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This article mainly introduces where the program for managing the basic input and output equipment in the computer is put. It is very detailed and has a certain reference value. Interested friends must finish reading it.

The basic program for managing input and output devices is placed in "ROM". The data stored in read-only memory ROM is generally written in advance before loading into the whole machine, and can only be read out in the working process of the whole machine, unlike random access memory, which can be rewritten quickly and conveniently.

The operating environment of this tutorial: windows7 system, Dell G3 computer.

In a microcomputer system, the basic program for managing input and output devices is placed in ROM.

Read-only memory (Read-Only Memory,ROM) operates in a non-destructive readout mode and can only read out information that cannot be written. Once the information is written, it is fixed, and even if the power is cut off, the information will not be lost, so it is also called fixed memory. The data stored in ROM is usually written before loading into the whole machine, and can only be read out during the working process of the whole machine, unlike random access memory (RAM), which can quickly and easily rewrite the storage content. The data stored in ROM is stable, and the data stored after power outage will not change, and the structure is simple and easy to use, so it is often used to store a variety of fixed programs and data.

The characteristic of read-only memory is that it can only read but not write information. It usually solidifies a basic input / output system called BIOS (basic input / output system) in the ROM of the computer motherboard. Its main function is to complete the power-on self-test of the system, the initialization of each functional module in the system, the basic input / output driver of the system and the boot operating system.

Scope of use

Because ROM has the characteristic of not losing information after power off, it can be used in BIOS chip for computer startup. EPROM, EEPROM and Flash ROM (NOR Flash and NAND Flash) have the same performance as ROM, but can be rewritten. Generally, reading is faster than writing, and writing requires a higher voltage than reading. (reading 5V and writing 12V) but Flash can read and write at the same voltage with large capacity and low cost, such as U disk MP3 is widely used. In computer systems, RAM is generally used as memory, and ROM is generally used as firmware to store some hardware drivers.

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