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This article mainly introduces "what is TCP/IP protocol". In daily operation, I believe many people have doubts about what is TCP/IP protocol. The editor consulted all kinds of materials and sorted out simple and easy-to-use operation methods. I hope it will be helpful to answer the doubts about "what is TCP/IP protocol"! Next, please follow the editor to study!

I. introduction

TCP protocol belongs to the transport layer protocol of OSI seven-layer model, which provides data transmission between two computers in the network connection.

There are two different protocols in the transport layer: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol, Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Data Protocol, user Datagram Protocol). Mainly provides end-to-end communication for applications on two hosts. In the TCP/IP protocol family, there are two different transmission protocols: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (user Datagram Protocol).

TCP provides highly reliable data communication between the two hosts. The work it does includes dividing the data given to it by the application into appropriate pieces to the network layer below, confirming the received packets, setting the timeout clock to send the final acknowledgement packets, and so on. Because the transport layer provides highly reliable end-to-end communication, the application layer can ignore all these details. In order to provide reliable services, TCP adopts mechanisms such as timeout retransmission, sending and receiving end-to-end acknowledgement packets.

UDP provides a very simple service for the application layer. It simply sends packets called datagrams from one host to another, but there is no guarantee that the Datagram will reach the other end. A Datagram is a unit of information transmitted from the sender to the receiver (for example, a certain number of bytes of information specified by the sender). Any required reliability of the UDP protocol must be provided by the application layer.

IP is a network layer protocol

The network layer is used to process packets that flow over the network. A packet is the minimum data unit for network transmission. This layer specifies the path (the so-called transmission route) to the other party's computer and sends the packet to the other party.

When transmitting with each other through multiple computers or network devices, the role of the network layer is to choose a transmission route among many options. Also known as the Internet layer (the internetwork layer in the first figure), it deals with the activities of packets in the network, such as packet routing. In the TCP/IP protocol family, the network layer protocols include IP (Internet Protocol), ICMP (Internet Internet Control message Protocol), and IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol).

IP is a network layer protocol that provides an unreliable service. It only sends packets from the source node to the destination node as soon as possible, but does not provide any reliability guarantee. Used by both TCP and UDP. Each set of data for TCP and UDP is transmitted over the Internet through the end system and the IP layer in each intermediate router.

ICMP is a subsidiary of the IP protocol. The IP layer uses it to exchange error messages and other important information with other hosts or routers.

IGMP is the Internet group management protocol. It is used to multicast an UDP Datagram to multiple hosts.

Reference link:

Https://www.cnblogs.com/duanwandao/p/9941411.html

Https://blog.csdn.net/taotongning/article/details/81352985

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