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This article mainly introduces why MongoDB ranks in the top five of the database, has a certain reference value, interested friends can refer to, I hope you can learn a lot after reading this article, the following let the editor take you to understand it.

The DB-Engines database popularity rankings released data for May, with the top six ranking "unchanged for the millennium": Oracle, MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, PostgreSQL, MongoDB and IBM Db2. Among them, MongoDB continued to rank in the top five with an increase of 65.96 points over the same period last year, second only to PostgreSQL's 77.99, and second only to Microsoft's SQL Server in April.

As the only MongoDB in the top 20 that has been labeled as a document database, it is not easy to achieve such a result. In 2007, Dwight Merriman, Eliot Horowitz and Kevin Ryan founded 10gen Software, the predecessor of MongoDB. At the beginning, the company aims to provide cloud computing services for enterprises. When developing cloud computing products, they are going to develop a component similar to a database to provide storage services for cloud computing products. At that time, relational databases dominated the world, but they felt that traditional relational databases could not meet their requirements, and they wanted a data storage product that programmers could use without knowing the SQL language. After looking around the Internet, whether open source or closed source products, they couldn't find anything to satisfy them, so they decided to develop their own database.

There are some reasons why 10gen doesn't use relational databases. In fact, the founders of 10gen are all from Google. They once founded an advertising company called DoubleClick, which was later acquired by Google. When they were at DoubleClick, they suffered from relational databases. DoubleClick is an online advertising company that serves many well-known companies in the United States. It offers 400000 ads per second, but often has difficulties in scalability and agility, so they often have to develop and use many custom data stores to solve the shortcomings of existing relational databases, which makes them very distressed. So they decided to develop a database product to solve the problems they encountered in DoubleClick and provide storage services for their cloud computing products.

In 2009, after nearly two years of development, 10gen developed a prototype of MongoDB, opened it up and officially named it MongoDB, and established an open source community to run MongoDB through the community. MongoDB is not a "mango database". Mongo is taken from the middle part of the word humongous, which means a huge database that can store huge databases. 10gen defines MongoDB as a document database that is set-oriented, schema-free, free to extend, and accessed using programming languages and API.

MongoDB is different from other database products at that time, it is very convenient to use and install, and you can manipulate data through API in the code, which caused a sensation at that time. Coupled with the popularity of the concept of NoSQL non-relational database and the needs of big data, MongoDB is becoming more and more popular. Now, MongoDB shares have broken through the 100-yuan mark, with a market capitalization of $9 billion.

Throughout the nearly 12-year history of MongoDB, we can clearly see the growth trajectory of a database manufacturer, and several reasons for its success, namely, product positioning, technological innovation, operation model, goal vision.

Product positioning: the leading modern general database

Although it started as a document database, MongoDB is far from being included by the concept of a document database. What's more, MongoDB should be called a modern general database platform. According to Richard Kreuter, senior vice president of global engineering at MongoDB, MongoDB is not a database platform that can only be used in a single or specific scenario, but can be widely used in a variety of application scenarios, such as search, website real-time data, data cache, large size, historical data storage, highly scalable scenarios, object or JSON data storage and so on. In addition, MongoDB has very good flexibility and can be developed quickly according to the needs of users. Compared with traditional relational tables, MongoDB document database is more flexible and can do transactional transactions at the same time. Moreover, MongoDB can operate the data directly in memory, which has high speed and efficiency. Therefore, the current version of MongoDB can support the development requirements of a variety of application scenarios.

However, Richard stressed that while MongoDB is committed to meeting the needs of 80% of users, MongoDB will also introduce new features for general special needs in each version. For example, in the latest version 4.0, MongoDB has introduced Multi-document ACID transactions (multi-document ACID transactions). That's why so far, MongoDB has more than 10, 000 official paying users for the enterprise edition. In fact, MongoDB currently has a wide range of users in a variety of industries, regions and countries. In the Fortune 100 enterprises in the world, more than half of the users are using MongoDB, while in some key industries, such as finance, telecommunications, manufacturing, e-commerce, e-commerce games and other key applications, MongoDB is being widely used, which also proves the success of MongoDB product positioning from another aspect.

MongoDB complete

Richard Kreuter, Senior Vice President of Ball Engineering

Technological Innovation: the Best data Modeling Database

At the technical level, MongoDB is "the best data modeling database". Richard explains that traditional relational databases are modeled in tables and columns at first, but after data modeling is completed in this way, the relationships between tables are very complex. in this case, it is very difficult to maintain the flexibility of the database, for example, to add a field to the database. Usually, it can only be achieved through many complex operations, such as sub-table, sub-library, downtime and so on. MongoDB realized the importance of flexibility to the database from the beginning of the design, so the data modeling method of MongoDB is to maintain this flexibility, which can be easily changed according to the requirements, while the operation of the database itself is not affected.

The reason why MongoDB is called a document database is that it stores all the data in a document. Due to the use of BSON to store data, it has a very good support for JSON format data and friendly table structure modification, document storage, data friendly visible. Compared with the traditional database, which requires relatively complex tables and libraries to operate and access data many times, MongoDB developers do not have to remember the complex relationships between those tables and libraries, and can get the desired data with only one access. Therefore, it is easier to use and more effective for development.

