How does linux find files using the locate and find commands?
1 locate lookup file using updatedb to establish mlocate.db entire disk file search index affects disk performance.
Locate-I is case-insensitive
Locate-n lists only the first n
Locate-r ". (jpg | png) $" find files ending in jpg or png support j basic regular expressions
2 find real-time search default recursive search
Find [OPTION]... [search path] [search condition] [processing action]
/ etc/passwd-maxdepth specifies the search level this example searches for passwd in the directory 1 below / etc/.
Find / etc/-maxdepth 2-mindepth 2-name filename search up to the second layer at least search the second layer only the second layer
[23:54:08 root@localhost ~] $find / data-depth lists the files first and then lists the folders with changes in arrangement
/ data/scripts37/diskcheck1026.sh
/ data/scripts37/creatuseradd.sh
/ data/scripts37/read23.sh
.
/ data/f1.txt
/ data/dir/f1
/ data/dir
/ data/f2
/ data
-iname "file name": case-insensitive
[00:02:27 root@localhost data] $ll-I
Total 68
100663360 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 16 Feb 16 23:51 dir
69-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Feb 16 20:51 f1.txt
85-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 595 Feb 16 23:51 f2
68 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Feb 16 23:13 scripts37
67-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 61440 Feb 16 08:17 scripts37.tar
33554496 drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 19 Feb 16 15:28 test
[00:02:33 root@localhost data] $find / data/-inum 70
/ data/scripts37/diskcheck1026.sh
[00:06:25 root@localhost data] $ll-I
Total 72
100663360 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 16 Feb 16 23:51 dir
69-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Feb 16 20:51 f1.txt
85-rw-r--r--. 2 root root 595 Feb 16 23:51 f2
85-rw-r--r--. 2 root root 595 Feb 16 23:51 f2.link
68 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Feb 16 23:13 scripts37
67-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 61440 Feb 16 08:17 scripts37.tar
33554496 drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 19 Feb 16 15:28 test
[00:06:35 root@localhost data] $find / data/-samefile / data/f2
/ data/f2
/ data/f2.link
[00:07:08 root@localhost data] $
-regex "PSTTERN": matches the entire file path with PATTERN. Not the file name.
00:10:50 root@localhost data] $find / usr/share/pixmaps/-regex ". * .jpg $"-match completion path
Find / etc-type d search, folder under etc
Find, dev-type b search for block files
Find / data-empty-ls search empty file capitalization is zero
[00:22:44 root@localhost data] $find / data/-empty-ls
69 0-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Feb 16 20:51 / data/f1.txt
Find / data!-empty-ls search for non-empty files! Logic inversion
Find / data-not-empty-ls search for non-empty files
And:-a
Or:-o
Non:-not!
# find / data!-empty-ls-check non-empty files and folders
# find / data-not-empty-ls-check non-empty files and folders
Find / data-name "f"-a-type f lookup starts with f and is a normal file-a can be omitted by default and mode
Find / data-name "f
Find / data-name "f"-o-type f looks for files that start with f or are ordinary files
# find / etc-path'/ etc/sane.d'-a-prune-o-name ".conf"-an and-prune cut the etc/sane.d/ directory and search for .conf files under / etc.
