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This article mainly introduces "how to install software in Linux system". In daily operation, I believe many people have doubts about how to install software in Linux system. The editor consulted all kinds of materials and sorted out simple and easy-to-use operation methods. I hope it will be helpful to answer the doubts about "how to install software in Linux system". Next, please follow the editor to study!

Install softwar

The usual way to get new software on your computer is to get the software product from the vendor and run an installer. In the past, software products appeared on physical media like CD-ROM or DVD, but now we often download software products from the Internet.

Using Linux, installing software is like installing it on your smartphone. Like your mobile app store, there is a central repository of open source software tools and programs on Linux, central repository, and almost any program you want will appear in the list of available packages for you to install.

Each program does not need to run a separate installer, but you can use the package management tools that come with the Linux distribution. (the Linux distribution here is the Linux you installed, such as Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian, etc.) each distribution has its own centralized repository (called repository) on the Internet, which stores thousands of pre-built applications.

You may notice that there are several exceptions to installing software on Linux. Sometimes you still need to go to the vendor to get their software because the program does not exist in the central repository of your distribution. This is usually the case when software is not open source and / or free software.

Also keep in mind that if you want to install a program that is not in the distribution repository, it is not that simple, even if you are installing free and open source programs. This article does not cover these more complex situations, please follow the online guidelines.

With all the Linux package management systems and tools, what to do next may still be confusing. This article should help to clarify a few things.

Package management

There are currently several competing package management systems for managing, installing, and removing software in Linux distributions. Each distribution chooses to use a package management tool, package management tools. Red Hat, Fedora, CentOS, Scientific Linux, SUSE, and so on use Red Hat package Management (RPM). Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, and so on all use the Debian package management system, or DPKG for short. There are other package management systems, but RPM and DPKG are the most common.

Figure 1: Package installers

No matter what package management you use, they are usually a set of tools built on top of another tool (figure 1). The * layer is a command-line tool that allows you to do anything related to installing software. You can list installed programs, remove programs, install package files, and so on.

This underlying tool is not always the most convenient to use, so there is usually a command-line tool that uses a single command to find the package in the distribution's central repository and download and install it and any dependencies. *, there is usually a graphics application graphical application that allows you to select anything you want with the mouse, and then click the "install" button.

Figure 2: PackageKit

For Red Hat-based distributions, including Fedora, CentOS, Scientific Linux, etc., the underlying tool is rpm and the advanced tool is called dnf (yum on older systems). The graphical installer, called PackageKit (figure 2), may display the name "Add/Remove Software (add / remove Software)" under the system management menu.

Figure 3: Ubuntu Software

For Debian-based distributions, including Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Elementary OS, and so on, the underlying command-line tool is dpkg and the advanced tool is called apt. The graphical tool for managing installed software on Ubuntu is Ubuntu Software (figure 3). For Debian and Linux Mint, the graphics tool is called Synaptic Synaptic, and it can also be installed on Ubuntu.

You can also install aptitude, a text-based graphical tool, on Debian-related distributions. It is more powerful than Synaptic synaptic and works even if you can only access the command line. If you want to do various "coquettish" operations with various options, you can try this, but it is more complicated to use than Xinli. Other distributions may also have their own unique tools.

Command line tool

The online instructions for installing software on Linux usually describe the commands you type on the command line. These instructions are usually easier to understand, and copying and pasting commands into a command line window can be done step by step without making an error. This is the opposite of the following description: "Open the menu, select the program, enter the search mode, click the tab, select the program, and then click the button." this often makes you get lost in various operations.

Sometimes the Linux you're using doesn't have a graphical environment, so it's good to be familiar with installing packages from the command line. Tables 1 and 2 list the following common operations and related commands based on RPM and DPKG systems.

Notice SUSE, which uses RPM like RedHat and Fedora, but does not have dnf or yum. Instead, it uses a program called zypper as an advanced command-line tool. Other distributions may also have different tools, such as pacman on Arch Linux or emerge on Gentoo. There are many package management tools, so you may need to find out which one is suitable for your distribution.

These tips should give you a better understanding of how to install programs in the new Linux and how the various package management methods in Linux relate to each other.

At this point, the study on "how to install software in Linux system" is over. I hope to be able to solve your doubts. The collocation of theory and practice can better help you learn, go and try it! If you want to continue to learn more related knowledge, please continue to follow the website, the editor will continue to work hard to bring you more practical articles!

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