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1. Overview of Virtualization. 1. What is virtualization?

Virtualization is to transform hardware resources from physical mode to logical mode, break the original physical architecture, enable users to manage these resources flexibly, and allow multiple operating systems to run on one physical machine at the same time. A technology that maximizes resource utilization and flexible management.

2. Advantages of Virtualization

Reduce the number of servers and reduce hardware procurement costs

Maximize resource utilization

Reduce the cost of computer room space, heat dissipation and electricity consumption

Hardware resources can be dynamically adjusted to improve enterprise IT business flexibility.

High availability

Make physical hardware adjustments without interrupting the service

Reduce management costs

Have a more efficient disaster preparedness capability

What is vSphere?

VSphrer is an enterprise virtualization solution based on cloud computing launched by VMware in 2001. The core component is ESX, which has been replaced by ESXi. This product has undergone five versions of improvement, and has realized the integrated solution of virtualization infrastructure, high availability, centralized management, performance monitoring, etc., and is still expanding and strengthening, with more and more features. It is known as the industry's first cloud computing operating system.

What is ESXi?

ESXi is not only one of the important members of VMware server virtualization system, but also the foundation of VMware server virtualization. In fact, it is also an operating system, using the Linux kernel, the installation mode is bare metal, directly installed on the physical server, do not need to install any other operating system. In order to make it occupy the system resources as little as possible, while ensuring its efficient and stable operation, VMware simplifies and encapsulates it.

IV. VSphere basic physical Architecture

As shown in the following figure, the vSphere virtualization solution has a complete basic physical architecture, and its five major components are virtualized servers, network services, storage networks, centralized management servers, and clients.

1. Virtualize the server

Virtualized servers are physical servers, also known as x86 servers, which provide CPU and memory virtualization resources through network services, and virtual machines run on them. Virtualized servers can consist of multiple ESXi, and ESXi can be installed directly on bare metal hardware.

2. Storage network

The importance of storage is self-evident. It is the core of virtualization. It can not only be used to store all the virtualized data, but also closely related to the performance of virtual machines. Storage resources are uniformly managed and allocated by vSphere. Storage network can use SAN, NAS and other storage technologies.

3. Network service

Network services are used to connect all devices in the entire architecture. VSphere solution is recommended in terms of network bandwidth of not less than gigabit, otherwise many functions can not achieve the desired results.

4. Centralized management server

Centralized management server (vCenter) is one of the important components of vSphere. Many of the advanced functions of vSphere are implemented through vCenter. VCenter can also put multiple ESXi into a cluster for unified management, and resources can be shared among virtual machines.

5. Client

Client (vClient) is one of the important components in vSphere, which is used for users to connect to ESXi or vCenter to manage and allocate various resources. There are two versions of vClient, vClinet and Web vClient.

V. the version of vSphere

There are also different versions of vSphere to meet the needs of different environments. The functions of each version of vSphere are different, the virtual RAM is also different, and the centralized management server (vCenter) is separate. Details of each version of vSphere are shown below:

1. Standard Edition

Standard Edition (Standard) provides an entry-level solution that enables basic server consolidation, thus greatly reducing hardware costs while ensuring business continuity and avoiding server downtime.

2. Enterprise Edition

Enterprise Edition (Enterprise) provides a powerful solution that greatly improves efficiency and resource management and ensures business continuity.

3. Enterprise enhanced version

Enterprise enhanced Edition (Enterprise Plus) provides a full-featured solution with strong flexibility, maneuverability, stability, and controllability to transform the data center into a highly simplified cloud computing environment, as well as flexible and reliable next-generation IT services.

6. Preparation before installing ESXi 1. Server selection

Most use rack servers, and blade servers can be used if conditions permit. However, although the blade server performance is superior, but because the vSPhere license is based on the actual hardware configuration of the project to determine the price, so the license price of blade server is very high, most enterprises use three main server brands: Dell, HP, IBM, these servers are very good in terms of vSPhere hardware compatibility.

2. Hardware selection after determining the server, we must consider the specific hardware configuration requirements, that is, we must ensure that the host meets the minimum configuration supported by ESXi 5.5: 1), ESXi 5.5 can only be installed and run on 64-bit X86CPU servers; 2), ESXi 5.5 requires the host to have at least 2 cores of CPU (select the same vendor Intel or AMD for multiple ESXi networks, otherwise the advanced features provided by vSPhere are not supported) 3), ESXi 5.5 requires at least 4GB memory; 4) to support 64-bit virtual machines, X64CPU must support and enable hardware virtualization (VT-x or RVI); 5), ESXi 5.5 requires one or more Gigabit or 10G Ethernet controllers. 6), any combination of one or more controllers. The basic SCSI controller, that is, Adaptec UItra-160 or UItra-320, LSI Logic Fusion-MPT, or most NCR/Symbios SCSI. RAID controller, that is, DellPERC (Adaptec RAID or LSI MegaRAID), HP Smart Array RAID, or IBM (Adaptec) ServeRAID controller.