* find / etc (- path "/ etc/sane.d"-o "/ etc/fonts")-a-prune-o-name ".conf" search for files ending in .conf under / etc except, etc/sane.d folder and, etc/fonts folder * *
10240500 records in
10240500 records out
10240 bytes (10 kB) copied, 0.140448 s, 72.9 kB/s
[03:23:35 root@localhost data] $ll F1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 10240 Feb 17 03:23 f1
[03:23:41 root@localhost data] $find-size 10k
. / f1
[03:24:06 root@localhost data] $
# find / etc/-szie-6k {find files between 0-5K}
# find / etc/-size + 6k {find files greater than 6k}
Find-atime (default is in days) + 10-10 days old files
Find-atime 10 finds files between the tenth and eleventh days. The unwritten path defaults to the current path
Find-perm 644 finds the exact match of file permissions for the current 644
[04:17:32 root@localhost data] $find-perm-22222
[04:17:49 root@localhost data] $ll
Total 80
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 16 Feb 16 23:51 dir
Drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Feb 17 00:23 dir2
-. 1 root root 10240 Feb 17 03:23 f1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Feb 16 20:51 f1.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 595 Feb 16 23:51 f2
Lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 8 Feb 17 00:08 f2.link-> / data/f2
Equivalent command
[04:38:24 root@localhost data] $find-perm-001 > / data/ls.log
[04:42:48 root@localhost data] $find-perm / 001-ok chmod otakw {}\; find the file and modify the permissions "{}" to get the result-ok must end the syntax requirement with "\;"
< chmod ... ./scripts37 >? Y
< chmod ... ./scripts37/diskcheck1026.sh >? Y
< chmod ... ./scripts37/creatuseradd.sh >? Y
< chmod ... ./scripts37/age.sh >? Y
< chmod ... ./scripts37/yesorno_case23.sh >? Y
< chmod ... ./scripts37/count.sh >? Y
< chmod ... ./scripts37/YESORNO23.sh >? Y
< chmod ... ./scripts37/systeminfo23.sh >? Y
< chmod ... ./scripts37/yesorno23.sh >? Y
< chmod ... ./scripts37/checkdisk.sh >? Y
< chmod ... ./scripts37/useDISK.sh >? Y
< chmod ... ./scripts37/set.sh >? Y
< chmod ... ./test >? Y
< chmod ... ./test/test1 >? Y
< chmod ... ./dir >? Y
< chmod ... ./dir2 >? Y
< chmod ... ./fid >? Y
Drwxr-xrwx. 2 root root 16 Feb 16 23:51 dir
Drwxr-xrwx. 2 root root 6 Feb 17 00:23 dir2
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Feb 16 20:51 f1.txt
Drwxr-xrwx. 2 root root 6 Feb 17 00:35 fid
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1540 Feb 17 04:38 flog2.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 325 Feb 17 04:42 ls.log
Drwxr-xrwx. 2 root root 4096 Feb 16 23:13 scripts37
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 61440 Feb 16 08:17 scripts37.tar
Drwxr-xrwx. 3 root root 19 Feb 16 15:28 test
-rw-. 1 root root 28M Dec 14 08:31 / boot/initramfs-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64.img
-rw-. 1 root root 11m Dec 14 08:32 / boot/initramfs-3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64kdump.img
Find / etc-name passwd-find + l path + specified file name
[23:42:14 root@localhost scripts37] $find / etc/-maxdepth 1-name passwd
/ data/scripts37.tar
-name supports wildcards such as-name "* .jpg"
-inum n look up by inode number
-samefile name files with the same inode number
-link n Files with n links
[00:13:17 root@localhost data] $find /-user zhonghua-ls-lists the file attributes by the ls of the file that the user searches for zhonghua.
Find /-nouser-find unowned files
67160128 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Feb 16 15:28 / data/test/test1
Support logical conditions
Find / data (- name "f *"-o-type f)-a ls-a default is that logic and priority are high so that priority commands are enclosed in parentheses and need to be escaped first.
~ # find / etc-name "* .conf"-"-" avoid errors
# exclude search
[03:22:12 root@localhost data] $dd if=/dev/zero of=f1 bs=1 count=10240-- create file F1 uppercase 10K bs=1 (1 byte) 1024 bytes is 1K, 10240 bytes is 10k
# find / etc/-size 6k {find uppercase files between 5 and 6K}
# find-atime-10 files within 10 days
[04:14:25 root@localhost data] $find / data/scripts37-perm / 622-ls fuzzy match / 622 is the group to which the owner belongs and other as long as there is a match.
. / f2.link-"means that both the group to which the owner belongs and the other must have write permission
[04:37:54 root@localhost data] $find-perm-001-fls / data/flog2.log
< chmod ... . >? Y
[04:48:55 root@localhost data] $find-perm / 002-exec ls-l {}\; exec instead of OK no longer prompts for direct results
Total 72
[04:52:44 root@localhost data] $find /-size + 10m-exec ls-lh {}\
-rw-. 1 root root 71M Dec 14 08:29 / boot/initramfs-0-rescue-c8f47886da6d4ec687a38cc0be7425b1.img
