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ECMAscript refers to a standard of JavaScript, which is a script programming language standardized by Ecma International through ECMA-262. This language is widely used on the World wide Web, and it is often called JavaScript or JScript.

Operating environment of this article: windows7 system, ECMAScript version 6, DELL G3 computer

ECMAScript is a script programming language standardized by Ecma International (formerly known as the European Association of computer Manufacturers, English name European Computer Manufacturers Association) through ECMA-262. This language is widely used on the World wide Web, it is often called JavaScript or JScript, so it can be understood as a standard of JavaScript, but in fact the latter two are the implementation and extension of the ECMA-262 standard.

Brief introduction

ECMAScript is a standard specification for a scripting language developed by Brandon Archie of Netscape; it was originally named Mocha, later renamed LiveScript, and finally renamed JavaScript. In December 1995, Sunshine and Netscape jointly released JavaScript. In November 1996, Netscape submitted JavaScript to the European Association of computer Manufacturers for standardization. The first version of ECMA-262 was adopted by Ecma in June 1997. ECMA Script is the name of ECMA-262 's standardized scripting language. Although JavaScript and JScript are compatible with ECMAScript, they contain features that go beyond ECMAScript.

ECMAScript is an object-based programming language that can perform calculations in a host environment and manipulate computable objects. ECMAScript was originally designed as a Web scripting language to support the dynamic presentation of Web pages and to provide server-side computing power for Web-based client-server architectures. But as a scripting language, ECMAScript has the same nature as other scripting languages, that is, it is "used to manipulate, customize, and automate the functions provided by an existing system."

Keyword

ECMA-262 defines a set of keywords supported by ECMAScript that identify the beginning and / or end of an ECMAScript statement. According to regulations, keywords are reserved and cannot be used as variable or function names. The following is a complete list of ECMAScript keywords:

Break else new var typeofcase finally return voidcatch for switch whiledefault if throw deletein try do instanceof

If you use a keyword as a variable name or a function name, you may get an error message such as "Identifier expected" (which should have an identifier).

Reserved word of ECMA-262

ECMAScript defines a set of reserved words that, in a sense, are reserved for the future. Therefore, reserved words cannot be used as variable names or function names. The complete list of reserved words in ECMA-262 version 3 is as follows:

Abstract enum int shortboolean export interface staticbyte extends long super char finalnative synchronized class float packagethrows const goto private transient debuggerimplements protected volatile doubleimport public

If you use a reserved word as a variable or function name, you will probably not receive any error messages unless future browsers implement the reserved word. When the browser implements it, the word is treated as a keyword, which results in a keyword error.

In the Netscape Navigator 2.0 released by Netscape in 1995, JavaScript 1.0, which was developed jointly with Sun, was released with great success, and then JavaScript1.1 was released in version 3.0. at this time, Microsoft entered the browser market. IE 3.0 is equipped with a clone of JavaScript-JScript, coupled with Cenvi's ScriptEase (also a client scripting language), resulting in three different versions of client scripting languages exist at the same time. In order to establish language standardization, JavaScript 1.1 was submitted as a draft to the European Association of computer Manufacturers (ECMA) in 1997, and the 39th Technical Committee (TC39) was assigned to "standardize a general, cross-platform, vendor-neutral syntax and semantic standard for scripting languages". Finally, with the participation of Netscape, Sun, Microsoft, Borland and other companies, ECMA-262 is developed, which defines a new scripting language called ECMAScript.

From then on, scripting languages such as Javascript,JScript,ActionScript are implemented based on the ECMAScript standard.

So, ECMAScript is actually a standard for syntax and semantics of scripts. In fact, JavaScript is composed of ECMAScript,DOM and BOM. So, the syntax for declaring variables and manipulating arrays in JavaScript,JScript and ActionScript is exactly the same, because they are all ECMAScript. However, they have their own unique methods in manipulating browser objects, which are extensions of their respective languages.

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