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This article mainly introduces "how to upgrade the software version of Linux". In the daily operation, I believe that many people have doubts about how to upgrade the software version of Linux. The editor consulted all kinds of materials and sorted out simple and easy-to-use methods of operation. I hope it will be helpful to answer the doubts of "how to upgrade the software version of Linux". Next, please follow the editor to study!

Brief introduction

When using Linux, there are generally several kinds of installation software: system package manager installation, source code compilation, binary package, and now desktop systems use more Snap, AppImage, Flatpak and so on.

Upgrade

Because the software will have some vulnerabilities and need to be updated regularly, the software upgrades will be different if used in different ways.

1. Install the system package manager and upgrade directly using the package management tool

For example, you can use yum update nginx to upgrade directly on CentOS, and all dependencies will be upgraded accordingly.

Advantages:

The operation is simple and can be upgraded with a single command.

Stable, the packages that come with the system are generally verified before they are released, and are relatively stable.

Disadvantages:

The version is difficult to control and will generally be upgraded to the latest version automatically.

Upgrading will cause the dependency package to be upgraded, and exceptions may occur.

two。 Installed by source code, compile the new version to the new path

When compiling and installing source code, you can generally specify an installation path, for example:. / configure-- prefix=/opt/nginx-1.18, first compile to the new path, and then switch services

Advantages:

The version is easy to control, and you can compile and install according to the version you need.

Quick fallback. If there is a problem, you can directly refer to returning to the old directory to complete the fallback.

Disadvantages:

It takes a long time to compile

The stability after installation needs to be verified by yourself.

You need to solve the dependency package yourself.

3. Binary package installed, unzipped to a new path

The binary package can be executed directly by adding the execution bit directly, and the installation package of the system package manager is also binary, which is just the specification of the installation system and put the files in the corresponding directory.

Binary packages installed, such as jdk, can be deployed directly using compiled tar packages, and can be run as soon as they are unzipped.

Advantages:

For rapid deployment, individually packaged binary packages generally rely less on system packages and can be run directly after decompression.

Disadvantages:

It is necessary to provide a binary package officially.

Only specified distributions are supported

6.AppImage

AppImage packages the whole software into an AppImage package, which contains all the functions. And can be used in almost all linux distributions.

Advantages:

Rapid deployment, which can be executed by directly adding the execution bit

Can be run in multiple distributions

Disadvantages:

Need to be provided by the government, or have the ability to pack.

The packaged file is still relatively large. (however, as a result, it is very suitable for desktop Linux)

5.Snap 、 Flatpak

Both Snap and Flatpak are designed to unify the format of packages on Linux so that a software can run on a variety of Linux distributions and operating systems.

Advantages:

Rapid deployment, all have their own application market, you can directly search for installation

Can be run in multiple distributions

Disadvantages:

The development is relatively late, and there is still a lot to be improved.

Summary

Generally speaking, I recommend that the production environment compile by itself, or download the official binary package for deployment, so that the upgrade or fallback will not affect each other.

Try not to use the components of the system and deploy services!

I just hit the hole! The developer uses the Python that comes with the system, manually installs the third-party package, and then runs the service; as a result, the system upgrade, the python-related dependency package is upgraded, resulting in abnormal service.

At this point, the study on "how to upgrade the software version of Linux" is over. I hope to be able to solve your doubts. The collocation of theory and practice can better help you learn, go and try it! If you want to continue to learn more related knowledge, please continue to follow the website, the editor will continue to work hard to bring you more practical articles!

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