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In this article Xiaobian for you to introduce in detail "Python ini configuration file how to write", the content is detailed, the steps are clear, the details are handled properly, I hope this "Python ini configuration file how to write" article can help you solve doubts, the following follow the editor's ideas slowly in-depth, together to learn new knowledge.

INI introduction

INI is the abbreviation of "initialization". It is used to initialize or set parameters to the operating system or specific programs. By section (section),

Key (key), value (value) composition. There are many INI files in the windows system, such as "System32.ini" and "Win.ini", which I believe are no stranger to you. Python

The module that manipulates the configuration file in is configparser, which can be used to parse files with a structure similar to the INI file on Windows.

About configparser

The module, which is called Configparser in python2 and changed to configparser until python3, is the parser used to parse the ini configuration file.

Its function is to use the three methods of RawConfigParser (), ConfigParser () and SafeConfigParser () in the module (either) to create a

Objects use object methods to add, delete, modify and check the specified configuration file.

The version of python used this time is 3.8, and the compiler uses pycharm.

INI file format

The INI configuration file consists of:

Section: represents a block consisting of square brackets and names in square brackets. The range of section is the contents of the preceding brackets to the next square brackets, such as "DEFAULT", "select", "connect_mysql".

Case and space checking: names in section are saved and obtained as is when they are saved and obtained, that is, different cases or spaces are different section.

Repetition check: duplicate section names are not allowed in the same profile.

Option: represents a configuration item in section, a key-value pair consisting of key, delimiter, and value, such as "broswer = Chrome" under "select".

Case check: key is case-insensitive. Key will be saved in lowercase automatically when it is saved into a file, but value is case-sensitive.

Space check: when value is obtained through key, the spaces before and after key and value in the file are automatically removed and matched, that is, when the file is saved as' broswer = Chrome', the corresponding value value 'Chrome' can also be obtained with' broswer'.

Check across multiple lines: key cannot span lines, but value can span lines, as long as the indentation of the second and subsequent lines is different from the first line until the next option

Repetitive check: like section, key under the same section is not allowed to be repeated.

Separator: can be an equal sign "=" or a colon ":".

Comments: line comments are indicated by the pound sign "#" or the semicolon ";". In particular, it must be at the beginning of the line (there can be a space in front of it). What is used in the middle of the line will not be counted as a comment.

DEFAULT: this is a special section that can be used as an alternate value when the option of other section cannot get a value, or it can be understood that it is a root, and other section is its child section, but it is not required.

Read the instantiation of the configuration file import osimport configparserconf = configparser.ConfigParser () # class curpath = os.path.dirname (os.path.realpath (_ file__)) path = os.path.join (curpath,'read.ini') conf.read (path,encoding= "utf-8") value = conf ['select'] [' url'] print ("the value obtained through the read method is:", value) value = conf.get ('login' 'username') print (' value obtained through the get method:', value) value = conf.items ('login') # reads all the data in a section Returns a list of print ("values obtained through the items method:", value) value = conf.getint ('connect_mysql','port') # specifies the type of data to read print ("values taken out by the specified data type:", value) section = conf.sections () # reads all sectionprint (section) in the configuration file

Running result

Note: configuration file comments are in Chinese, add the parameter encoding= "utf-8" in python3, otherwise an error will be reported.

Conf.read (path,encoding= "utf-8")

Write to configuration file

Import osimport configparserconf = configparser.ConfigParser () # instantiation of class curpath = os.path.dirname (os.path.realpath (_ _ file__)) path = os.path.join (curpath,'read.ini') conf.add_section ('login') # add a new sectionconf.set (' login','username','admin') conf.set ('login','password','123123') # write data conf.write to the configuration file (open (path) ('a')) # Save data

Looking at the configuration file after running, you can see that the new section has been written to the file.

There are two common ways to write write. The first is to delete the contents of the original file and rewrite: W

Conf.write (open (path,'w'))

The second is to continue writing content on the basis of the original file, and append mode to write: a

Conf.write (open (path,'a')) read here, this article "how to write the ini configuration file of Python" has been introduced. If you want to master the knowledge of this article, you still need to practice and use it before you can understand it. If you want to know more about related articles, you are welcome to follow the industry information channel.

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