Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

One is the RedHat series maintained by commercial companies, which is characterized by a large number of users and a lot of data; the other is the Debian series maintained by community organizations, which is relatively stable and supports a lot of new technologies.

RedHat series

Redhat should be said to be the most popular version of Linux in China, and some people even equate Redhat with Linux, so this version is characterized by a large number of users and unusual data, which means that if you don't understand anything, it's easy to find someone to ask. And the general Linux tutorials on the Internet take Redhat as an example. By the way, the general management mode of RedHat.Redhat series is based on RPM package YUM package management, and the package distribution mode is compiled binary files.

Redhat series, including RHEL (Redhat Enterprise Linux, also known as Redhat Advance Server, paid version), Fedora Core (developed from the original Redhat desktop version, free version), CentOS (community clone of RHEL, free).

In terms of stability, the stability of RHEL and CentOS is very good, which is suitable for server use, but the stability of Fedora Core is poor, so it is best to be used only for desktop applications.

Debian series

Debian, or Debian series, includes Debian and Ubuntu.

Debian is a model of community-based Linux, and it is by far the most GNU-compliant Linux system. Debian was first founded by Ian Murdock in 1993 and is divided into three version branches: stable, testing and unstable. Unstable is the latest test version, which includes the latest software packages, but there are also relatively many bug for desktop users. Testing versions have been tested in unstable, are relatively stable, and support a number of new technologies (such as SMP, etc.). While stable is generally only used for servers, most of the above software packages are outdated, but the stability and security are very high. The most distinctive feature of Debian is the apt-get / dpkg package management mode. In fact, Redhat's YUM is also imitating Debian's APT mode, but in binary file distribution, APT should be the best. Debian is also rich in resources, there are many supporting communities, there are places to go for advice.

Strictly speaking, Ubuntu is not a separate distribution. Ubuntu is enhanced based on the unstable version of Debian. It can be said that Ubuntu is.

A near-perfect Linux desktop system that has all the advantages of Debian, as well as the advantages it has enhanced. Depending on the desktop system you choose, there are three versions to choose from: Gnome-based Ubuntu, KDE-based Kubuntu, and Xfc-based Xubuntu. It is characterized by a very friendly interface, easy to use and comprehensive support for hardware, which is the most suitable Linux distribution for desktop systems.

Gentoo

Gentoo, the great Gentoo is the youngest distribution in the world of Linux, and because she is young, she can draw on the advantages of all her previous distributions, which is one of the reasons why Gentoo is called the most perfect Linux distribution. Gentoo was originally created by Daniel Robbins, one of the developers of FreeBSD, and the first stable version was released in 2002. Because developers are familiar with FreeBSD, Gentoo has a widely acclaimed ports system comparable to FreeBSD-Portage package management system. Unlike the package management system for binary file distribution such as APT and YUM, Portage is distributed based on source code and must be compiled before it can be run, which is slow for large software, but it is precisely because all software is compiled on the local machine, after a variety of customized compilation parameters optimization, can maximize the hardware performance of the machine. Gentoo is the most complex installation of all Linux distributions, but it is the most manageable version after installation, and it is also the fastest version running in the same hardware environment.

FreeBSD

It should be emphasized that FreeBSD is not a Linux system, but a considerable part of the user base of FreeBSD and Linux coincides with each other, the hardware environment they support is also the same, and the software used is similar, so FreeBSD can be compared as a Linux version. FreeBSD has two branches: stable and current. As the name implies, stable is a stable version, while current is a beta version with new technologies added. FreeBSD uses Ports package management system, Gentoo is similar, based on source code distribution, must be compiled in the local machine before running, but the Ports system is not as easy to use as the Portage system, slightly more complicated to use. The most important feature of FreeBSD is stability and efficiency, which is the best choice as a server operating system, but the hardware support is not as complete as Linux, so it is not suitable as a desktop system.

Linux release selection recommendations

If you just need a desktop system, and you don't want to use piracy and don't want to spend a lot of money on commercial software, then you need a Linux distribution suitable for desktop use. If you don't want to customize anything yourself and don't want to waste too much time on the system, it's simple. Choose one of ubuntu, kubuntu and xubuntu according to your hobby. The only difference between the three is that of desktop programs. If you need a desktop system, but also want to customize your own Linux system very flexibly, want to make your machine run more happily, do not mind wasting a little time on Linux installation, then your only choice is Gentoo, enjoy the freedom pleasure that Gentoo brings! If you need a server system, and you are very tired of all kinds of Linux configuration, just want a relatively stable server system, then your best choice is CentOS, after the installation is completed, after a simple configuration can provide a very stable service. If what you need is a rock-solid, very stable server system, then your only option is FreeBSD. If you need a stable server system, and want to explore all aspects of Linux knowledge, want to customize a lot of content, then I recommend you to use Gentoo.

These are the details of the differences between Linux versions, please pay more attention to other related articles!

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