Of course, if we want to achieve all the functions of vSPhere well, we need more powerful hardware configuration as support. What can affect the performance of vSPhere is not only powerful CPU and memory, but also stable network transmission and efficient storage devices. If you want to know whether your server hardware meets the hardware requirements of ESXi, you can query the VMware compatibility guide through https://www.vmware.com/resources/compatibility. 3. ESXi 5.5Button description

4. ESXi 5.5 main menu option description

7. Install ESXi 5.5,

Open VMware workstation to create a new virtual machine

Choose to install the operating system later

Select the operating system and version to install

Edit virtual machine name, browse location

Set disk size

Complete the new virtual machine

Edit virtual machine hardware Devic

Turn on the virtual machine and wait for the installation to complete

The first option in the following interface is to start installing ESXi 5.5. the second option, "boot from local disk", is to boot from the local disk, and the first one is selected by default here, waiting for it to automatically start booting the ESXi 5.5installer.

Open the installer Welcome screen and press enter to proceed to the next step

Open the installation license agreement interface and press F11 to proceed directly to the next step

Select the installed disk, because it is a simulated environment, there is only one optional location, and there is more than one available disk in the actual environment.

Configure the keyboard layout by default. Press enter to proceed to the next step.

Set the password of administrator root, which can be greater than or equal to 7 digits. Press enter to proceed to the next step.

F11 key to start installation of ESXI5.5

Under installation

ESXI5.5 installation is complete and prompts for a 60-day evaluation period. Press enter to restart the server

Open the ESXI5.5 main interface for the first time, and you can see the ESXI version number, CPU, memory, IP address and other information in the main interface. Press F2 to change the configuration.

Enter password

Choose to configure the network

Open the IPv4 configuration interface

Configure to manually set IP, configure IP address and subnet mask, save restart computer

Now that ESXi 5.5 has been installed and the IP address has been configured, the client installs vClient and uses vClient to log in to manage ESXi.

8. Install vClient on the client

Default Chinese installation

Default next step

Accept the terms of the license agreement and click next

You can change the installation path, so I'll install it by default here.

Start installation

Installation completed

Use vClient to create a virtual machine for ESXi

First, set the IP address of the real VM1 network card in the same network segment as the IP address of the ESXi just installed.

Open vClient and enter the IP address and user name and password of ESXi to log in.

Prompt safety warning, ignore OK

When you enter the vClient 5.5console, an evaluation period notification will appear for 60 days. With all the functions of vSphere5.5 within 60 days, without any restrictions, click the "OK" button to skip temporarily.

Click list on the console home page

Select the Summary tab to see the information about ESXi 5.5 that has been connected, and it is now certain that you are properly connected to the ESXi 5.5 that you just installed.

Select the configuration tab, select the storage, browse the data store, and create a folder to store the ISO

Upload ISO

The Windows 2003 operating system CD I uploaded here

After uploading the system CD, start creating a new virtual machine, select the "getting started" tab, and click create a new virtual machine.

There are two options below, and the typical option is to skip options that rarely need to change their default values, thus shortening the virtual machine creation process. The Custom option provides more flexibility and options. I will directly choose the typical installation here, and I can choose the installation according to my own needs.

Set a name for the virtual machine by myself, and I will set win2k3.

Select the storage location, because this case currently has only one storage location and is a local disk, so click the next button by default. However, local disks are rarely used in real projects, because many of the highly available features of vSphere cannot be implemented because of the use of local disks.

Select the virtual machine to create, and I will simply install a Windows server 2003 operating system here

The network defaults to the next step.

Set your own disk size, and then the next step

After confirmation, the stand-alone machine is completed.

Edit virtual machine hardware Devic

Browse the location where you just uploaded the system disk and mount it.

Turn on the win2k3 virtual machine

Open the virtual machine console

Press enter to start the installation of Windows server 2003

Operate on your own according to the prompts

Select partition installation system

Proceed to the next step by default

Installation complete, automatic restart

Wait for about two minutes and keep the default next step.

Configure your own name and unit, and you can do it next.

Enter the product key

Default next step

Configure computer name and administrator password by yourself

Prepare for installation

Default next step

Start installation

Unlock the computer

Install VMware Tools

Determine the installation

Default next step

Select a typical installation and click next

Just install it.

When the installation is complete, restart the computer

At this point, using vClient to create a virtual machine for ESXi has been configured.

-this is the end of this article. Thank you for reading-

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