area of a ball with a diameter of 10 meters, which is about 15.9 microwatts per cubic centimeter. It is lower than the maximum power density of 40 microwatts per square centimeter in the communication frequency band of "electromagnetic Environment Control limit" (GB8702-2014) which was implemented in our country on January 1, 2015.

While the power of micro-base station is generally no more than 10W, the radiation is even smaller. So whether it is a 5G mobile phone or a 5G base station, the radiation from the surrounding users is within the acceptable range of the human body.

The emergence of rumors: mistakes from authority are the deadliest.

Although there are national standards and regulations, not everyone knows it, so many people's judgment on whether 5G will affect health is based on the opinions of some experts and media publicity.

However, when people encounter an authoritative expert who makes misjudgments and is still stubborn, coupled with the guidance of some media, rumors often spread faster than the truth. Let's take a look at how rumors such as "wireless communications (including 5G) affect health" are born.

Back in 1978, investigative journalist Paul Brodeur published the collapse of America (The Zapping of America), which cited suggestive but ambiguous evidence that the increasing use of high-frequency communications may be harmful to human health.

However, it was just a reporter and didn't attract much attention. By contrast, Dr. Curry is authoritative, with degrees in physics (1959 and 1965) and electrical engineering (1990), and decades of experience in federal and industrial laboratories, including Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

After the publication of the first report in February 2000, Dr. Curry sent a second report in September, which was sent directly to the school district director, the school board and the district head of security and risk management.

The frequency diagram of the second report is more detailed than that of the first report. Rising lines mark the exact location of the wireless network, and even lower radio, television and mobile phone signals.

Link to the second report:

Https://web.archive.org/web/20031206113221/http:/www.emrnetwork.org/schools/curry_broward.pdf

Dr Curry himself belongs to a national wireless technology opposition group, and two reports he wrote for Broward soon began to spread widely among other opponents of the group.

One of the more authoritative people, Dr. David O. Carpenter, has argued with some scientific institutions about the health risks of radio waves for decades.

Dr. Carpenter's qualifications are even more impressive, graduating from Harvard University and its medical school with honors in 1959 and 1964, respectively. He served as dean of the School of Public Health at the State University of New York at Albany from 1985 to 1997 and became director of the Institute of Health at the University in 2001, where he still works today.

In the 1980s, Dr. Carpenter also claimed that high-voltage power lines could cause leukemia in nearby children, sparking a global debate. He appeared as an authority figure in Brodeur's 1989 book Currents of Death. But federal researchers failed to find hard evidence to support these warnings.

Dr. David O. Carpenter, Director, Institute of Health and Environment, University of Albany

Between 2010 and 2012, the frequency of the latest generation of 4G mobile phones exceeded the frequency of previous wireless networks. Dr. Carpenter is even more concerned, saying: "there is more evidence that 4G has health risks that affect billions of people," he said, introducing a 1400-page report. "the status quo is unacceptable."

His initiative report released in 2012 attracted worldwide attention. But mainstream scientific research negates its conclusion. Two researchers at the University of Oxford called it "scientifically unreliable".

Yet Dr Carpenter is sticking to his point. In 2012, he became editor of the quarterly journal Environmental Health Review (Reviews on Environmental Health). He has published the works of several writers who, like his own, are making related remarks.

"the rapid increase in cell phone use increases the risk of cancer, male infertility and neurobehavioral disorders," Dr. Carpenter wrote in 2013.

When 5G appears, "the higher the frequency, the more dangerous it is," said a website called radiation Health risk (Radiation Health Risks). The idea got a response from a similar website. On a page called "Scientific discussion", 5G talk-"higher frequency is more dangerous to health". Overall, the site is full of warnings that 5G causes brain cancer.

Recently, Dr. Carpenter told the Russian television network RT America that the latest phones pose a serious threat to health. "the launch of 5G is terrible," he said. "No one can escape the radiation."

In this way, with the misjudgment of pundits and the misguidance of some media, a simple chart has developed into a typical case of pseudo-science students sprouting and flourishing.

Related reports:

Https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/16/science/5g-cellphones-wireless-cancer.html

Https://www.5gexposed.com/2018/07/30/scientific-discussion-about-the-dangers-of-microwaves/

Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremely_high_frequency

Http://www.ctl-lab.com/read/241.html

Https://www.zhihu.com/question/23933726

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