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This article will explain in detail how to force the shutdown of linux. The editor thinks it is very practical, so I share it with you as a reference. I hope you can get something after reading this article.

Concepts and terminology

Kernel modules allow the Linux kernel to dynamically insert and delete code into it at run time. These modules are programs with independent functions that can be compiled separately, but cannot be run independently. The module runs in kernel space at run time as part of the kernel.

Operational scenario 1: using Kgotobed to force shutdown difficulty ★★★ demo release archlinux involves commands gotobed installation

To install kgotobed on archlinux, you first need to install the dkms and linux-headers packages:

Sudo pacman-S dkms linux-headers-- noconfirm

Then go to github to clone its source code:

Git clone https://github.com/nikital/kgotobed.git

Finally, we compile the source code manually:

Cd kgotobed/sudo make install

The make install command does three things:

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Register for kgotobed.ko through DKMS

Install the gotobed command to / usr/local/bin

Register, enable, and run kgotobed.service in systemd

Use

You can see the set forced shutdown time by running gotobed directly:

[vagrant@archlinux kgotobed] $gotobed 22:00Current bedtime is 2018-04-13 01:00:00Setting bedtime to 2018-04-12 22:00:00Bedtime will be in 10 hours 32 minutes

But you can't change the time to later.

[vagrant@archlinux kgotobed] $gotobed 2:00Current bedtime is 2018-04-13 01:00:00Error: Attempting to postpone bedtime, it doesn't work like this...

To adjust the default time, you need to modify / etc/systemd/system/kgotobed.service.

The original kgotobed.service content is as follows:

[Unit] Description=kgotobed: Poweroff at bedtimeAfter=dkms.service [Service] Type=oneshotExecStartPre=/sbin/modprobe kgotobedEnvironment=TIME=01:00ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/gotobed-f ${TIME} [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target

We change the TIME=01:00 to TIME=02:00, restart the system, and execute gotobed again to see that the time has been changed:

[vagrant@archlinux ~] $gotobed Current bedtime is 2018-04-13 02:00:00 delete kgotobed

Almost the only way to escape the forced shutdown is to uninstall kgotobed.

We can execute make uninstall in the source code directory to uninstall:

[vagrant@archlinux] $cd kgotobed/ [vagrant@archlinux kgotobed] $sudo make uninstalldkms remove kgotobed/1.0-- all-Uninstall Beginning-Module: kgotobedVersion: 1.0Kernel: 4.15.15-1-ARCH (x86: 64)-- Status: Before uninstall, this module version was ACTIVE on this kernel. Kgotobed.ko:-Uninstallation-Deleting from: / usr/lib/modules/4.15.15-1-ARCH/extra//-Original module-No original module was found for this module on this kernel. -Use the dkms install command to reinstall any previous module version. Depmod. DKMS: uninstall completed. -- Deleting module version: 1.0completely from the DKMS tree.--Done.rm-f / usr/local/bin/gotobedrm-f / etc/systemd/system/kgotobed.servicesystemctl daemon-reload [vagrant@archlinux kgotobed] $this is the end of the article on "how to forcibly shut down linux". Hope that the above content can be helpful to you, so that you can learn more knowledge, if you think the article is good, please share it for more people to see.

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