Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

For students majoring in cost, which direction should they go after graduation? Is it to consult the unit, or Party A, or the construction unit?

First of all, find out what Party A, Party B and consulting company do respectively.

Party A: that is, the construction unit, in popular terms, is the payer, such as the real estate company.

Party B: that is, the construction unit is paid to work, such as XX Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.

Consulting companies: that is, cost consulting companies, cost firms, who give money is Party A, such as XX Engineering Management Co., Ltd.

Below, I would like to make a simple popular science introduction to these three different types of work experience, hoping to give you a little guidance on the future direction of employment. Let's take a look.

Consulting firm

Consulting company: large volume of business, wide range, fast rhythm, strong professionalism, relatively high requirements for calculation, need to be familiar with manual calculation and software calculation, not to mention the degree of memorization for all kinds of measurement and pricing norms, at least to know which chapter of the specification should be opened to find the basis.

The scale of cost consulting companies is different, and there is a big difference.

The characteristics of large companies are as follows: clear division of labor, perfect system, stable income, high starting point and broad vision. At the same time, the management is relatively strict, contact with the working face is relatively simple, evaluation of job titles and other work companies may help you.

The characteristics of small companies: the system is relatively casual, the professional division is not clear, who is free to do the project, a project from contact with Party A to sign the contract to finally fill in the invoice, need to be responsible for their own follow-up, the starting point is not high, the scale of the project is mostly relatively small, the management is relatively loose, the evaluation of professional title materials need to be done by themselves.

Conclusion: working in a cost consulting company is an accumulation of quantity, the professional and technical aspects are improved quickly (if you are willing to learn), and you can form the habit that you will find out the basis of the relevant provisions in whatever results you make. The biggest disadvantage is that, in addition to the whole process of tracking the project and settlement, there is little time to wander around the site, and the concepts of construction technology and actual consumption are relatively vague, which may cause the deviation of the cost result.

Construction unit

Construction unit: there are generally two kinds of price makers in the construction unit, one is to do the bidding budget, and the other is to do on-site and settlement.

When making a bid budget, it is necessary to calculate the quantity of the drawings after getting the bidding documents and drawings, and pay special attention to the measures that cannot be expressed but actually involved. It is not necessary to set a quota in terms of unit price. some companies will have their own fixed unit price, or they may use the excel table to directly group the unit price according to their past experience in labor subcontracting and the latest material and machinery prices. This is generally an invitation to tender, without the network of listing and trading centers. This kind of quotation requires the price maker to pay more attention to the actual price of the materials on the market. If it is the public bidding on the Internet of the city trading center, it is generally given by the bidding control price, and the bidding control price is made by the consulting company. Bidders are generally given a few days to study the drawings and raise questions about the tender control price, including calculation and unit price. In this case, calculating quantity is also a necessary work, but it is generally only a relatively large part of the proportion.

With the site and the settlement, even if you do not do the budget, the construction drawings must be familiar with. There are often changes during construction, and visas are involved. Generally speaking, the visa is to sign the project quantity but not the price, which requires that the visa project quantity must not be omitted. This kind of visa project quantity is generally piecemeal, which can be done by calculating the project quantity by hand, so pay attention to the importance of calculating the quantity by hand!

Some construction units ask for a visa to sign the price as well, which requires you to set a quota. Many projects are unable to set a quota, or the price of the quota is seriously on the low side, so it is necessary to negotiate the unit price with the price maker of the construction unit. For some special equipment unit prices, remember to seal the inquiry sheet with the manufacturer, and it is also a good basis to discuss the price with the construction unit. If the construction workers are subcontracted, the price maker will have to settle the amount of work with the workers who subcontract the services. At this time, it can not be calculated according to the engineering quantity on the quota, but should be calculated according to the actual situation. The calculation rules in the quota are considered in combination with the talent and machine consumption in the quota, but the labor subcontract is generally settled according to the actual project quantity, so this point needs to be paid attention to.

You need to declare the progress every month and get the progress payment. The declared project quantity is generally counted together with the on-site constructors, some of which are reported once a month, and some of which are how much the progress is completed. There will be relevant provisions in these contracts, and you will understand if you do it once or twice.

A statement shall be prepared after the completion of the project. Usually design changes, visas should be numbered, separate professional storage, do the settlement book when the mind is relatively clear, it is not easy to leave out items. When compiling the settlement, we should pay attention to whether the contract signed at that time is a fixed unit price contract or a fixed total price contract. The unit price contract is the comprehensive unit price is fixed, the project quantity is settled according to the actual settlement, when making the settlement, the unit price in the contract list does not need to consider, as long as the project quantity is calculated again, the unit price outside the contract list needs to be reorganized again. If it is a fixed lump sum contract, the books tell us that the fixed lump sum contract is a guaranteed contract and the cost will not change due to any changes in the project. But this is not the case in the actual work, it is generally the total contract price + change price. When compiling the settlement, it is the contract price + change price, and the change price is composed of design change price and visa price. In the part of changing the project, the quantity of the project is calculated according to the actual quantity, in terms of unit price: if there is in the contract list, use the unit price in the contract list; if there is no, there is another group price.

