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This article mainly explains "what are the modifiers in Java". Interested friends may wish to have a look at them. The method introduced in this paper is simple, fast and practical. Let the editor take you to learn "what are the modifiers in Java"?

The Java language defines public, protected, private, abstract, static and final, which are six common modifiers and five less commonly used modifiers. Here is an introduction to these 11 Java modifiers:

1.public

Working with objects: classes, interfaces, members

Description: no matter where the package definition is, this class (interface, member) is accessible

2.private

Working with objects: member

Introduction: a member can only be accessed in the class that defines it

3.static

Use objects: classes, methods, fields, initialization functions

Introduction: the inner class named static is a top-level class that has nothing to do with the members of the containing class. A static method is a class method that is pointed to the class to which it belongs rather than an instance of the class. A static field is a class field, and no matter how many instances are created by the class in which the field belongs, only one instance of the field is pointed to the class to which it belongs, not an instance of the class. The initialization function is performed when the class is loaded, not when the instance is created.

4.final

Working with objects: classes, methods, fields, variables

Description: classes defined as final do not allow subclasses, cannot be overridden (not applied to dynamic queries), and field values are not allowed to be modified.

5.abstract

Working with objects: classes, interfaces, methods

Description: the class includes methods that are not implemented and cannot be instantiated. If it is an abstract method, the method body is empty, the implementation of the method is defined in the subclass, and the class that contains an abstract method must be an abstract class

6.protected

Working with objects: member

Description: a member can only be accessed in the package in which it is defined. If accessed in other packages, the class that implements this method must be a subclass of the class to which the member belongs.

7.native

Working with objects: member

Introduction: related to the operating platform, the method is not defined at the time of definition, and the implementation of the method is implemented by an external library.

8.strictfp

Working with objects: classes, methods

Description: all methods in strictfp-modified classes hide strictfp modifiers, all floating-point calculations performed by methods comply with the IEEE 754 standard, and all values, including intermediate results, must be expressed as float or double types, and cannot take advantage of the additional precision or range provided by the local platform floating-point format or hardware.

9.synchronized

Working with objects: method

Description: for a static method, jvm locks its class before execution; for a method of a non-static class, execute

Lock a specific object instance before.

10.volatile

Working with objects: field

Introduction: because asynchronous threads can access fields, some optimization operations must not work on fields. Volatile can sometimes replace synchronized.

11.transient

Working with objects: field

Description: fields are not part of the persistent state of objects and should not be concatenated with objects.

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