Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

Locate allows users to quickly search for specified files in the file system. The method is to first establish a database that includes all the file names and paths in the system, and then when looking for it, you only need to query the database without actually going deep into the file system. In the general distribution, the establishment of the database is automatically executed in crontab.

1. Command format:

Locate [Select parameters] [style]

2. Command function:

Locate command can quickly find the file when searching the database, the database is updated by updatedb program, updatedb is built periodically by cron daemon, locate command searches the database faster than the entire hard disk data to search for information, but the worse thing is that the file found by locate may not be found if it was recently established or renamed, in the default value, updatedb will run once a day, you can modify the crontab to update the set value. (etc/crontab)

Locate is designated to be used to search for files that meet the criteria. It will store files and directory names in the database to find files or catalogs that meet the criteria of the template style, and can use special characters (such as "*" or "?"). If the template is specified as kcpa*ner, locate will find all files or directories that start with a string of kcpa and end with ner. If the name is kcpartner, if the directory name is kcpa_ner, it will list all files in the directory, including subdirectories.

Locate instruction and find search file function is similar, but locate is through the update program to build an index database of all files and directory information in the hard disk, in the implementation of loacte directly to find the index, the query speed will be faster, the index database is generally managed by the operating system, but you can also directly issue update to force the system to modify the index database immediately.

3. Command parameters:

-e will be excluded from the scope of search.

-1 if it is 1. Then start safe mode. In safe mode, users do not see files that cannot be seen by permissions. This starts to slow down because locate must go to the actual file system to obtain file permission data.

-f exclude specific file systems, for example, we are not reasonable to put files in the proc file system in the database.

-Q quiet mode, no error message is displayed.

-n displays at most n outputs.

-r use the regular expression to do the search condition.

-o specify the name of the data inventory.

-d specify the path to the database

-h display auxiliary message

-V displays the version message of the program

4. Use an example:

Example 1: find all files related to pwd

Command:

Locate pwd

Output:

Peida-VirtualBox ~ # locate pwd

/ bin/pwd

/ etc/.pwd.lock

/ sbin/unix_chkpwd

/ usr/bin/pwdx

/ usr/include/pwd.h

/ usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/python/fakepwd.py

/ usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/python/fakepwd.pyc

/ usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/python/test/test_fakepwd.py

/ usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/twisted/python/test/test_fakepwd.pyc

/ usr/lib/syslinux/pwd.c32

/ usr/share/help/C/empathy/irc-join-pwd.page

/ usr/share/help/ca/empathy/irc-join-pwd.page

/ usr/share/help/cs/empathy/irc-join-pwd.page

/ usr/share/help/de/empathy/irc-join-pwd.page

/ usr/share/help/el/empathy/irc-join-pwd.page

Example 2: search all files that start with sh in the etc directory

Command:

Locate / etc/sh

Output:

Peida-VirtualBox ~ # locate / etc/sh

/ etc/shadow

/ etc/shadow-

/ etc/shells

Peida-VirtualBox ~ #

Example 3: search for all files starting with m in the etc directory

Command:

Locate / etc/m

Output:

Peida-VirtualBox ~ # locate / etc/m

/ etc/magic

/ etc/magic.mime

/ etc/mailcap

/ etc/mailcap.order

/ etc/manpath.config

/ etc/mate-settings-daemon

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