Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

In this issue, the editor will bring you about the advanced road of PHP. The article is rich in content and analyzes and narrates it from a professional point of view. I hope you can get something after reading this article.

More and more people enter the circle of development and embark on the road of no return for programmers. According to the development track of LNMP programmers summarized in the development circle in recent years, combined with personal experience, this paper briefly combs the technical requirements of intermediate-level PHP programmers to help many PHP programmers set learning and growth goals.

Intermediate PHP programmer

Focus: improve the skills for LNMP, can be more comprehensive proficient in the application of LNMP.

Goal: to be able to build a LNMP environment anytime and anywhere, quickly complete routine configuration; be able to track and solve most of the problems encountered in the development and online environment; be able to independently undertake the architecture and development of medium-sized systems; be able to undertake the development of a medium-sized module in a large-scale system

Linux:

On the basis of the initial stage, be able to fluently use Shell scripts to do a lot of automated work; awk/sed/perl

Also operate well, able to complete a lot of text processing and data statistics and other work; basically able to install most non-special Linux programs (including various libraries, packages, third-party dependencies, etc., such as Redis/Sphinx/xunsearch/SVN/Git, etc.); understand basic Linux services, know how to view Linux performance indicator data, know basic Linux problem tracking, and so on.

Nginx:

On the basis of the initial stage, understand more complex Nginx configuration; including multicore configuration, events, proxypass,sendfile/tcp* configuration, know timeout and other related configuration and performance impact; know that nginx in addition to web server, but also can undertake proxy server, reverse static server and other configuration; know basic nginx configuration tuning; know how to configure permissions, compile a nginx extended to nginx Know the basic nginx operation principle (master/worker mechanism, epoll), know why nginx performance is better than apache performance, etc.

MySQL/redis:

On the basis of the initial stage, master a lot of tips in MySQL development, including conventional SQL optimization (group by/orderby/rand optimization, etc.) In addition to being able to build MySQL, you can also back up MySQL data hot and cold, know the configuration options that affect the performance of innodb/myisam (such as key_buffer/query_cache/sort_buffer/innodb_buffer_pool_size/innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit, etc.), and know how to configure these options appropriately. In addition, you also know some special configuration options, such as how to build a master-slave synchronization environment of mysql, and the difference between each binlog_format. Know MySQL performance tracking, including slow_log/explain, etc., but also know the basic index establishment processing knowledge; principle understanding of the basic MySQL architecture (Server+ storage engine), know the basic InnoDB/MyISAM index storage structure and different (clustered index, B-tree); know the basic InnoDB transaction mechanism; know most of the MySQL exception handling scheme (or know where to find the solution).

Redis/Memcached:

Cache processing must be involved in most medium-sized systems, so be sure to understand basic caching; know the similarities and differences and application scenarios between Memcached and Redis, and can be installed independently

Redis/Memcached, understand some of the basic features and limitations of Memcahed, such as the maximum value value, know that PHP is combined with their use; Redis understand basic working principles and usage, understand general data types, know what scenarios and types are applied, understand Redis transactions, and so on. In the principle part, you can have a general understanding of the memory structure of Memcached (slab mechanism), and redis will understand the underlying implementation storage structure of common data types (SDS/ linked list / SkipList/HashTable). By the way, it is better to understand the transaction, RDB, AOF and other mechanisms of Redis.

PHP:

In addition to the initial capabilities, the installation configuration is free to install PHP and various third-party extensions; understand most of the configuration options and meanings of php-fpm (such as max_requests/max_children/request_terminate_timeout, which affect performance), and know the difference between mod_php/fastcgi Have been proficient in various basic technologies in PHP, including various in-depth PHP, including in-depth understanding of PHP object-oriented / special features at the syntax level of SPL/, such as reflection; have read at least one regular PHP in framework

MVC framework code, know the basic PHP framework internal implementation mechanism and design ideas; in PHP development has been able to use conventional design patterns to apply development (abstract factory / singleton / observer / command chain / strategy / adapter, etc.); it is recommended to develop your own PHP

MVC framework to fully liberalize development, let oneself in-depth understanding of the MVC pattern, but also enable them to quickly upgrade in the development of business projects; familiar with various PHP code optimization methods, familiar with most of the PHP security problem solving; familiar with the basic mechanism of PHP implementation (Zend engine / extension basic working mechanism)

C _ blank

Start to dabble in some Cmax codes, be familiar with basic Cmax codes (pointers, array operations, strings, regular standard API) and data structures (linked lists, trees, hashes, queues); have a basic understanding of C language development under Linux, be able to write simple makefile files, and be able to compile simple GCC/GDB programs for simple debugging Have a general understanding of basic network programming. (this item is to lay the foundation for a higher level.)

Web front-end (this item does not focus on learning, unless interested in the front-end):

On the basis of the initial stage, familiar with the basic HTTP protocol (protocol code 200: 300, 400: 500, basic HTTP interaction header); if conditions permit, you can write a slightly elegant HTML+CSS+JavaScript in depth, or you can roughly simply use some front-end frameworks (jQuery/YUI/ExtJS/RequireJS/BootStrap, etc.); if conditions permit, you can learn more about JavaScript programming, such as closure mechanism, DOM processing More in-depth can read the jQuery source code to do in-depth study.

System design:

Able to design website architecture, database, basic PHP framework selection, performance test and troubleshooting processing for most medium-sized systems; be able to accomplish something like: browser-> CDN (Squid)

-> Nginx+PHP-> Cache->

The basic design, development and maintenance of database structure websites; can support the development and maintenance of basic websites with millions to 10 million traffic every day.

This is what the editor shares with you about the advanced road of PHP. If you happen to have similar doubts, you might as well refer to the above analysis to understand. If you want to know more about it, you are welcome to follow the industry information channel.

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