Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

I. TCP/IP protocol

1. TCP/IP communication protocol is the most complete and widely supported communication protocol at present. It allows computers with different network architectures and different operating systems to communicate. It is the standard communication protocol of Internet.

2. Three elements of communication between the host and the host

IP address (IP address)

Subnet Mask (subnet mask)

IP routing (IP router)

2. IP address

1. Function: the network address used to identify a node

2. Composition: 32 bits, represented by 4 decimal numbers, used in between. Separate

Network bit + host bit

3. Classification:

A 1 ~ 127 network + master

B 128 ~ 191 network + network + master + master

C 192 ~ 223 network + master

D 224 ~ 239 Multicast (Multicast)

E 240 ~ 254 scientific research

4. Default subnet mask

Class A 255.0.0.0

Class B 255.255.0.0

Class C 255.255.255.0

5. Gateway

It is the "gateway" at which one network is connected to another.

6. Public IP address and private IP address

Public address, also known as public network address, through which direct access to the Internet, it is within the scope of the wide area network.

Private address, also known as private network address, is used exclusively within the organization. It is within the scope of the local area network, and the Internet cannot be accessed outside the local area network.

Private address range:

Category A 10.0.0.1 ~ 10.255.255.254

Category B 172.16.0.1 ~ 172.31.255.254

Class C 192.168.0.1 ~ 192.168.255.254

III. Basic environmental settings

1. TCP/IP settings

Static state

Dynamic

2. View the configuration information of the IP address

Start | Control Panel | Network and sharing Center | Click the "View status" button to the right of "Local connection" | Click "details"

Or start | Command prompt | run ipconfig or

Ipconfig / all

3. Alternate configuration of IP address

A backup configuration is added when you choose to obtain the IP address automatically, which starts automatically when the computer fails to obtain parameters such as the IP address from the DHCP server.

Use a backup configuration.

There are two ways to configure a backup:

1) Private IP address: 169.254.0.1-169.254.255.254, subnet mask 255.255.0.0

2) user manually configure:

4. Ping command to test network connectivity

Ping 127.0.0.1

Perform a loop test

Verify that the TCP/IP configuration is correct

5. Enable or disable the firewall

Start | Control Panel | Windows Firewall | Click the "change Settings" button

6. Set the computer name and join the workgroup

Right-click-computer-Properties-Advanced system Settings-computer name and Workgroup name-change-

Note: the computer name must be unique on the network and cannot have the same name even if it is in a different workgroup. You need to restart the computer to take effect after changing the computer name.

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