When compiling the statement, we must check the data in the process repeatedly so as not to leave out the items. If you follow a project from the beginning to the end, it's okay; if the former cashier resigns and you take over halfway, it's probably a long story. It is not recommended that the price quoted is too high, you can calculate a little bit of your own profit in it, but do not go too far, the auditors are well aware of it. After the statement is handed in, it will be a long logarithmic and tangled process, and when it is right, you can apply for the rest of the project money.

Working in the construction unit, communication is very important, after all, you have to face the construction unit, supervision company, cost consulting company, every word you say is likely to strive for greater interests for your own company.

Conclusion: the price makers of some construction units also have to do the bidding budget and follow up until the settlement. The construction unit is not so tired in the consulting company, and the overtime is relatively less, so they can often go down to the site to see the actual construction technology. when there is nothing to do, you can count the consumption of all kinds of talent and machines, so as to lay a solid foundation for cost estimation. The construction period of a project is relatively long, and there will be a great harvest when it is finished. The cost of working in a construction unit is probably considered by people who don't like to sit in the office all day.

Construction unit

Construction unit: when the company has a new project, the cost engineer should first estimate how much it will cost to build a residential area according to the indicators of the previous project. The scope involved is very large, and the main structure of the building is only part of it. We should also consider the design cost, pipeline gas cost, cable television network cost, installation cost, high and low pressure equipment, fine decoration, outdoor matching, landscaping, earthwork and so on. After the project is determined, we should discuss the contract price with the designer.

Generally speaking, the main structure (this main structure does not refer to the structural part of the building, but in a residential area, the building belongs to the main structure, including structural decoration, electrical water supply and drainage, roads, greening, these belong to outdoor supporting parts) the drawings come out first, and the price maker has to make a bidding control price according to the drawings, which is relatively tight, so he has to work overtime. Then it is necessary to invite tenders for the main structure and invite more than 3 construction units to bid. After the tender book of the construction unit comes over, the price maker should analyze the tender book, analyze which prices are unreasonable, which project quantity has problems, and so on, and conduct many interviews with the general contractor, and the tender of the construction unit will change after each interview, so the price maker should also do a number of quotation analysis in order to determine the final cooperative unit.

After the main structure starts construction, there will be a lot of changes and visas. If it is a change required by his own company (that is, real estate), the price maker will have to make a calculation according to the preliminary change plan, and the leader will decide whether the change is needed.

After the change is determined, the construction unit will apply for a visa according to the change before construction. On the visa application, there is a project quantity and a unit price (the requirements of each construction unit are different). The price maker should review the project quantity and unit price and negotiate the price with the construction unit. After the visa application process is completed, the construction unit will start the construction. After completion, the construction unit will submit the visa form after completion, and notify the price maker to go to the site to collect the project to determine whether the project quantity is real or not.

During the construction, there are not only design changes, but also many contact sheets from the site, requiring on-site changes, and the process is similar to the above design changes. There are a lot of changes and visas. Almost every price maker receives 4-5 copies every day, but it doesn't feel like much in this way, but it takes at least an hour for a change or a visa to be processed. Visas with large amounts of money and a wide range of visas are more likely to take several days to process. Over time, drawers are always full of change visa forms.

Landscaping, high and low voltage equipment this kind of project needs to find another professional unit, its process and the general contractor sign the contract is the same, the change visa in the construction is also the same.

Tender Information (http://www.zhaobiao.cn/)

After completion, the construction unit will send the statement, and the price maker needs to review the data, visa, project quantity, unit price, and issue the statement.

Conclusion: the price maker of the construction unit needs more on-site experience and good negotiation ability, because to face multiple construction units at the same time, the lack of on-site experience is easy to be fooled by the people of the construction units. this is also the reason why construction units like to recruit experienced cost personnel. Their work is not as easy as the popular imagination, the pressure is still relatively great, and they are always in a state of multi-threaded work. They may be processing visas from A construction units, and B construction units call to ask for logarithm settlement. As soon as the phone hung up, the leader called himself to have an interview with C construction unit. Otherwise, the salary of the price maker of the construction unit will not be relatively high.

The above is the difference in the work of Party A, Party B and consulting companies. I hope it will be of little help to everyone's career choice. Of course, the choice of career is related to the future development, careful consideration, careful comparison is very necessary. I also hope that the seniors in the industry will leave more messages and give some practical suggestions to newcomers to the industry.

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