In addition, MongoDB runs in a wide range of environments, which is an important reason why MongoDB is favored by many users. It can run on local machines, run on any cloud, run on servers, laptops, and even can be used smoothly on mobile phones, and this can be called the "killer mace" of MongoDB, because except for MongoDB. No database can be run across all sides. This is also a purpose of the development of MongoDB at that time, that is, open source, without any restrictions, anyone can run MongoDB at any time and place. Richard stressed that MongoDB also has a cloud service called Atlas, which already provides MongoDB database cloud services on AWS, Google and Azure.

Richard summed up the greatest advantages of MongoDB, he believes that the so-called optimal is first of all to see the value to the user in a variety of situations, which is called optimal. MongoDB documents are in an JSON format, which is the most widely used basic format for exchanging or processing data. A variety of web pages, mobile applications, or many business applications use JSON to process data. MongoDB directly uses JSON format data when processing and storing data, which is native JSON storage, whether it is processing, aggregation, or update, it is processed directly through JSON, which is completely different from all other databases. Secondly, the core of MongoDB is a native distributed database, which has very rich functions to support data replication, and can be quickly scaled horizontally and used on demand. At the same time, MongoDB also has the advantages of traditional database, such as fast de-partition, strong consistency of data and so on. And at present, the latest version 4.0 of MongoDB can already support multi-document transactional transactions that traditional relational databases can support, and in dealing with the biggest challenge in traditional large-scale distributed databases-data balance, the speed of version 4.0 has increased by 40%, which is a very important and attractive feature improvement in terms of user experience.

Operation model: unswervingly open and open source

However, the success of a product depends not only on clear product positioning and innovative technology, but also on business model. Of course, the success of MongoDB can not be separated from the successful operation model, which is open and open source.

In fact, as early as 2009, when MongoDB first developed a prototype of the database, it also set up an open source community of MongoDB, insisting on running MongoDB through the community. MongoDB has been expanding the influence of MongoDB through the open source community to attract programmers to move in the community. Different user groups are set up in the community according to different regions. When MongoDB was first introduced to the market, there were many BUG, but the developers of MongoDB solved problems in a timely manner and were very friendly. Programmers are a real group when they find that your products are useful and can help you solve problems in time. Your product will be recommended to your peers, which makes MongoDB quickly win the favor of many developers.

Richard is certainly well aware of this, so he is a staunch supporter of MongoDB open source. Richard said that MongoDB insists on having a community version of the database, on the one hand, because developers tend to use open source technology, and on the other hand, because the original intention of developing MongoDB is to make it easier and easier for developers to use the database, and open source is the best way to achieve this original intention. Moreover, MongoDB does not object to developers making changes to the open source version of MongoDB. Of course, this change must be fed back to the community, which is called Copyleft License. MongoDB has Copyleft License from beginning to end. Last year, for the community version, MongoDB also proposed SSPL License, that is, when MongoDB is provided as a cloud service, cloud service providers should open source all relevant modified content and operating platform, and this is also in order to better share the open source results with all users.

Richard stressed that MongoDB is developed entirely by itself and owns all the IP of the product. The reason why it is decided to open up MongoDB for open source is to build an environment for the healthy development of open source databases and encourage more software developers to do open source, while MongoDB will continue to maintain the open source state as always.

Another important operation for MongoDB is the annual MongoDB conference. MongoDB attaches great importance to the MongoDB conference, holding an annual MongoDB conference in major cities / regions around the world. At the MongoDB conference, Technology Bull will be invited to share practical information on the use of MongoDB on some projects and have a face-to-face technical exchange with the audience. Just a few days ago, MongoDB successfully held the "2019 MongoDB China user Conference" at the Xinghewan Hotel in Pudong, Shanghai. In this database technology event full of practical information, nearly 1,000 industry customers, partners and developers from all over the country listened to keynote speeches and interactive demonstrations by MongoDB executives, technology celebrities and industry users, reviewed the development process and achievements of MongoDB in the past year, and learned about the latest features and functions of MongoDB database. Activities like this have undoubtedly greatly promoted the influence of MongoDB in the market.

The technology that no one uses has no vitality.

Richard finally said that since the database was born in 1960, the database has rapidly changed into an important part of the application, and the design of the database has been growing with the needs of the application. In the past, the development of applications may only be applications within the company, resulting in a small amount of data and little change, so at that time the database was as concise as possible because the storage was too expensive. In the 1990s, the Internet began to become popular, online applications emerge in endlessly, the needs of application development have changed greatly, and the number of users has also increased greatly. In the era of mobile Internet, applications become anytime and anywhere, which not only subverts the ecology and requirements of application development, but also drives the change of database. So it is not possible to design database products in the way of traditional databases. Therefore, the future database should be able to collect and process data more quickly and agile, and have flexible expansion ability, which is not only the future development direction of MongoDB, but also the driving force to support the progress of MongoDB.

"I think the resistance to the progress of database technology is not the challenge of database technology itself, but the challenge of helping enterprises adapt to the rapidly changing business needs in all aspects. The software does not run by itself, but requires people to use it. So, in fact, the biggest challenge is people. There are always new technical bottlenecks in the database, and the technology is endless, but what is more important is to change how to spend more energy and time to promote these technologies to be used. The technology that no one uses is lifeless. " Richard said.

"Technology is people-oriented" is a sentence that came to mind immediately after listening to Richard. This may also be an important reason for the success of MongoDB.

Thank you for reading this article carefully. I hope the article "Why MongoDB is in the top five in the database" shared by the editor will be helpful to you. At the same time, I also hope you will support us and pay attention to the industry information channel. More related knowledge is waiting for you to learn!

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